BIOLOGICAL

CLASSIFICATIONN
Topic 1 : Introduction and Kingdom-Monera
1. Biological classification was first proposed by. who used simple
morphological characters to classify plants and animals.

2. Aristotle divided animals into two groups on the basis of the presence and absence of
(WBCs/RBCs/Lymphocytes).
3. Two kingdom classification system was given by.

4. The demerit of two kingdom system is that it does not distinguish between the eukaryotes
and prokaryotes, unicellular and multicellular organisms and photosynthetic and
non-photosynthetic organisms.
True False

5. Haeckel gave three kingdom classification which include kingdom,

and

6. Complete the following analogy given below.

Copeland: Four kingdoms: : Five kingdoms.
7. In two kingdom classification, Euglena was placed in kingdom
8. Out of the following how many criteria were used for five kingdom classification?
Cell structure, Body organisation, Mode of nutrition, Reproduction, Phylogenetic
relationship, Nuclear membrane composition.
 9. Study the following table carefully and write the correct words for A, B, Cand D.
CharacterS Monera Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia
Cell type A Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Eukaryotic
Cell wall B Present in some Present Present Absent
Nuclear membrane Absent Present Present Present C

Body organisation Cellular Cellular D Tissue/Organ Tissue/Organ/

Organ system

A. B.

C. D
10. In the given diagram, 4, B and Care autotrophs, heterotrophs and both (autotrophs and
heterotrophs), respectively.
Write down how many of the kingdoms out of the five kingdoms belong to A, B and C?

A B B.
C-

11. Match the following columns.

Column I Column II
(Modes of nutrition) (Examples)
A. Chemosynthetic autotrophs 1. Kanthomonas

B. Photosynthetic autotrophs 2. Beggiatoa

C. Parasitic organisms 3. Chlorobium

D. Holozoic 4. Amoeba

A. B.

C. D._
12. Earlier classification systems included bacteria, Blue-Green Algae (BGA), fungi, mosses,
ferns, gymnosperms under plants. Name the character which unified all these organisms
in one kingdom. ,

13. The three domain classification divides the kingdom. into two domains.
14. The sole members of kingdom-Monera are and
15. Write the names of different bacteria according to shapes given below.

A.

B.

C.

D.

16. Write true and false for the given statements with respect to bacteria.
) They are the most abundant microorganism found almost everywhere.
True False

i They cannot survive in extreme habitats like hotsprings, desert, snow and deep sea.
True False

i) Many of them live in or on other organisms as parasites.

True False

17. Bacterial structure is very. ,but they are very in behaviour.

18. According to the mode of nutrition,
(i) the bacteria which depend on other organisms or on dead organic matter for food are

(i) the bacteria which synthesise their own food from inorganic substrate are

19. Nanme the two types of autrophic nutrition periormed by bacteria.

20. Match the following columns.

Column I Column II
(Types of Archaebacteria (Habitats)

A. Halophiles . Hotsprings and extreme acidity

B. Thermoacidophiles 2. Extreme salty areas
C. Methanogens 3. Marshy areas

B. C..
21. Archaebacterial cell wall is made up of
whereas other bacterial cell wall is made up of
22. Read the following characters.
(Gi)
Found in the gut of ruminants.
(i) Commercially used for methane (biogas) production.
Above characters are related to group of organisms collectively called as
23. Name the bacterial group which is also known as "True bacteria'.
24. Identify the following organism X and its structures A and B.

B
B.

X.

25. The cyanobacteria are also referred to as

26. Choose the odd one out with respect to eubacteria.
Spirulina, Methanococcus, Nostoc, Anabaena

27. Cyanobacteria have chlorophyll (al bl e) similar to green plants.

28. Given below are characteristics of eubacteria, write whether these are photosynthetic
autotrophic bacteria or chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria.
() Oxidise various nitrates, nitrites, ammonia and use the released energy for their ATP
production.
(i) Form blooms in polluted water bodies.
(it) Play a great role in recycling of nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, iron and sulphur.

29. Specialised cells present in cyanobacteria for fixing atmospheric nitrogen is known as

30. Choose the odd one out with respect to disease caused by bacteria.
Cholera, Typhoid, Citrus canker, Influenza

31. Blue-green algae are unicellular, colonial or filamentous, freshwater or marine or

terrestrial algae.
True False
 32. Identify the below X process in bacteria and write its parts 4, B and C.

C.

33. Civen below are some economic importance of heterotrophic bacteria. How many of
them are correct

Antibiotic production, Curd making, Fodder crop,

Decomposition, Diatomaceous earth, Nitrogen-fixation.

