CHAPTER 3 ADVANTAGE OF CONTENT ANALYSIS

1. Looks directly at communication via text or transcript

CONTENT AND CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS 2.
3.
Allow both quantitative and qualitative operations
Provide valuable historical insights over time
4. Allow closeness to text that can alternate specific categories and
CONTENT ANALYSIS – research method for studying documents and
relationship
communication artifacts from various formats, picture, audio or video
5. Interpret text for purposes like development of expert system
DICTIONARY-BASED APPROACH – Control the distribution of words and
6. Analyze interactions
respective categories over text
7. Provide insight to human thought and language use
QUANTITATIVE APPROACH – Transform categories into quantitative statistical
8. Relatively exact research method
data
5 TYPES OF TEXT IN CONTENT ANALYSIS
DISADVANTAGE
1. Written text such as books and papers
1. Time consuming
2. Oral text such as speech and theatrical performance
2. Subject to increase error
3. Iconic text like drawing, painting, icon
3. Attempts liberally to draw meaningful inferences
4. Audio-visual text- TV programs, movies, videos
4. Reductive
5. Hypertexts – found on internet
5. Too often to simply word counts
TYPES OF CONTENT ANALYSIS
6. Disregard the context that produce the text
CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS – Existence and frequency of context in a text
7. Difficult to automate or computerize
RELATIONAL ANALYSIS – Examining the relationship among concepts in a text
CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS – Analysis of text to assess text within context of
HOW TO USE CONTENT ANALYSIS
historical setting
1. Prepare a coding schedule consist of a table where each row is a unit
which data is being collected
IMPORTANCE OF CONTEXT IN ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
2. Coding manual is produces to accompany coding schedule; listing code
HISTORICAL CONTEXT – Social, religious, economic, and political condition existed
for each category
during certain time and place
3. Elements of content are described and organized using coding
SUBTEXT – Refers to secondary and implied meaning. Embrace emotional or
4. Categories are used to describe information emerge from data
intellectual message implied by document or object.
5. Coded content is analyzed for trends, patterns, relationship, similarities

