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CMU Stem Height ................. m Uniform Surcharge ................ Kg/m²

CMU Stem Thickness ........... cm Strip Pressure ....................... Kg/m²
# of Rows of Blocks ..............
Footing Thickness ................. cm Stem Vertical (Dead) ............. Tn/m
Toe Length ............................ m Stem Vertical (Live) ............... Tn/m
Heel Length ........................... m Vertical Load Eccentricity ..... cm
Soil Cover @ Toe .................. m Wind Load on Stem ............... Kg/m²
Backfill Height ....................... m OK Wind Height from Top ........... m
Backfill Slope Angle .............. deg

Wall taper 0.000 rad

Backfill slope 10.0 * 3.14 / 180 = 0.175 rad
Internal friction 30.0 * 3.14 / 180 = 0.524 rad
Wall-soil friction 0.524 / 2 = 0.262 rad
Seismic angle aTan (0.00 / (1 - 0.00)) = 0.000 rad
Footing length 0.40 + 20.3 / 100 + 0.40 = 1.00 m
Height for Stability 0.07 + 0.40 + 30.0 / 100 = 0.77 m
Earth pressure theory = Coulomb Active Moist density = 1924 Kg/m³ Saturated density = 2084 Kg/m³

Active coefficient = 0.34

Active pressure 0.34 * 1923.6 = 660.1 Kg/m²/m of height

- For stability analysis (non-seismic)
Active force 0.34 * 1923.6 * 0.77² / 2 = 0.2 Tn/m
0.2 * Cos(0.262 + 0.000) = 0.2 Tn/m
0.2 * Sin(0.262 + 0.000) = 0.1 Tn/m
Water force
Pw = (0.34 * (2083.9 - 1000.0 - 1923.6) + 1000.0) * 0.00² / 2 = 0.0 Tn/m

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- For stem design (non-seismic)

Active force 0.34 * 1923.6 * 0.40² / 2 = 0.1 Tn/m
0.1 * Cos (0.262 + 0.000) = 0.1 Tn/m
0.1 * Sin (0.175) = 0.0 Tn/m
Water force
Pw = (0.34 * (2083.9 - 1000.0 - 1923.6) + 1000.0) * (0.00 - 30.0 / 100)² / 2 = 0.0 Tn/m
Hor. seismic coeff. kh = 0.00 Ver. seismic coeff. kv = 0.00

Active seismic coeff. = 0.34

- For stability analysis (seismic)

Seismic force 0.34 * 1923.6 * 0.77² / 2 * (1 - 0.0 ) = 0.2 Tn/m
0.2 * Cos (0.262 + 0.000) = 0.2 Tn/m
0.2 * Sin (0.262 + 0.000) = 0.1 Tn/m
Water force
Pwe = 0.00 * (2083.9 - 1923.6) * (0.00)² / 2 = 0.0 Tn/m
- For stem design (seismic)
Seismic force 0.34 * 1923.6 * 0.40² / 2 = 0.1 Tn/m
0.1 * Cos (0.262 + 0.000) = 0.1 Tn/m
0.1 * Sin (0.262 + 0.000) = 0.0 Tn/m
Water force
Pwe = 0.00 * (2083.9 - 1923.6) * (0.00 - 30.0 / 100)² / 2 = 0.0 Tn/m

Backfill = 0.6 * 0.2 = 0.1 Tn/m

Arm = 0.77 / 3 = 0.26 m Moment = 0.1 * 0.26 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Water table = 0.6 * 0.0 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.00 / 3 = 0.00 m Moment = 0.0 * 0.00 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Surcharge = 0.6 * 0.34 * 0.0 * 0.77 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.77 / 2 = 0.39 m Moment = 0.0 * 0.39 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Strip load = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.00 m Moment = 0.0 * 0.00 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Wind load = 0.0 * 0.0 * 1.52 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 30.0 / 100 + 1.40 - 1.52 / 2 = 0.94 m
Moment =0.0 * 0.94 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Backfill seismic = 0.0 * (0.2 - 0.2) = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.6 * 0.77 = 0.46 m Moment = 0.0 * 0.46 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Water seismic = 0.0 * 0.0 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.00 / 3 = 0.00 m Moment = 0.0 * 0.00 = 0.0 Tn-m/m

