-

I CHEMPRO :

34 35
1) 23pm
-

h
- -

a) 7 = = 6.626 . 10 Js = 8.282 .
10 m = 8.282 .
10
I 1
mV 0.4kg '
20m15 1012
pikometer = ✗
pm
m

b) 7 : h = 6.626.10-34 JS = 9.999.10
-

11m = 99.99 pm
I 1
mV 9,109^10 -31kg . 7.274 - 10° Mls
1012
pikometer = ✗
pm
m

c) h 99,99 120
Xe : = : ≈ 5 : 6

2) at Ek 1 MVZ -31kg / ( 864017 /

2
3.4.10 -19J =
2.125 eV

÷
= =
( g. 10g . 10 m/s =

2-
eV =
÷ 1.6.10
-

19J

b) E = he = 6.626.10-34 Js -
3- 108m / s :
1.599.10 -18J = 9.99 eV

7 124.24 10 -9M 19J

eV
-
.
=
÷ 1.6.10

c) Eionisasi = E- laser -
Ekinetik =
9.99 EV -
2.125 ev : 7865 eV

d) Éionisasi = 7.875 eV ✗ 1.6.10 -19J ✗ 6. 022.1023

= 758722 J / MOI

= 758.722 KJ / MOI
3) E = - 13.6 eV

4,782 10 -20J 13.6 ( 1. 6-10-19 J)

-
.
= -

m2

m2 : 45.566

n = 6.74566

n ≈ 6.75

bukan bit . bulat → tidak to / eh ,

bit .
bulat terdekat =
7. E = -
13 _
GeV = -0.27755 er = -4.447.10 -2%
2
7

41 a) A tepat disumbu nd
→ ✗ dany → ✗
2-
ya .
n =3

B → dominansumbu 2 > nd } ,
n = 3

C diantarasumbuydanz
→ →
ndyz .
n =3

D → diantarasumbuxdanz → ndxz ,
N =3

E → diantarasumbu ✗ dany →
ndxy .
n =3
 b) orbital tepat terada di sumbu adalah orbital nd ✗
2-
ya
dan ndz2

c) ndxz .
ndyz , ndxy penurunan energi

Susman orbital

"
/ dz2 d ✗ 2- y2
,

'
'

dxydxzdyz

d) [V ] = [ Ar ] 4s23d3

[ Ar ] 3d3
+
[ v2 ] =

7 7 7

6.626.10-34 108m / 19J

-

e) E = hc = Js .
3- S = 3.457 .
10 = 2,148 ec

7 575 .
10 -9m

5) a) Beret balmer → na -2
'

-
1 A = ✗ terbesar → Eterkecil →
na = 2 .
N2 =3

B = > na = 2 ,
Nz = 4
b) Pers .
Rydberg :

(
I RH 1
2)
=
1
_

7 pyz n
>
,

-1

(
109678cm

{ )
=
1 1
-

2
22
-
I
= 15233.05 cm

7 = 1

I
15233.05cm
-

-5 >
=
6,5645 -

10 cm .
10 nm

= 656.47 nm

c) l =
2 > n minimal 3

n = 1 dan n = 2 →
tidakdapatdite.mu/cannilail=2
M ) rent ang -
2 .
-1.0 .
1- 1 , +2

S ) t 1/2 .
_
1/2
5
[ Ar ] 452 "
[ Ar ]
' '

d) Cr 4s 3d Ge
-

=
3d =
→ tidak berpasangan
N =
[ He ] 2522ps → orbital 2s terpenuhi .
3e
-

tidal berpasangan
pert .
e- tidak berpasangan = 6 = 2

e) EI dan EI
perbedaan →
2 }

>
elektron ketigasulitdilepas
Maka .
atom bervalensi 2 > atom Ca
 '
6) a) Li = 1522s

b) E = hc → ✗ = he = 6.626-10-34 Js . 3.108m / s = 1.014.10 -8m

7 E 122.5 ( 1.6.10 -19J )

=
10.14 nm

RH 22
(
c) E
)
= 1 1
-

2
MIZ Mz

GeV 32
( 11
13

¥2 )
= '
'
_

= 117,5 eV

d) E = 117.5 eV ✗ 1. 6-10-19 J ✗ 6.022 -

1023

= 11337146.43J / not

= 11337.15 KJ / MOI
7) a) Etransisi n :3 > n'-1 7 Etransisi n =
4 in = 2

↳ E3 RH ( ) (÷
1 13.6 eV

1g 1
→ a = 1 = = 1-2-09 er
-
,

\ , ,

12
2
n Nz

E4 RH
( f )
2.55 ell

y
-12
=
1 ± = 13.6 eV 1 ʰ =

- -

2 ,
n, n, 22 y
,

b) Energi ambang batas :

E =
hf = 6.626 .
10
-
34
Js .
6.71.1014 Hz = 4.45 . 10 -18J

Energi foton :

E RH 2. 1-8-10 -18J
-18J
( 1- ) 4,1
=
1 1.9368 10

} /
= = -

- ,

2 2 , ,
My Nz

Energi Kinetik :

Éfoton Éambang 18J 19J 18J

- -

1.9368
-

batas =
10 4.45.10 1,492 10
-
. - = .

