NAME- ASMITA DAS

ENROLLMENT NO- 510419131

SUBJECT- STRUCTURAL LAB PRACTICAL
EXPERIMENT- RC FLEXURE
Objectives:
a. To determine experimentally the resistance moment of a RC beam in flexure and compare
with theoretical calculations
b. To obtain the load-deflection plot
c. To obtain the strain profiles along the depth of the beam at first crack and just before
complete failure
Apparatus:
a. Flexure testing machine with loading frame
b. Extensometers and dial gauges
Procedure:
a. Increase load value from zero till failure
b. Measure deflection and strains

Sample Calculation: P P
A B
L/3 L/3 L/3

SFD +P

-P

PL
3
BMD
Pure
Bending(No
Shear

P P
A B
P C P

P P
δC= Deflection at centre C
For calculating ბc, we can easily do that with Macaulli’s Bracket method.
d2 y L 2L
−EI dx2 = Px − [P (x − 3)] − [P(x − )]
3
 L 2 2L 2
dy 𝑃x2 𝑃(x− ) 𝑃(x− )
3 3
 −EI dx = −[ ]−[ ] + c1
2 2 2

[c1 is a constant] [Integrating once]

L 3 2L 3
𝑃x3 𝑃(x− ) 𝑃(x− )
3 3
 −EIy = −[ ]−[ ] + c1 x + c2
6 6 6

[c2 is a constant] [Integrating twice]

For computing c1 and c2, we can use the boundary condition.
As we know at x = 0, y = 0; so c2 = 0;
𝑃L2
at x=L, y=0; so c1= − 9
L 3 2L 3
𝑃x3 𝑃(x− ) 𝑃(x− ) 𝑃L2
3 3
−EIy = −[ ]−[ ]− x
6 6 6 9

At x=L/2,

23𝑃L3
δ𝐶 = −
648EI
Data given:

L= 1800 mm
B=115 mm
D=150 mm
cover=25 mm (including stirrup)
Grade of concrete=M25
Modulus of rupture (flexural tensile strength of plain concrete) =4.4. Mpa
Grade of steel=Fe500

So,
E=5000√𝑓𝑐𝑘 = 5000√25 = 25000𝑁𝑚𝑚−2
1
I= 12 𝐵𝐷3 = 32.34 × 106 𝑚𝑚4
EI= 8.086 × 1011 𝑁𝑚𝑚2
For P=5 KN,
δ𝐶 = 1.28 mm
 Datasheet:

EXTENSOMETER AND DIAL GAUGE READING

D
ep
th
12.5 25 37.5 100
in
m
m
Expe Theor
Lo Dial rime etical
String Gauge reading at different Depth
No. of ad Gaug ntal Deflec
Remark
Obser in e Defle tion in
s
vation k Read ction mm
N ing in
1 - 1' Strain 2 - 2' Strain 3 - 3' Strain 4 - 4' Strain
mm
Initial
Initial
Readi 0 2.537 0 3.33 0 3.19 0 3.265 0 600 0 0.00
Reading
ng
-
0.0078
1 5 2.497 -0.01577 3.29 0.0120 3.215 3.416 0.046248 698 0.98 1.28
37
1
0.0090 0.0159
2 10 2.541 0.001577 3.36 3.241 3.337 0.022052 793 1.93 2.56
09 87
- - 1st
3 25 2.336 -0.07923 3.23 0.0300 3.15 0.0125 3.29 0.007657 1085 4.85 6.40 crack
3 4 Seen
- -
4 35 2.415 -0.04809 3.229 0.0303 3.125 0.0203 3.395 0.039816 1278 6.78 8.96
3 8
- -
5 40 2.472 -0.02562 3.201 0.0387 3.172 0.0056 3.487 0.067994 1405 8.05 10.24
4 4
- -
6 45 2.444 -0.03666 3.185 0.0435 3.159 0.0097 3.511 0.075345 1530 9.3 11.52
4 2
- -
11.2
7 50 2.418 -0.04691 3.169 0.0483 3.147 0.0134 3.474 0.064012 1725 12.80
5
5 8
54
8 Failure
.5

Dial Gauge Constant 0.01 mm

Gauge Length of Extensometer 150 mm

 Strain Distribution over depth of RC beam for Load = 5 KN

120
100
Depth in mm

80
60
40
20
0
-0.02 -0.01 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05
Strain

Strain Distribution over depth of RC beam for Load = 10 KN

120

100
Depth in mm

80

60

40

20

0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025
Strain

Strain Distribution over depth of RC beam for Load = 25 KN

120

100
Depth in mm

80

60

40

20

0
-0.09 -0.08 -0.07 -0.06 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0 0.01 0.02
Strain
 Strain Distribution over depth of RC beam for Load = 35 KN

120

100

80
Depth in mm

60

40

20

0
-0.06 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05
Strain

Strain Distribution over depth of RC beam for Load = 40 KN

120

100
Depth in mm

80

60

40

20

0
-0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0 Strain 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08

Strain Distribution over depth of RC beam for Load = 45 KN

120

100

80
Depth in mm

60

40

20

0
-0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1
Strain
 Strain Distribution over depth of RC beam for Load = 50 KN

120

100

80
Depth in mm

60

40

20

0
-0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08
Strain

Load vs Deflection curve for RCC beam

14.00

12.00

10.00
Load in KN

8.00

6.00 Theoretical Deflection in mm

4.00
Experimental deflection in mm
2.00

0.00
0 10 20 Deflection30in mm 40 50 60

Discussion:
The strain distribution over depth of RCC beam should be linear. The error in the graph is
due to mishandling of instrument. The data taken was erroneous and that’s why we have to
omit the data corresponding to load 15 and 30 KN and also all the strain gauge reading at 5-
5’. Expect the second graph we have a found a pattern that the first three strain values are
compressive in nature and the last one is tensile in nature. So, from here we can clearly
understand the neutral axis lies in between point 3 and point 4.