ISSUES OF RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY

RELIABILITY – Stability or consistency of date over a period of time

REPRODUCIBILITY – Tendency for a group of coders to classify categories
membership in the same way
AACURACY – Classification of text correspond to standards or norm
statistically
CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 6
IDENTIFICATION OF THE HISTORICAL HISTORICAL SOURCES FOR ASSESSMENT AND
IMPORTANCE OF THE TEXT ANALYSIS
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE – Used to evaluate what was significance about HISTORICAL SOURCES FOR ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS
selected evets, people and developments in the past.
1. CHRONICLES 2. DECLARATION OF PH 3. MEMOIRS
4. PROCLAMATION 5. CARTOONS 6. SPEECH
CRITERA ON ASSESSING HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SOURCES
CUSTOMS OF THE TAGALOGS
RELEVANCE – Is it important to people living at the time? - Distinctions made among the priest of the devils
1. CATOLONAN – Either a man or wamn, rule general in island
RESONANCE – Who were affected by the event? 2. MANGAGAUAY – Witches who deceived by pretending to heal the sick
REMARKABLE – Was the event remarked by people 3. MANYISALAT – Same as mangagauay; has the power of applying
remedies to lovers that they would abandon and despise their own wives;
REMEMBERED – Was the event important at some stage within the collective prevent them to have intercourse with the latter. If woman is abandoning
memory of groups it would bring sickness to her.
REVEALING – Does it reveal some aspects of the past? 4. MANCOCOLAM – Duty was to emit fire from himself at night at himself
once a month.
RESULTING IN CHARGE – Does it have consequences for the future? 5. HOCLOBAN – Witch greater than mangagauay. Without medicine or by
saluting or raising hand, they killed whom they choose, destroy house of
DURABILITY – For how long have people’s live been affected?
Indians hostile to them without instruments, Catanduanes area.
QUANTITY – How many people were affected? 6. SILAGAN – If they saw anyone clothed to white, tear their liver causing his
death; Catanduanes
PROFUNDITY – Was the event superficial or deeply affecting? 7. MAGTATANGAL – Show himself at night to many persons without heads
or entrails, in morning it returns to her body.
8. OSUANG – Equivalent to sorcerer, fly, murdered men and ate their flesh,
ISSUES ON ASSESSING HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE Visayan Island.
9. MANGAGAYOMA – Made charms for lovers our of herbs, stones and
1. Our view on historical significance is shaped by contemporary context
wood that infuse the heart
and depends on our own values, interest and knowledge
10. SONAT – Equivalent to preacher; to help one to die at which time he
2. History is written by the victor. Historical significance is how we define
predicted the salvation or condemnation of the soul
the past events that current writer of history deems important
11. PANGATOHOJAN – Soothsayer and predicted the future
3. Historical significance is relative and varies from location to location of
12. BAYOGUIN – Signified a cotquean, man whose nature inclined toward
the one doing the evaluation.
that of woman
 KARTILYA NG KATIPUNAN NI EMILIO JACINTO
1 ANG BUHAY NA HINDI GINUGOL SA
ISANG MALAKI AT BANAL NA
KADAHILANAN AY KAHOY NA WALANG
LILIM, KUNDI DAMONG MAKAMANDAG
3 ANG TUNAY NA KABANALAN AY ANG
PAGKAKAWANGGAWA, ANG PAG-IBIG