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Wall seismic = 0.0 Tn

Moment = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Passive force = 0.6 * (0.00 + 3.19) / 2 * 0.70 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.23 m Moment = 0.0 * 0.23 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Overturning force Rh = 0.1 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 - 0.0 = 0.1 Tn/m
Overturning moment OTM = 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 - 0.0 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Arm of hor. resultant = 0.0 / 0.1 = 0.26 m

Stem weight 1.0 * 1.40 * 0.41 = 0.6 Tn/m

Arm = 0.40 + 20.3 / 100 / 2 = 4.50 m Moment = 0.6 * 4.50 = 0.3 Tn-m/m
Stem taper 1.0 * (20.3 - 20.3) / 100 * 1.40 / 2 * 0.41 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.40 + 20.3 / 100 / 2 = 5.22 m
Moment =0.0 * 5.22 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
CMU stem at top = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.40 + 20.3 / 100 / 2 = 0.50 m
Moment =0.0 * 0.50 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Ftg. weight 1.0 * 1.00 * 30.0 / 100 * 2.41 = 0.7 Tn/m
Arm = 1.00 / 2 = 0.50 m Moment = 0.7 * 0.50 = 0.4 Tn-m/m
Key weight 1.0 * 0.00 / 100 * 0.0 / 100 * 2.41 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.40 + 0.0 / 100 / 2 = 0.40 m Moment = 0.0 * 0.40 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Soil cover = 1.0 * 0.40 * 0.40 * 1923.6 = 0.3 Tn/m
Arm = 0.40 / 2 = 0.20 m Moment = 0.3 * 0.20 = 0.1 Tn-m/m
Stem wedge = 1.0 * 0.0 * 0.40 / 2 * 1923.6 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.40 + 50.8 / 100 - (50.8 - 30.5) / 100 * 2 / 3 = 5.22 m
Moment =0.0 * 5.22 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Backfill weight = 1.0 * 0.40 * 0.40 * 1923.6 = 0.3 Tn/m
Arm = 1.00 - 0.40 / 2 = 0.80 m Moment = 0.3 * 0.80 = 0.2 Tn-m/m
Backfill slope =
= 1.0 * 0.4 * 0.07 / 2 * 1923.6 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 1.00 - 0.40 / 3 = 0.87 m
Moment =0.0 * 0.87 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Water = 1.0 * 0.40 * (0.00 - 30.0 / 100) * (2083.9 - 1923.6) = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 1.00 - 0.40 / 2 = 0.80 m Moment = 0.0 * 0.80 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Seismic backfill = 0.0 * (0.1 - 0.1) = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 1.00 m Moment = 0.0 * 1.00 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Backfill Pav = 0.6 * 0.1 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 1.00 m Moment = 0.0 * 1.00 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Concentrated = 1.0 * 0.0 + 1.0 * 0.0 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.40 + (20.3 - 15.2) / 100 = 0.45 m
Moment =0.0 * 0.45 = 0.0 Tn-m/m

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Surcharge = 1.0 * 0.4 * 0.0 = 0.0 Tn/m

Arm = 1.00 - 0.40 / 2 = 0.80 m
Moment =0.0 * 0.80 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Strip = 1.0 * 0.0 * 0.40 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 1.00 - 0.40 / 2 = 0.80 m Moment =0.0 * 0.80 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Buoyancy = 1.0 * 1000.0 * 0.00 * 1.00 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 1.00 / 2 = 0.50 m Moment =0.0 * 0.50 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Ver. resultant Rv = 2.0 Tn/m
Resisting moment RM = 1.0 Tn-m/m
Arm of ver. resultant = 1.0 / 2.0 = 0.51 m
Overturning ratio = 1.0 / 0.0 = 34.65 > 1.50 OK

1.00 1.0 - 0.0

Eccentricity = - = - = 0.01 m
2 2.0
Bearing length = Min (1.00, 3 * (1.00 / 2 - 0.01)) = 1.00 m
2.0 6 * 2.0 * 0.01
Toe bearing = + = + = 2.1 Tn/m2 < 12.0 Tn/m2OK
1.00 1.00²

