RC-3 IMS Kanpur

Directions (1-10): Read the following passage carefully and III. commercial passenger and freight carriers are using higher
answer the questions given after the passage. Certain standard fuel.
words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them a. II and III b. I only c. II only
while answering some of the questions. d. III only e. All are true
The Centre’s decision to adopt Bharat Stage VI automotive fuels 2. What can be the suitable title of the above passage?
nationwide by April 1, 2020 is a key measure that can, if a. New policy to clean the air
implemented properly, vastly improve air quality. Rolling out the b. Welcome measure to clean the air
BS VI standard nationally, skipping BS V, has significant cost c. High level of Pollutants
implications for fuel producers and the automobile industry, but d. New Initiatives to clean the air
its positive impact on public health would more than compensate e. None of the above
for the investment. Major pollutants such as fine particulate 3. According to the passage what will be the major effect of
matter, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide implementation of Bharat stage VI fuels?
emitted by millions of vehicles on India’s roads are severely a. It will heavily reduce the cost of fuels
affecting the health of people, particularly children whose lungs b. It will emit very less pollutants
are immature and hence more vulnerable. Thousands of c. It will majorly improve  public health.
premature deaths and rising rates of asthma episodes highlight the d. both a and b
urgent need to make a radical and complete shift to modern fuels c. both b and c
and vehicle technologies. Past national policy of implementation
of the BS IV fuel standard failed primarily because this was not 4. Which of the following statements are NOT TRUE according
done all over the country and the  technical standard also to the given passage?
permitted a higher level of sulphur in the fuel. Higher sulphur I. Diesel passanger and commercial vehicles are major source of
results in high volumes of fine respirable particulates measuring pollutant emissions.
2.5 micrometres (PM2.5) being generated in emissions. Since II. Urban development policies do not facilitate expanding good
even this obsolete standard was not followed uniformly, many public transport.
vehicles, especially commercial passenger and freight carriers, III. BS VI automotivme fuels  is a key measure to improve air
have been using lower standard fuel supplied outside big cities. quality.
This has rendered their catalytic converters incapable of a. II only b. III and II c. I and II
absorbing pollutants. d. III only e. All are true
Improved air quality, especially in big urban centres, depends on
5. In view of author how improved air quality is acheviable in
several factors in an era of fast motorisation. A bloated population
big urban cities?
of vehicles using fossil fuels has affected travel speeds,
a. By adopting BS VI authomative fuels
worsening pollution levels. Poor civic governance has left roads
b. By reducing vehicles using fossil fuels
unpaved and public spaces filled with debris and construction
c. By improving civic governance
dust, constantly re-circulating particulate matter in the air.
d. both b and c
Moreover, the monitoring of diesel passenger and commercial
e. All the above
vehicles – the biggest contributors to total emissions – for
compliance with emissions regulations remains poor. Such a Directions (6-8): Choose the word which is most similar in
record does not inspire confidence that retrofitting of old vehicles meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage.
to use higher quality fuels such as BS VI can be achieved
6. Rendered
smoothly. Equally, the distortions in urban development policy
a. administer b. performed c. produced
that facilitate the use of personal motorised vehicles rather than
d. combined e. catalyst
expanding good public transport, walking and cycling, are
glaring. Many of these issues were underscored by the Saumitra 7. Compensate
Chaudhuri Committee on Auto Fuel Vision and Policy 2025 in its a. penalty b. forfeit c. reimburse
report submitted in 2014. The panel also recommended d. regulate e. collate
appropriate levies to fund the transition to cleaner, low sulphur
fuels. A study by the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi on 8. Influence
fuel policy and air quality in the same year concluded that the a. origin b. power c. weakness
best results would be achieved by raising the fuel standard and d. start e. practical
introducing policy initiatives that would influence passenger Directions (9-10): Choose the word which is most opposite in
behaviour and cut personal travel kilometres by 25 per cent. The meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage.
government has done well to advance the deadline for cleaner
fuels by three years. It must show the same diligence in making 9. Diligence
other policy changes in partnership with State governments to a. quick b. assiduous c. heed
clean up the air. d. laziness e. diffidence
10. Obsolete
1. Which of the following statements are TRUE according to the a. dusty b. vigor c. vogue
given passage? d. old e. anticipate
I. Implementation of BS V fuel failed all over the country
II. Public spaces are filled with debris due to poor civic
governance
CLAT RC 03 (1)
 RC-3 IMS Kanpur
Passage-2 all. Unethical behaviour can cause employees to lose the faith in
Directions: In the following passage, some of the words have the company and become more likely to call in sick more often or