8) a) 39.1 g = 6.022.1023 molekul

109 ' 10 . 6.022 .

1023 molekul = 1.54 -
1023 molekul

39.1

-19
-
19
b) 106965J = 6.945.10 (÷ 1.6.10 J )

1. 54 . 1023 molekuj diubah Ke EV

= 4.340 ev

c) E = he > ✗ = he = 6,626 . 10-34 Js . 3. 108m15

✗ E 6.945 .
10-7-95
>
2.862
-

= .
10 m

= 286.22 nm
g) a) E = he

'
I 7 paschen = he = 6,626.10-3 " Js -
3-7-08 m/s ( ✗ 109 nm ) →
m diubahkenm

E 1.5.10
-

19J M

= 1325 nm

- I ✗
balmer = hc = 6.626 .
10-34 Js . 3- 108m15 ( ✗ 109 nm ) → mdiubahke nm

✗ -19
4 .
10 J M

= 497 nm

1
Flyman he 6.626-10-34 JS 108m15 ( ✗ 109mm ) → Mdiubahke nm
'

=
-
=

7 1.9.10
-

18J m

= 104,6 nm

178-1018 (6)
) ( 1- ¥ )
>
RH 22
2
E
( 1-
-

b) =
2. 736 10 y
1-
= = .

- -

2 ,
n
nz2 12
,

"
1023
'

E = 7.36 -
10 x 6,022 .
molekul

>
= 4.43.10 J / Mol

C) C =
152 2522102
↳ c3+ = 1522s
≥

↳ n = 2 ,
l :O , m :O .
S = -
1/2

d) C = 152252 2p2 ) 1 1

c3ᵗ =
1522s ' ' I
gtidakberpasangan
1 =
paramagnetic
C5ᵗ = 1st > 7

e) E = hc = 6.626 .
10-34 Js .
3. 108m15 = 1,89 .
10
-

18J
✗ 105 .
10 -9m

E = 1.89 .
10
-

18J × G. 022 . 1023 molekul

"
= 1140 KJ / MOI '
lebih Kecil dari EI ( 2420kt / moi ) > ion C tidakterionisasi

f) Li dan Sr
10 ) at Hubungan frekuensi c) transisi ↳ na konstan In =
1)

(÷
E- RH
)
=

_
1 =
hf Semakin besar na
, ≥
na , semakin Kecil 1 I hf Makin besar

2
Nz

Maka ,
2.466 . 10^-5 ) n = 2 Ken =
? 3 . 157 . 10^-5 s n = 5 Ken = 1

2. 923 . 10^-5 I n =3 Ken :

1 3. 197 . 10^-5 I n = 6 ke n = 1

3. 083-10^-5 ) n : 4 Ken : 1

b) transisi n :3 In = 1

E = h .

f = 6,626 .
10-34 Js .
2,923.10^-5 = 1,937.10-18 J

E = 1,937.10 -18J ✗ 6. 022.1023 molekol = 1.166 -

106J / mol
"
c) frekuensi ~ /a ( berbandingterbalik )
↳ 71 > Az > 73 > 74 > 75

✗a 72 " -

I >

panjang gelombang
d) transisi n : 2 ' n'-1

(
E hf
2)
= = RH 1 ᵗ
-

My
2
n >
ubahkem
-1
( E =
%)
6. 626-10-34 Js (2.466.101511-2)
(
RH
)
=
1 1 1 =
E
_

12 22 7 hc

RH = 1. 6339.10 -18J = 2. 178-10 -18J

1- 0.25 6,626.10 -345s ( 3- 108m /s )

10 -18J
> -
1
= 2.178 -

= 1.096.10 m

e) Ionisasi >
mengeksitasidarikulitdasarjaditakhingga.na-1.no :O)

hf
(
E RH 1
)
= = ?
-

2
My nzz

178-10-18
4
2.
)
=
1 £
-

12 *
2

= 2,178-10 -18J × 6. 022-1023 molekul = 1,311 - 103 KJ / MOI

111 at 7 ~ 1 ( berbandingterbalik )

Spektrum paling Kanan ( ✗ terbesar ) < > energi terendah dari n = 4 In :3

Spektrum pertamadisebelah Kiri adalah n -5 > n :3

-

1) B 1
energi keduaterendah .
n : 4 in :3

A >
energi ketigaterendah .
n :b In :3

b) Pers .
Rydberg :

RH 22
( ) / DIAZ )
1 1
'

