8086

1. It is an enhanced version of 8085 microprocessor designed by Intel in 1976.

2. 16 bit microprocessor: 16 bit data bus and 20 bit address bus

3. Operation mode
Max mode: Multiprocessor system
Min mode: Single processor system

4. Total memory capacity: 1MB

5. 40 pin IC

6. Operating voltage of 5V

7. Operating frequency is 5MHz

8. 8086 support pipeline structure

Memory Segmentation (Non-overlapping):
Interrupt structure of 8086
Closely-coupled multiprocessor systems: It contain multiple CPUs that are connected at
the bus level. These CPUs may have access to a central shared memory, or may
participate in a memory hierarchy with both local and shared
memory. Mainframe systems with multiple processors are often closely -coupled.

Loosely-coupled multiprocessor systems: It is based on multiple standalone single or

dual processor commodity computers interconnected via a high speed communication
system.
Closely Coupled Loosely Coupled
1. Contains multiple CPUs
1. These are based on
that are connected at the bus
multiple standalone signal
level. These CPU may have
or dual processor
access to a central shared
interconnected via a high
memory or may participate
speed communication
in a memory hierarchy with
system.
local and shared memory.
2. They perform better and
2. Opposite to closely
are physically smaller than
coupled.
loosely coupled system.
3. More expensive. 3. Less Expensive.
4. The delay experienced is
short, data rate is high, 4. Delay is large, data rate is
number of bits transferred low
per second is large.