2.0 6 * 2.0 * 0.01

Heel bearing = - = - = 1.9 Tn/m2
1.00 1.00²

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Sliding force Rh = 0.2 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 = 0.2 Tn/m
Passive coefficient 1 / 0.42 = 2.37
Passive depth 0.40 + (30.0 + 0.0) / 100 - 0.00 = 0.70 m
Passive pressure top = 2.37 * 1923.6 * 0.00 + 0.00 = 0.00 Tn/m2
Passive pressure bot = 2.37 * 1923.6 * (0.70 + 0.00) + 0.00 = 3.19 Tn/m2
Passive force = (0.00 + 3.19) / 2 * 0.70 = 1.1 Tn/m
Friction force = Max (0, 2.0 * 0.50) = 1.0 Tn/m
Sliding ratio = (1.1 + 1.0) / 0.2 = 11.15 > 1.50 OK

Backfill = 1.6 * 0.1 = 0.1 Tn/m

Arm = 0.40 / 3 = 0.13 m Moment = 0.1 * 0.13 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Water table = 1.6 * 0.0 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = (0.00 - 30.0 / 100) / 3 = 0.00 m Moment = 0.0 * -0.10 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Surcharge = 1.6 * 0.35 * 0.0 * 0.40 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.40 / 2 = 0.20 m Moment = 0.0 * 0.20 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Concentrated DL = 1.2 * 0.00 = 0.0 Tn/m
Max moment DL = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Concentrated LL = 1.6 * 0.00 = 0.0 Tn/m
Max moment LL = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Strip load = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.00 m Moment = 0.0 * 0.00 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Wind load = 0.0 * 0.0 * 1.52 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 1.40 - 1.52 / 2 = 0.64 m Moment =0.0 * 0.64 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Backfill seismic = 0.0 * (0.1 - 0.1) = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.6 * 0.40 = 0.24 m Moment = 0.0 * 0.24 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Water seismic = 0.0 * 0.0 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = (0.00 - 30.0 / 100) / 3 = 0.00 m Moment = 0.0 * -0.10 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Max. shear = 0.1 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 = 0.1 Tn/m
Shear at critical section = 0.1 - 0.1 / 0.40 * 9.7 / 100 = 0.1 Tn/m
Max. moment = 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
0.0 / (0.1 * 20.3 / 100) = 0.54 5.2 MSJC 3.3.4.1.2
Shear strength MSJC Eq. (3-23)
φ Vn = 0.80 * 0.27 * Min (5.2, 4.0 - 1.75 + 0.54) * 2032.0 * (106)½ = 13.8 Tn/m > 0.1 Tn/m OK
Use #4 @ 40.0 cm (Center) 1.29 * 4218.4 / (0.8 * 105.5 * 40.0) = 1.6 cm
Neutral axis 1.6 / 0.8 = 2.0 cm < Shell tfs = 3.2 cm (Solid grouted)
Bending strength MSJC 3.3.5.4
φ Mn = 0.90 * 1.29 * 4218.4 * (9.7 - 1.6 / 2) / 40.0 = 1.1 Tn-m/m > 0.0 Tn-m/m OK
Hooked 0.075 * 4218.4 / (210.0)½ * 1.00 * 0.7 * 0.01 = 8.0 cm ACI 25.4.3
Dev. length at footing = = 30.0 - 7.6 = 22.4 cm > 8.0 cm OK
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As min = N.A. (Not applicable to masonry walls)