7A n 2

RH 22
( ) ( )
1 1 ±
,

✗B ?
naps N2 132

RH 22
( ) ( )
1 1 1
_

✗µ 32 62
=

RH 22
( ( )
1

)
1 ±
_

142.5 nm 32 52

7A = 121.6hm

c) RH 22
( )
1 = 1 1
_

✗ B
n
1132 n
2,32

) (
1

(
1
)
-

=
109678C M . 1cm .
I I
-

32 52
142,5 nm 107mm

C diubah ke nm

2 = 3 → 3 proton

jikahanyaada 1- e- → muatan total ion Z -

1 = +2
 10-3
"
1- 2)
a) E = he → a = he = 6,626 . JS '
3 -
108m / s = 4,886 .
10
-
>
m = 488,6 nm

✗ E 245 KJ /may ✗ 10-3 × 1

6. 022 . 1023J

KJ diubahke J , dibagi I / permol

b) Ag = 47 .
CI =
17

10

Ag = [ Kr ] 551 4d

CI = [ Ne ] 352 3ps
c) Ag =
[ Kr ] 551 4d 10

↳ n = 5 ,
l :O ,
M :O ,
s = +
1/2 atau -

1/2

d) Ag = [ Kr ] 551 4dʰ°

↳ 1 → 1- e- tidal berpasangan → paramagnetik

e) isoelektronik → jumlah e- berjumlah Sama

↳
'

Cl
diperlukan 18 e- agorjumlah elektron =

hans lebih Kecil ukurannya >

gaya tarik intiyanglebihbesaruntuk menstruation lebih Kecil .

" "+
Maka . dipilih ion positif periode 4 = Kt ,
Ca
"
. so . Ti

f) bidangxydiontarasumbuxda.my
Orbital dxy ) Pada

Orbital dx ? -
y2→ tepat di sumbu ✗ dany
2
n
^

Y
1 -

J x J

d ✗
2
-

y
2
dxy
 1. 3) a) He = 152

↳ kulit n -1
-

. Pendekatan Bohr :

E RH 22
( )
=
1 £ 2
→ 2 =

2 2
My Nz

2,178-10-18 (2)
( 1-12
2

£2 )
=

'

→
Kareena ionisasi .
n ≥
= 1 . N2 =D

= 8 .
712 .
10
-

18J ÷ 1.6 .
10
-

19J

J diubah ke EV

=
54.45 eV

b) % gal at = ( Eteoritis -

Eeksperimen ) .
100%

Eeksperimen
=
(54,45 -
24,857) . 100%
24.857

= 119.05 %

c)
Eeksperimen < Eteoritis → ada interaksi yong melemahkansehinggaenergijadilebihrendah
interaksi totals menolak disebabkan olehtolakon antara Is dengon Is lainnyasehingga
nilaiberbeda

d) RH 22
)
E
( 1-
=

-
1-
2 2
N1 Nz

18 2
(2)
-

4
=
2.178 10

)
.
1 £
-

2
12 @

=
8 .
712 .
10
-

18J ÷ 1,6 .
10
-
19
J

J diubah ke EV

= 54.45 eV

e) % gal at = ( Eteoritis -

Eeksperimen ) .
100%

Eeksperimen
=
(54.45 -
54.4) . 100%

54.4

=
0.092 %

↳ perbedaan Sangat Kecil = akurat → mode Bohr akuratuntuk atom sepertihidrogen Chaya 1- e- )
14 ) a) Hg = 80

Hg = [ Xe ] 6524£14 5210

= [ ✗ e) 4£14 5d 10652

b) Hg = [ ✗ e ] 4-1145110652

↳ 1L = orbital terpenuhi '

diamagnetik
" 10
c) ion terbentuk =
Hg
Zt
, [ Xe ] 4ft 5d

d) lebih Kecil dari Sinar ✗ < 400hm

Sinar UV > 7 tampak '

↳ A dalam renting UV = 184.45 nm ; 253.7hm ; 365.4 nm .

e) E : he

"
'
I E : he = 6.626 .
10-3 JS -
3. 108m15 = 1,077 .
10 -18J
7 184.45 nm × 10 -9m → nmdiubah Kem

-
) E =
he = 6.626 .
10-34 Js .
3. 108m / S :
7,835 .
10 -19J
7 253.7 nm ✗ 10 -9m → nm diubah ke m

10-34 Js 108m / s 19J

-

-
l E =
he 6.626 . .
3. = 5.44 .
10

7 365,4 nm ✗ 10 -9m → nm diubahkem

15 ) a) K : 19

K =
[ Ar ] 4s '
2
Ti =
[ Ar ] 452 3d

°
Fe = [ Ar ] 452 3d

[ Kr ] 552 4d
10
Cd =

b) ion terbentuk : K = + 1

Ti = + 2 ( +4 dengonoksidator kuat )

Fe = +2 ( 1- 3 dengonoksidator kuat )

Cd = +2

c) kulit Sama dilihatmuatan inti

Jari -

jari ditentukanjumlahkulit.ji.ca .

muaton inti besar =

atomnya ion Tori Kon yong kuatdengon muaton inti Kecil

muaton spesi besar = spesi kehilangan bonyak e- → muaton inti efektif ( Zeff ) besar → r Kecil
+ 2+ 2T
"
↳ Maka Cd > K > Ti > Fe
,