34. Sometimes under unfavourable conditions, bacteria produce fragmentation.

Reurite the stalement by changing the underlined word.)

35. Sexual reproduction in bacteria occurs by transfer of DNA from one to another by three
methods, i.e. and

36. Name the organism based on the following characters.

() Lack cell wall i) Anaerobic
i) Smallest cell (0.1-0.15 um in length)

37. Write the full form of following.

() MLOs
(ii) PPLOs

38. Name one disease caused by mycoplasma in plants and animals each.

Topic 2 : Kingdom-Protista
39. In which kingdom, chrysophytes, dinoflagellates, euglenoids, slime moulds and
protozoans are included?

40. How many of the given features are correct with respect to members of kingdom-
Protista?
Single-celled, Eukaryotic, Membrane bound organelles, Lacks nucleus, Terrestrial,
Connecting links between plants, animals and fungi
41. Complete the following analogy given below with respect to Protista.
Asexual reproduction : Sexual reproduction:
42. Write the common biological term.
Diatoms, Desmids, Golden algae

43. The cell wall is composed of two thin overlapping shells which fit together like a soap case
n
44. Siliceous frustules of diatoms being indestructible piled up at the bottom of ocean and
formed a thick bed over billions of years. Such a thick bed is known as

45. Which of the following is not the economic importance of Diatomaceous earth' or
Diatomite.
Polishing, Filtering oil and syrups, Biogas production, Making sound and fireproof
rooms, lnsulation material in refrigerators, Source of socium silicate.

46. Dinoflagellates are mostly marine water_

(saprophytic/photosynthetic) organisms.
47. are the chief producers in the oceans.
48. Which group of organisms is represented by the given figure?

B..

49. Which protist group possesses two flagella, one lies longitudinal and other transversely?

50. Name a colourless dinoflagellate famous for bioluminescence.

51. Choose the odd one out.
Ceratium, Gonyaulax, Noctiluca, Euglena
52. Identify the dinoflagellate based on the given features.
4) Form 'red tides' in warm coastal water.
i) Release toxin called saxitoxin to kill prey.
(ii) Cell wall has stiff cellulosic plates on the outer surface.

53. Dinoflagellates appear yellow, green, brown, blue or red depending on the main pigments
present in their cells.
True False

54. Euglenoids are freshwater organisms having a protein rich layer called.
which makes their body flexible.
55. Write the number of flagella in euglenoids.

56. Euglena is called a plant due to the presence of and an animal

due to. nutrition.

57. The slime moulds are. (photosynthetic protists/saprophytic protists).

58. The nmultinucleate slimy mass of protoplasm forming the body of slime moulds is known
as myxamoeba.
(Rewritethe statement by changing the underlined word)

59. Plasmodial slime mould under unfavourable conditions differentiates and forms fruiting
bodies, i.e. bearing spores. A spore possesses a cell wall made up of
These spores are dispersed via
60. The body of slime moulds moves along the decaying twigs and leaves engulfing organic
material.
True False
61. Name the protist group based on the given below characters.
() Heterotrophs (i) Predators or Parasites
(ii) Believed to be primitive relative of animals.

62. Match the following columns.

Column I Column II
(Groups of protozoan) Examples)
1. Paramoecium
A. Amoeboid
B. Flagellated Plasmodium

C. Ciliated 3. Entamoeba

D. Sporozoans 4. Typanosoma

A B. C. D.
63. is a protozoan parasite of large intestine of human beings and
causes the disease dysentery.
64. Identify the given figure of protozoan protist which causes kala-azar and sleeping sickness
in human.

65. The sporozoans are all internal that typically have an infective cyst
stage in their life cycle. An example of sporozoan is the genus . which
causes malaria.
66. Identify the given figure X'and write the name of structures A, B, Cand D.

D.

67. Write the names of the group of protozoan based on their characters.

) They move to capture their prey by forming pseudopodia and some marine forms have
silica shells on their surface.

i) Actively moving organisms having a cavity (gullet) that opens to the outside of the cell
surface.
Topic 3: Kingdom-Fungi
68. The fungi constitute a unique kingdom of organisms.
69. Give one an example of each
) Edible fungi
i) Poisonous fungi.
70. With the exception of mushrooms, all other fungi are filamentous.
Rewrite the statement by changing the underlined word).

71. The causal organism of wheat rust is_ (Ustilago/Puccinia).

72. Fungi prefer to grow in, environment.
73. Fungal cell walls composed of and

74. Aunicellular fungi, .

is used to make bread and beer.
75. Write the scientific names of the following fungi.
Bread mould.
(ii) Mushroom .