Bearing force = 0.0 Tn/m (Neglect bearing pressure for heel design)
Arm =
= (2.7 * 0.40² / 2 + (2.7 - 2.7) * 0.40² / 6) / 0.0 = 0.20 m
Moment = 0.0 * 0.20 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Concrete weight = 1.4 * 30.0 / 100 * 0.40 * 2.41 = 0.4 Tn/m
Arm = = 0.40 / 2 = 0.20 m Moment =0.4 * 0.20 = 0.1 Tn-m/m
Backfill weight = 1.4 * 0.40 * 0.40 * 1923.6 = 0.4 Tn/m
Arm = = 0.40 / 2 = 0.20 m Moment = 0.4 * 0.20 = 0.1 Tn-m/m
Backfill slope =
= 1.4 * 0.4 * 0.07 / 2 * 1923.6 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.40 * 2 / 3 = 0.27 m Moment =0.0 * 0.27 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Water = 1.4 * 0.40 * (0.00 - 30.0 / 100) * (2083.9 - 1923.6) = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = = 0.40 / 2 = 0.20 m Moment = 0.0 * 0.20 = 0.0 Tn-m/m

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Surcharge = 1.4 * 0.4 * 0.0 = 0.0 Tn/m

Arm = = 0.40 / 2 = 0.20 m Moment =0.0 * 0.20 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Strip = 1.4 * 0.0 * 1.22 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = 0.91 + 1.22 / 2 = -0.10 m
Moment = 0.0 * -0.10 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Max. Shear Vu = -0.0 + 0.4 + 0.4 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 = 0.9 Tn/m (1.4D+0.9H)
Max. Moment Mu = -0.0 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 + 0.0 = 0.2 Tn/m
Shear strength ACI Eq. (22.5.5.1)
φ Vn = 0.75 * 0.53 * (210)½ / 10 * 24.3 = 14.0 Tn/m > Vu = 0.9 Tn/m OK
Use #4 @ 25.0 cm As = 5.16 cm²/m 5.16 / (100 * 24.3) = 0.0021
Bending strength ACI 22.2.2
φ Mn = 0.90 * 24.3² * 210.0 * 0.043 * (1 - 0.59 * 0.043) = 4.6 Tn-m/m > Mu = 0.2 Tn-m/m OK
Cover factor = Min (2.5, (5.1 + 1.27 / 2, 25.0 / 2) / 1.27) = 2.5
Straight ACI 25.4.2.3
= Max (30, 4218.4 / 3.5 / (210)½ * 0.8 * 1.0 / 2.5 * 1.27 * 0.04) = 30.0 cm
Hooked 0.075 * 4218.4 / (210.0)½ * 1.27 * 0.7 * 0.04 = 15.0 cm ACI 25.4.3
Dev. length at toe side = = (1.00 - 0.40) * 100 - 5.1 = 55.2 cm> 30.0 cm OK
Dev. length at heel side = = 0.40 * 100 - 5.1 = 34.9 cm
> 30.0 cm OK
ACI 9.6.1.1
= Min (Max ((14 / 4218, 0.8 * (210.0)½ / 4218) * 100 * 24.3, 1.33 * 0.2) = 0.3 cm²/m
0.0018 * 100.0 * 30.0 = 5.40 cm²/m ACI 24.4.3.2
Min. steel area ratio = Max(0.26 / 5.16, 5.40 / 10.32, 5.40 / 7.10) = 0.76 < 1.0 OK

Bearing force = (2.5 + 2.4) / 2 * 0.40 = 1.0 Tn/m

Arm =
= (2.4 * 0.40² / 2 + (2.5 - 2.4) * 0.40² / 3) / 1.0 = 0.20 m
Moment = 1.0 * 0.20 = 0.2 Tn-m/m
Water Buoyancy = 1.2 * 1000.0 * 0.00 * 0.40 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm = = 0.40 / 2 = 0.20 m Moment =0.0 * 0.20 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Concrete weight = 1.2 * 30.0 / 100 * 0.40 * 2.41 = 0.3 Tn/m
Arm = = 0.40 / 2 = 0.20 m Moment =0.3 * 0.20 = 0.1 Tn-m/m
Soil cover = 1.2 * 0.40 * 0.31 * 1923.6 = 0.4 Tn/m
Arm = = 0.40 / 2 = 0.20 m Moment = 0.4 * 0.20 = 0.1 Tn-m/m
Max. Shear Vu = 1.0 + 0.0 - 0.3 - 0.4 = 0.3 Tn/m (1.2D+1.6(L+H))
Shear at crit. section Vu = 0.3 * (0.40 - 21.8 / 100) / 0.40 = 0.1 Tn/m
Max. Moment Mu = 0.2 + 0.0 - 0.1 - 0.1 = 0.1 Tn-m/m
Shear strength ACI Eq. (22.5.5.1)
φ Vn = 0.75 * 0.53 * (210)½ / 10 * 21.8 = 12.5 Tn/m > Vu = 0.1 Tn/m OK
Use #4 @ 25.0 cm As = 5.16 cm²/m 5.16 / (100 * 21.8) = 0.0024
Bending strength ACI 22.2.2
φ Mn = 0.90 * 21.8² * 210.0 * 0.048 * (1 - 0.59 * 0.048) = 4.1 Tn-m/m > Mu = 0.1 Tn-m/m OK 7 of 9
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Cover factor = Min (2.5, (7.6 + 1.27 / 2, 25.0 / 2) / 1.27) = 2.5