SA KAPWA AT ANG ISUKAT ANG BAWAT
KILOS, GAWA’T PANGUNGUSAP SA
TALAGANG KATUWIRAN
5 ANG MAY MATAAS NA KALOOBAN,
INUUNA ANG PURI KAYSA PAGPIPITA SA
SARILI, ANG MAY HAMAK NA
KALOOBAN, INUUNA ANG PAGPIPITA SA
SARILI KAYSA SA PURI
7 HUWAG MONG SAYANGIN ANG
PANAHON, ANG YAMANG NAWALA’Y
MANGYAYARING MAGBALIK, NGUNIT
PANAHONG NAGDAAN AY DI NA MULA
PANG MAGDADAAN
9 ANG MGA TAONG MATALINO’Y ANG
MAY PAG-IINGAT SA BAWAT SASABIHIN,
MATUTONG IPAGLIHIM ANG DAPAT
IPAGLIHIM
12 ANG DI MO GAWIN SA ASAWA MO,
ANAK AT KAPAATID AY HUWAG MONG
GAGAWIN SA ASAWA, ANAK AY
KAPATID NG IBA.
PAGHIRANG SA SUPREMO BILANG HARI DAKILANG PARANGAL SA
PAGDATING NG SUPREMO
9 NA KILOMETRO – Noveleta to San Francisco Malabon
2 ANG GAWANG MAGALING NA
NAGBUHAT SA SARILI AT HINDI BALANTIK NA KAWAYANG MAY WATAWAT – Tanda ng maringal na pagsalubong
TALAGANG NASANG GUMAWA NG at maligayang pagbati sa dakilang panauhin.
KAGALINGAN AY DI KABAITAN
BANDA NG MUSIKA – Sumalubong kay Bonifacio
4 MAITIM MAN O MAPUTI ANG KULAT KAMPANA – Nirupiki ng nasa pintuan na si Bonifacio
NG BALAT, LAHAT NG TAO’Y
ARANYA AT DAMBANA – Pawang may sindi ng ilaw
MAGKAKAPANTAY, MANGYAYARING
ANG ISA’Y HIHIGTAN SA DUNONG, PADRE MANUEL TRIAS – Naghihintay sa mga panauhin
YAMAN, SA GANDA… NGUNIT DI
MAHIHITAN SA PAGKATAO TE DEUM – Kinanta hanggang dambana
BB, ESTEFANIA POTENTE – Bahay na tinuluyan nina Bonifacio
6 SA TAONG MAY HIYA, ANG SALITA
AY MAY PANUNUMPA PAMAHALAANG MAGDIWANG – Gumanap sa malon ng inihandang
pagpaparangal
8 IPAGTANGGOL MO ANG INAAPI, ANDRES BONIFACIO – Supremo, ang pinakamataas na tungkulin sa haring bayan
BAKAHIN ANG UMAAPI
HEN. MARIANO ALVAREZ – Vi Rey ng pamunuan, Pangalawang hari,
10 SA DAANG MATINIK NG BUHAY, 12 BAYAN – Nasasakupan na hindi naliligaling sa anumang laban,
LALAKI SYANG PATNUGOT NG ASAWA
AT MGA ANAK; KUNG ANG UMAAKAY
MAGDIWANG AT MAGDALO – 2 Pamununag magpipisan
AY TUNGO SA SAMA, ANG VIVA TAGALOG – Mga hiyawan
PATUTUNGUHAN NG INAAKAY AY
8 BAYAN SA PAMAHALAANG MAGDALO – Nagigimbal sa paghahanap s amga
KASAMAAN DIN
kalaban
11 ANG BABAE AY HUWAG MONG HEN. MARIANO NORIEL AT HEN. PIO DEL PILAR – Mga namuno sa labanan
TINGNANG ISANG BAGAY NA
LIBANGAN LAMANG KUNDI ISANG ILOG ZAPOTE – Muling namula sa dugo ng mga kalaban.
KATUWANG AT KARAMAY SA MGA
KAHIRAPAN NITONG BUHAY, GAMITIN
MO NG BUONG PAGPIPITAGAN ANG
KANYANG KAHINAAN AT ALALAHANIN
ANGG INANG PINAGBUHARAN AT
NAG-IWI SA IYONG KASANGGULAN
 THE ACT OFF DECLARATION OF PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE CHAPTER 7
- In the town of Cavite-Viejo, province of Cavite, JUNE 12,1898
THE FIRST MASS SITE IN THE PHILIPPINES
ABROSIO RIANZARES BAUTISTA – War counsellor and special delegate; designated to
proclaim and solemnize the Declaration of Independence Day
THE FIRST VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD – ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
GEN. BLANCO – Issue a decree of unjust deportation of illustrious Filipino
LADRONE ISLAND – 3 Island
GOV. MIGUEL LOPEZ DE LEGAZPI – First Gov. Gen in the Philippines.
SATURD, MARCH 16, 1521 – Arrive in Island named zamal
FERDINAND MAGELLAN – Landed on the shored of cebu, occupied the islands by
COCHI – Fruit with palm trees bear
means of Pact of Friendship with Chief tupas
PALMITO – Tree which liquor comes out in drops down the tree like white must
CHIEF KALIPULAKO – Provoke the battle of Mactan sweet, bitter
DON EMILIO AGUINALDO – President of the Republic establick in Biak-na-Bato COCHO - Fruit of palmito