(ii) Smut
(iv) Rust fungus
76. Categories the types of spores into their production type in fungi.
Zoospores, Aplanospores, Conidia, Ascospores, Basidiospores
G) Exogenous
) Endogenous.
77. Coenocytic hyphae have septal walls in its filaments.
True False

78. Except yeast, the bodies of fungi consist of long, slender, thread-like structure called
,which form a network called
79. Name the class of fungi which shows all the three types of sexual reproduction.
Isogamous, Anisogamous, Oogamous

80. The lichens live as symbionts having and as symbiotic

partners.
81. Write the biological term for the following sentences.
( Fungi that absorb soluble organic matter from dead substrates.
i) Fungi that absorb nutrients directly from the cytoplasm of living host..
(ii) Association of fungi with roots of higher plants.
82. Give an example of mycorrhizal fungi..
83. Dikaryophase is a specific property of- and.
classes of fungi.

84. Given below is the flowchart of the types of reproduction in fungi.

Reproduction

Vegetative meansS Asexual spores Sexual spores

)
i). i).
i.
Write the correct words in the blanks given.

85. Name the three steps of sexual cycle in fungi.

86. In fungi, karyogamy is the fusion of two,

87. In fungi, the fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes is called
cytokinesis.
(Reurite the statement by changing the underlined word)

88. Given flowchart is the representation of life cycle of members of class-Ascomycetes and
Basidiomycetes. Identify and write A, B and C

A.
Plasmogamy

+ A B.
Karyogamy
Meiosis C.

89. The morphology of mycelium, mode of spore formation and type of fruiting bodies forms
the basis of classification of fungi.
True False
90. Name the type of fungi, based on its description.
True fungi, perithecium fruiting bodies.
Fungi«

Exogenous spores, asexual reproduction absent, non-motile spores..

91. Members of . .are found in aquatic habitats and on decaying wood in
moist and damp places or as obligate parasites.
92. Identify the fungi X'and its parts A, B, Cand Din the diagram given below.

A.

B.
B
D .
D.

X.

93. Choose the odd one out.

Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, Zygomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes

94. Name the class of fungi on the basis of their characters.

() They are saprophytic, decomposers, parasitic or coprophilous (growing on dung).

i) They grow in soil, on logs and tree stumps and living in plant bodies as parasites.

95. Fill in the table for classification of fungi.

Fungi classes Features Members

Mycelium septate and branched Neurospora

Phycomycetes Rhizopus

Deuteromycetes Mycelium septate and branchedd

Mycelium branched and septate (E

A B. .
C.
D. E.

96. Identify the fungi shown below in figures 4, B and C.

5.

C.

B
 97. Rewrite the statements by changing the underlined words.
) The fruiting body of Agaricus is called mericarp.
i) Coenocytic mycelium is uninucleate and septate.
ii) The parasitic fungi on mustard is Mucor.

98. Which fungus is used extensively in biochemical and genetic works?.

99. The basidiospores are produced on the

100. Name the common class of these fungi.

Mushroom, Bracket fungi, Smut fungi|

101. Most of the members of the class Ascomycetes are decomposers of litter and help in mineral
cycle.
(Rewrite the statement by changing the underlined word.)

102. The wonder drug, penicillin is extracted from which of the species of Penicillium?

103. In Penicillum, the asexual reproduction takes place by . Spores.

104. Match the following columns.

Column I Column I

A. Source of antibiotics 1. Penicillium, Streptomyces

B. Rust and smut diseases 2. Puccinia, Ustilago

C. Early blight of potato 3. Alternaria solani

D. Late blight of potato 4. Phytophthora infestans

A. B. C. D.

105. Which fungi is called Drosophila of plant kingdom'?.

106. In Ascomycetes, ascospores are produced in a sac called

107. Choose the odd one out for the edible form of Ascomycetes.
Morels, Puffballs, Truffles
 108. Rewrite the statements by changing the underlined word.

) In Phycomycetes, asexual reproduction takes place by zoospores (motile) and

conidiophores (non-motile).

i) In Ascomycetes, asexual spores are conidia and sexual spores are basidiospores.

i) In Deuteromycetes, sex organs are absent but plasmogamy is brought about by the
fusion of two vegetative cells.

109. In Phycomycetes, zygospore is formecd by the fusion of two gametes. These gametes are
similar in morphology, i.e. or dissimilar, i.e.
110. In which class of fungi, asexual spores are generally not found, but vegetative
reproduction by fragmentation is common?

