Balani, Erika Feyne S.

Assignment #2

CAS-06-502P October 5, 2021

PERCEPTION

It is a sensory function in which we use the environmental stimuli and responds to

them accordingly. Perception is composed of senses like taste, sight, smell, touch, and

hearing. We use these senses that have connections with environmental stimuli to give

responses in time. Also, it involves the awareness of the body and position movement

called proprioception. Additionally, it consists of the face recognition of friends and people

with familiar scents.

TYPES OF PERCEPTION

Vision – this is the sense of sight. We use the eyes to see. The light energy sent

enables us to see.

Smell – we use the nose to smell. The nose sends signals to the brain to recognize

what we are sensing.

Hearing – this uses the ears to perceive sounds. It also receives signals even from a

far distance. It can be considered as more primary than vision.

Touch – this is the ability to perceive signals through the skin.

Taste – this uses the tongue to send signals in our brain. Our taste bud recognizes

sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and even spiciness.

PROCESS IN PERCEPTION

The process of perceiving an object occurs instantly, even if this takes a lot of steps

to complete. You wouldn’t even notice that your brain processes the signals sent to it by

the environmental stimuli, then making an interpretation after and enabling us to respond.
 1. Environmental Stimulus – everything around us can be a stimulus. The light,

food, drinks, books, and many more are some examples of stimulus. These stimuli

would then convert into signals sent to the brain.

2. Attended Stimulus – this is the object that we are focusing on. For example, the

stimulus I am focusing on is the spaghetti I am eating.

3. The image on the Retina – light enters our eyes, specifically the cornea, pupils,

and lens. The cornea helps focus the light entering the eye while the iris controls

the size of the pupil to limit the light that needs to enter the eye. These two work

together to form an inverted image in the retina.

4. Transduction – the image formed on the retina is then converted into electrical

signals. It is then sent to the brain to give an interpretation.

5. Neural Processing – this is the path that the electrical signals take. For example,

the pathway for auditory cues, vision, olfactory, etc.

6. Perception – this is the part where we are now consciously aware of the stimulus.

7. Recognition – being aware is not enough. This is where we interpret and provide

meaning to the signal or stimuli.

8. Action – this is the part where we are responding to a particular stimulus. We

either reply, run, show emotions, etc.

DISORDERS THAT CAN AFFECT PERCEPTION

Prosopagnosia – this is the inability to recognize faces, even remembering their face.

Aphantasia – this is the inability to visualize using the mind.

Spatial neglect syndromes – people with this disability cannot attend to the stimuli

presented on the other side of the body.

REFERENCES:

1. Cherry, K. (2020, July 9). How does perception work? Verywell Mind. Retrieved

October 5, 2021, from https://www.verywellmind.com/perception-and-the-perceptual-

process-2795839.

2. Sarwar, A. (2021, July 6). Spatial neglect. StatPearls [Internet]. Retrieved October

5, 2021, from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562184/#:~:text=Spatial%20neglect%20syndrom

e%2C%20a%20behavioral,(often%20left%2Dsided)%20spatial.

3. American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Apa Dictionary of Psychology.

American Psychological Association. Retrieved October 5, 2021, from

https://dictionary.apa.org/touch-

sense#:~:text=the%20ability%20to%20perceive%20an,See%20haptic%20perception%3B

%20tactile%20perception.

4. American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Apa Dictionary of Psychology.

American Psychological Association. Retrieved October 5, 2021, from

https://dictionary.apa.org/auditory-

sensation#:~:text=the%20sensation%20produced%20by%20a%20sound%20or%20other

%20auditory%20stimulus.

5. American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Apa Dictionary of Psychology.

American Psychological Association. Retrieved October 5, 2021, from

https://dictionary.apa.org/olfaction#:~:text=n.,airborne%20volatile%20substances%20calle

d%20odorants.
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American Psychological Association. Retrieved October 5, 2021, from

https://dictionary.apa.org/vision#:~:text=n.,See%20also%20visual%20system.