CAVITE MUTINY – San Felipe in Caviteo on January 21, 1872 HUMUNU - Land with two springs

3 PRINCIPAL ISLAND OF THE LUZON ARCHIPELAGO: LUZON, VISAYAS, PANAY

WATERING PLACE OF GOOD SIGN – Very fresh water found first sign of gold

ARCHIPELAGO OF ST. LAZARUS – Saint and feast of St. Lazarus

RED, BLUE, WHITE – Commemorate the US flag
MARCH 22 – SCHIONE – Gold rings suspended in ears of the people
8 RAYS IN THE PHILIPPINE FLAG
MANILA, CAVITE, BULACAN, PAMPANGA, NUEVA ECIJA, BATAAN, LAGUNA, CAPHRE - People wear holes in ears so large
BATANGAS
MARCH 25 – Monday of Passion Week
ARCHIBALD MACLEISH- democracy must be defended by arms when it is attacked by MARCH 28 – Thursday – saw small boat called Boloto
rams and with truth when it is attacked by lies
TRAPROBANA – Captain’s slave from Sumatra
PAINTINGS
Spolarium (1884) by Juan Luna; oil on canvas 4.22 m x 7.675m, National Museum of BALLANGHAI – Two long boats
Fine Arts
RAIA CALAMBU – Painted king of Zuluan Island
Raiders of the Sulu Sea: (2008) 46 Mins Documentary
Fort Pilar- Spain’s last stronghold in Philippine south RAIA SIANI – Painted king of Calagan Island
Slave raiding as retaliation On colonizers
Lanong, Garay, Salisipan- 3 sophisticated ships MARCH 31 - Easter, the captain sent the chaplain to say mass in shore
Pirate Monsoon- well-organized forces between July-October
Panglima Taupan- Balangingi Leader, exiled in Cagayan ABA – Their God
Dela Cruz Nuno- Mass Nuno, Ancestor of present Nunoclan of Zamboanga
 BUTUAN OR LIMASAWA? THE SITE OF THE FIRST MASS IN THE PHILIPPINES: A 18TH CENTURY
REEXAMINATION OF THE EVIDENCE
COLIN - Mindanao – largest island in size
PIFAGETTA – First mass celebrated on Easter, March 31, 1521 in Mazaua
DANAO – Means LAKE
2 CHIEFTAINS ATTEND: Rajah of Mazaua, Rajah of Butuan
MAGUINDANAO – Place and dwellers of lake
MAZAUA – Litte island south of leyte called Limasawa and Masao
CARAGA – 1ST Province that faces the sea across new spain (Mexico)
FRAY JUAN DE LA CONCEPCION – One Historian who made error
BUTUAN TRADITION
- Monument erected in 1872 near the mouth of Agusan
19TH CENTURY
- Monument is a brick pillar with marble slab
- Commemorate Magellan’s arrival and First mass Celebration on April 8, FR. JOAQUIN MARTINES DE ZUNIGA - Accepts the Butuan Tradition
1521
- Erected in 1872 under district governor Jose Ma. Carvallo EASTER SUNDAY 1521 - Magellan plant a cross on a hill rock near the beach
- April 8, 1521: an error or clumsy attempt to translate the original date in JOHN FOREMAN – March 16, 1521 Magellan Reach the Ladrones Island.
terms of gregrorian calendar

SHIFT IN OPINION
17th CENTURY
Due to rediscovery and attentive study of 2 primary sources namely: Pigafetts’s
FATHER FRANCISCO COLIN S.J- one of Jesuit historian, Labor Evangelica publish in account and Albo’s log
Madrid in 1663
THE EVIDENCE OF LIMASAWA
LABOR EVANGELICA - 3 volume edition annotated by Fr. Pablo Pastells S.J
1. Alba’s Log Book
HUMUNU - first island they touch, small uninhabited island near Guiuan Point
2. Pigafetta’s Evidence
BUENAS SENAS - they name the other islets
a. Testimony regarding the route
SAN LAZARO – Name of the whole archipelago
b. Pigafetta’s map
EASTER SUNDAY – First mass and the solemn planting of the cross
c. 2 native kings
FR. FRANCISCO COMBERS S.J - Wrote Historia de Mindanao y Jolo d. d. 7 days at Mazaua
FR. COMBES ACCOUNT ADMIRAL ALONSO DE MAGALLANES - Discover the e. e. Argument from omission
Archipelago
3. Summary of evidence of Albo and Pigafetta
3 POWERFUL NATION AMONG PINTADOS: CARAGA, SAMAR, ZEBU
4. Confirmatory evidence from Legazpi expedition
ZEBU – Reach mandawe on April 7, 1521
CHAPTER 8
THE CAVITE MUTINY OF 1872 FILIPINO VERSION – A RESPONSE TO INJUSTICE

2 FACES OF 1872 CAVITE MUTINY Dr. Trinidad Herminigildo Pardo de Tavera – Wrote the Filipino version of this
bloody tragedy in Cavite
2 MAJOR EVENTS HAPPEN IN 1872
Action of Filipino soldiers and workers who is dissatisfied in abolition of their
privilege
1. 1872 Cavite Mutiny
2. Martyrdom of 3 martyr priest name Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto He blamed Gov. Izquierdo for his cold-blooded policies
Zamora (GOMBURZA) JANUARY 20,1872 – 200 men rose in arms and assassinated Spanish soldiers