111. How many basidiospores are produced from the basidium?

112. Match the following columns.
Column I Column II
(Fungi classes (Common names)
A. Asconmycetes 1. Club fungi

B. Basidiomycetes 2. Sac fungi

C. Deuteromycetes 3. Algae fungi

D. Phyconycetes 4. Fungi imperfecti

A. B. C. D.
Topic 4: Kingdom-Plantae and Animalia
113. In kingdom-Plantae, few members are partially heterotrophic like insectivorous plants or
parasites.
With reference to the above statement give examples of insectivorous plant and the parasitic
plant.

114. Give a common teIm.

Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms

115. Life cycle of plants have two distinct phases, the diploid
and the haploid sporophytic/gametophytic).
 116. Out of the words/features given in the box, choose the correct for describing plants and
animals.
Chlorophyl1, Cellulose present, Glycogen present, Holozoic nutrition, Mobility,
Alternation of generation
Kingdom-Plantae Kingdom-Animalia

117. State true or false.

(G)
Animals show definite growth pattern and grow into adults that have a definite shape
and size.
True False
i) All animals have elaborated sensory and neuromotor mechanisms.
True False

(ii Sexual reproduction is followed by embryological development in animals.

True False

Topic 5: Viruses, Viroids, Prions and Lichens

118. Name the acellular organisms not included in five kingdom classification of Whittaker.

119. Viruses are_ (non-cellular/cellular) organisms that are

characterised by having an inner crystalline structure outside the living cell.

120. The genetic material of viruses consists of

121. Match the following columns.
Column I Column I
(Scientists) Contributions)
Pasteur 1. Contagium vimem jluidum

B. Beijerinek 2. Crystallisation of viruses

C. Stanley 3. Virus means venom

A. B. C.
122. Given below is the diagram of a virus. Identify the virus X and write its parts A and B.

B.

X.

LA LB
123. The name 'virus' means

124. Name the scientists who said that 'viruses are smaller than bacteria'.

125. Viruses infect, by taking over the machinery of the host cell to replicate themselves and
then kill the host cel.
True False
126. Complete the following analogy given below.

Retrovirus: RNA containing virus:. :

DNA containing virus.

127. No virus contains both RNA and DNA.

True False
128. Write a common term for the diseases mentioned in the box given below.
Common cold (flu), Mumps, Herpes, Influenza

129. Name the scientific term for the statements given below.

i) The protein coat of a virus.

(i) The subunit of capsid..

130. Out of the following symptoms, how many are shown by plants infected with virus?
Mosaic formation, Leaf rolling and curling, Leaf spots
Yellowing and vein clearing, Dwarfing, Stunted growth

131. Rewrite the statements by changing the underlined word

(i) Virus is an infectious lipoprotein particle. .
(i) Bacteriophage is a ds RNA virus.
ii) Virus that attacks bacteria is called prions.
132. Identify the virus X' and name its structures marked as 4, B, C, Dand E.

A
B.
B

C.

E
133. Complete the following analogy given below.
Tobacco mosaic disease: Plant viral disease Animal viral disease
134. The genetic material of virus is ssRNA, dsRNA, ssDNA and dsDNA. Out of these the
genetic material of viral that infect.

() Plants

(i) Animals

135. Name the microorganism discovered by TO Diener in 1971, which is smaller than viruses.

136. Viroids are infectious agents made up of free (DNA/RNA) that

lacks -(protein/carbohydrate) coat found in virus.
137. TO Diener discovered a popular disease in plants called. caused by

138. Certain infectious neurological diseases are transmitted by abnormally folded proteins
called (virions/prions).
139. Match the following columns.
Column I Column II
(Names of diseases) (Causal agents/Organisms)
A. Little leaf of brinjal 1. Virus
B. CrJakob disease in humans 2. Viroids
C. Citrus exocortis 3. Prions
D. Mosaic disease of okra 4. Mycoplasma

A. B. C. D.
140. The other name of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) is

141. The full form of CJD in humans is

142. The algal and fungal components of a lichen are respectively called
and
143. Write one function of each
(i) Algal component of lichen.

i) Fungal component of lichen.

144. Lichens grow very well in (less/more) polluted areas.

145. Name the three types of lichens on the basis of their structure.

146. Write the correct term against each statement from the box given below.
Virion, Viroid, Prions, Virus, Lichen|

A completely assembled and infectious virus outside the host cell.,

(i) Proteinaceous infectious particles with small amount of nucleic acid.

i Small infectious agent with low molecular weight of RNA..