Straight ACI 25.4.2.3
= Max (30, 4218.4 / 3.5 / (210)½ * 0.8 * 1.0 / 2.5 * 1.27 * 0.01) = 30.0 cm
Hooked 0.075 * 4218.4 / (210.0)½ * 1.27 * 0.7 * 0.01 = 15.0 cm ACI 25.4.3
Dev. length at heel side = = (1.00 - 0.40) * 100 - 7.6 = 52.7 cm> 30.0 cm OK
Dev. length at toe side = = 0.40 * 100 - 7.6 = 32.4 cm
> 30.0 cm OK
ACI 9.6.1.1
= Min (Max ((14 / 4218, 0.8 * (210.0)½ / 4218) * 100 * 21.8, 1.33 * 0.1) = 0.1 cm²/m
0.0018 * 100.0 * 30.0 = 5.40 cm²/m ACI 24.4.3.2
Min. steel area ratio = Max(0.09 / 5.16, 5.40 / 10.32, 5.40 / 7.10) = 0.76 < 1.0 OK

Shear key depth = 0.0 cm Shear key thickness = 0.0 cm

Passive force = 1.6 * (3.2 + 3.2) / 2 * 0.0 / 100 = 0.0 Tn/m
Shear at crit. section Vu = 0.0 * (0.0 - 0.1) / 0.0 = 0.0 Tn/m
Arm =
= (3.2 * 0.00² / 2 + (3.2 - 3.2) * 0.00² / 3) / 0.0 = 0.00 m
Max. moment Mu = 0.0 * 0.00 = 0.0 Tn-m/m
Shear strength ACI Eq. (22.5.5.1)
φ Vn = 0.75 * 0.53 * (210)½ / 10 * 0.1 = 0.1 Tn/m > Vu = 0.0 Tn/m OK
Use #4 @ 30.5 cm As = 4.23 cm²/m 4.23 / (100 * 0.1) = 0.4231
Bending strength ACI 22.2.2
φ Mn = 0.90 * 0.1² * 210.0 * 8.498 * (1 - 0.59 * 8.498) = 0.1 Tn-m/m > Mu = 0.0 Tn-m/m OK

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General Analysis ................... IBC 2018

Concrete Design ................... ACI 318-14 1 D+L+0.6H 1 1.4D+0.9H
Masonry Design .................... MSJC-11 2 D+H+0.6W 2 1.2D+1.6(L+H)
Load Combinations ............... ASCE 7-10/16 3 D+L+H+0.6W 3 1.2D+0.9H+0.5W
4 D+H+0.7E 4 1.2D+L+0.9H+W
5 D+L+H+0.7E 5 1.2D+L+0.9H+E
Stem Footing 6 0.9D+1.6H+W
Concrete f'c ......... Kg/cm² 7 0.9D+1.6H+E
Rebars fy ............. Kg/cm²
Masonry f'm ......... Kg/cm²

Bending 0.01 < 1.00 (1.2D+1.6(L+H)) Bending 0.04 < 1.00 (1.4D+0.9H)
Shear 0.01 < 1.00 (1.2D+1.6(L+H)) Shear 0.06 < 1.00 (1.4D+0.9H)

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