Balani, Erika Feyne S.

Assignment #5

CAS-06-502P Language

LANGUAGE

Language is a form of communication. It is composed of words and systematic

rules. However, language is not the only form of communication. Posture, odor, hand

signs, and vocalizations are forms too. Communication is an important aspect in our

lives because we use language to communicate, interact, connect and socialize in the

society.

LANGUAGE STRUCTURE

Language has a set of rules in constructing sentences. These rules help in

making a meaningful and clear communication between parties.

Phoneme – this is the smallest unit of sound. It helps us distinguish a word from

another. For example, cat, sat, bat.

Morpheme – this is a series of phonemes that have a special meaning.

Free morpheme – this is a word that can stand alone, meaning it can be easily

understood. Example: book, pencil, and headphones.

Bound morpheme – other morphemes cannot stand alone, this include suffixes,

prefixes they are not complete on their own but when combined or added to other words

they change the meaning of the words. Example: unbreakable, impossible.

Lexemes – a word that has a set of inflected forms. Example: the word is run, under it

you can find running, and ran.

Syntax – this is the set of rules in constructing full sentences using phrases and words.

Every language has their own rules.

Context – when the words or sentences conveys a meaningful message. This includes

the tone of the person, body language, and words used. Example: a person saying

beautiful can give different interpretations depending on the tone of person whether he’s

sarcastic, happy; his actions, if he’s rolling his eyes, glaring.

LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION

It is the ability to comprehend the meaning of a sentence. Comprehending is very

crucial since without understanding what other people means cause miscommunication

and problems. We comprehend what other people are telling us, what we read, what we

see and etc.

TYPES OF COMPREHENSION

Literal Comprehension

Like the word literal means, this states that we understood the meaning from the

exact sentence that the person told us. We do not give a deeper meaning but take the

words as what it explicitly says.

Example: skimming through the dictionary, scanning, employs this kind of

comprehension.
Inferential Comprehension

In this kind of comprehension we go beyond the meaning of the information

presented. Meaning we are giving a deeper interpretation. We can experience this when

we are writing a book report, we go through the plot, the characters’ traits, and the

meaning of the book. It is also appropriate with the saying, “read between the lines” that

we often hear.

Example: the questions we need to answer after watching a movie or reading a

story. What does the story portray? Why do you think he hurt his girlfriend?
References:

1. Boundless. (n.d.). Boundless psychology. Lumen. Retrieved November 6, 2021,

from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-

psychology/chapter/introduction-to-language/.

2. Comprehension: Meaning and types: Psychology. Psychology Discussion -

Discuss Anything About Psychology. (2016, March 4). Retrieved November 6,

2021, from https://www.psychologydiscussion.net/social-psychology-

2/language/comprehension-meaning-and-types-psychology/1394.

3. Gomez, V. (2021, November 5). What are literal & inferential questions? The

Classroom | Empowering Students in Their College Journey. Retrieved

November 6, 2021, from https://www.theclassroom.com/literal-inferential-

questions-

8405649.html#:~:text=Examples%20of%20Inferential%20Questions&text=Exam

ples%20include%3A%20%22How%20did%20you,your%20own%20thoughts%20

and%20ideas.

4. NSW Department of Education. (2020, June 15). Literal comprehension.

Education. Retrieved November 6, 2021, from

https://education.nsw.gov.au/teaching-and-learning/student-assessment/smart-

teaching-strategies/literacy/reading/literal-

comprehension#:~:text=Literal%20comprehension%20is%20the%20understandi

ng,Key%20words.