been left out, each of which is indicated by a number. Find the not even show up at all. Once a company is known for having
suitable word from the options given against each number and fill unethical behaviours, the effects can be permanent. All of the
up the blanks with appropriate words to make the paragraph years spent building a good reputation can be quickly torn down
meaningful. with only one unethical incident, destroying the company’s
reputation possibly forever.
Ethics concern an individual’s moral judgements about right and
wrong. Decisions taken within an organization may be made by 1. What is meant by Manslaughter ?
individuals or groups, but whoever makes them will be influenced 1) A kind of heinous crime 
by the culture of the company. The decision to behave ethically is 2) It's all about foul play.
a moral one; employees must decide what they think is the right 3) Legally killing of one human being by another. 
course of action. This may involve rejecting the route that would 4) Killing without malicious forethought
lead to the biggest short-term profit. Ethical issues include the 5) None of these
rights and duties between a company and its employees,
2. What is/are the dimensions of Business ethics ?
suppliers, customers and neighbours, its fiduciary responsibility
1) Corporate ethics 
to its shareholders. Issues concerning relations between different
2) Applied ethics or professional ethics 
companies include hostile take-over and industrial espionage.
3) Normative and descriptive
Related issues include governance; corporate; political
4) 1) and 2) 
contributions; legal issues such as the ethical debate over
5) None of these
introducing a crime of corporate manslaughter; and the marketing
of corporations’ ethics policies. 3. What can be the worst impact of unethical behaviour in
corporate world ?
Business ethics reflects the philosophy of business, one of whose
1) It can reduce the loyalty of customer towards the product.
aims is to determine the fundamental purposes of a company. If a
2) It will reduce productivity.
company’s purpose is to maximize shareholder returns, then
3) It may damage firm's reputation and make it less appealing to
sacrificing profits to other concerns is a violation of its fiduciary
stake holders.
responsibility. Business ethics is also known as corporate ethics, a
4) A company can be charged by the counts and order to close
form of applied ethics or professional ethics that examines ethical
down it with a fine or jail or both. Thus, company becomes
principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business
insolvent.
environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is
5) Both 1 and 3
relevant to the conduct of individuals and entire organizations.
Business ethics has both normative and descriptive dimensions. 4. Once a company is known for having unethical behaviours, the
As a corporate practice and a career specialization, the field is effect can be-
primarily normative. Academics attempting to understand 1) Permanent  2) Negligible  3) Determined 
business behaviour employ descriptive methods. The range and 4) Partial  5) None of these
quantity of business ethical issues reflects the interaction of
profit-maximizing behaviour with non-economic concerns. 5. Which of the following is definitely true in the context of the
Ethical behaviour and corporate social responsibility can bring passage ?
significant benefits to a business. For example, they may: attract 1) Profit maximization directly proportional to ethical behaviour.
customers to the firm’s products, thereby boosting sales and 2) People having ethical behaviour always in loss at their working
profits. It makes employees want to stay with the business, reduce place.
labour turnover and therefore increase productivity. It attracts 3) Corporate culture does not understand business behaviour.
more employees wanting to work for the business, reduce 4) Both 2 and 3
recruitment costs and enable the company to get the most talented 5) None of these
employees and also attract investors and keep the company’s Direction: Choose the word which is most nearly the SAME in
share price high, thereby protecting the business from takeover.  meaning as the word printed in bold as used in the passage.
While unethical behaviour or a lack of corporate social
responsibility, by comparison, may damage a firm’s reputation 6. FIDUCIARY
and make it less appealing to stakeholders. Unethical behaviour 1) Employee  2) Depositary  3) Guardian 
can also result in bad publicity, resulting in a bad name that will 4) Collector  5) Store keeper
always be associated with the company even if they attempt to
utilize a more ethical code of conduct. If a company has unethical 7. ESPIONAGE
behaviour and is charged by the courts, they can wind up paying 1) Spying  2) Information  3) Reforms 
fines, court fees and may even receive some jail time, many 4) Norms  5) Requirement
companies eventually go bankrupt and close their doors due to the
high cost of unethical behaviours. Unethical behaviour also 8. TORN DOWN
decreases productivity of a company. If you are working in a 1) Restored  2) Solvent  3) Bulldoze 
company with bad ethical behaviours, it is difficult for the 4) End  5) Demolish
employees to trust each other, or their supervisors. When people
work in an environment where they do not trust anyone, they are
not going to do their best work, if they continue to work there at
CLAT RC 03 (2)
 RC-3 IMS Kanpur

Answer

Passage-1
Answers:
1. C
2. B
3. C
4. E
5. D
6. B
7. C
8. B
9. D
10. C

Passage-2
1. 4 
2. 3 
3. 4 
4. 1 
5. 1
6. 2 
7. 1 
8. 5 

CLAT RC 03 (3)