A. Spanish Version: Planned Conspiracy GEN. IZQUIERDO – Order reinforcement in 2 days

B. Filipino Version: A Response to Injustice FRIARS do something drastics to maintain power in PH

A. SPANISH VERSION: PLANNED CONSPIRACY CENTRAL GOVERNMENT OF SPAIN – Welcome an education decree authored by
- Jose Montero y Vidal- highlight as attempt of Indios to overthrow Spanish Segismundo Moret
government
- Gov Gen. Rafael Izquierdo-use it to implicate the native clergy who was UNVARYING TRUTH
active in call for secularization 1. Dissatisfaction among workers in arsenal after privilege were drawn back by
Gen. Izquierdo
- Main reason of revolution- Scored that the abolition of privileges enjoyed by
2. Strict and rigid policies of Gen. Izquierdo
Cavite arsenal workers like non-payments of tributes and labor force
3. Central Government failed to conduct investigation
exemption 4. Happy days of friars were numbered when Central Government in Spain
- Gen. Izquierdo- report to King of Spain that the rebels want to throw Spanish decided to deprive them from government affairs and educational
government and install a new “hari” in the likes of Father Burgos and Zamora management
- Native clergy enticed other participant by giving charismatic assurance that 5. Filipino clergy members actively participate in secularization to allow Filipino
fight will not fail because priest to hold parishes
- God is them and promise reward of enjoyment, wealth and army rank 6. Filipinos are active participants and they deemed it as injustice
- Firing of rockets in Intramuros- signal of revolution 7. GOMBURZA execution was ablunder on Spanish part.
- January 20,1872- feast of Virgin of Loreto in Sampaloc celebrated with
fireworks
- Those in Cavite mistook that fireworks is the sign so 200 men lead by
Lieutenant Lamadrid launch attack targeting Spanish authority in arsenal
- Iron-fisted Gen. Izqueirdo- order reinforcement to quell the revolution
- Lieutenant Lamadrid- killed Other were sentence to death, suspended from
law practice, life imprisonment in Marianas Island
 ANALYSIS RIZAL’S RETRACTION
CHAPTER 9 FR BALAGUER - said he receive an exact copy of retraction written and signed by
THE RETRACTION OF CONTROVERSY OF Rizal
- Received in the evening preceding Rizal’s execution
RIZAL No one claimed to have seen I except the publisher of L Voz Espanola
TEXT OF RIZAL’S ALLEGED RETRACTIONS MAY 18, 1935 – Lost original document

I declare myself a Catholic and in this religion in which I was born and SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COPIES
educated I wish to live and died 1. Instead of the words “mi cualidad” (with u) – “mi calidad” (without you)
2. Jesuits copy omit the word “Catolica” after the first “Iglesias”
I retract with all my heart whatever in my words, writings and 3. Jesuits copy add before the third “Iglesias” the word “misma”
publications. 4. Fr. Balaguer text does not begin the second paragraph until the fifth
sentences
And conduct has been contrary to my character as a son of the Catholic
5. Original text have 4 commas while Fr. Balaguer copy has 11 commas
Church. I believe and I confess whatever she teaches and I submit to whatever
6. Fr. Balaguer copy did not have the names of witness from text of
she demands. I abominate Masonry, as the enemy which is of the Church and as a newspaper in manila
society prohibited by the Church 7. 20 YEARS LATER – Fr. Balaguer name the witness Senor Fresno, Chief of
The Diocesan Prelate may, as the Superior Ecclesiastical Authority, make the Picket and Senor Moure, Adjutant of the Plaza
8. FR. BALAGUER – Dictate to Rizal the short formula, he Receive 2 orinigal
public this spontaneous manifestation of mine in order to repair the scandal
copies
which my acts may have caused and so that God and people may pardon me
▪ CHANGES WHICH YOU WAS MADE
▪ THAT OF THE ARCHBISHOP (EXACT COPY)

4 DIFFERENT SOURCES RIZAL’S HANDWRITING

1. DECEMBER 30, 1896 – 1ST text publishes in La Voz Espanol and Diaro de
DECEMBER 30, 1896 – 5am – teary eyed Josephine Bracken and Jose Rizal came
Manila on the very day of Rizal’s execution, December 30,1896
2. DECEMBER 31, 1896 – 2ND Text appeared in El Imparcial after Rizal’s AGENT OF CUERPO DE VIGILANCIA – Rizal and Josephine we married
execution; short formula of execution
3. FEBRUARY 4, 1897 – 3RD text appears in Barcelona, Spain on February 14, JOSEPHINE – Gifted by rizal with classic Thomas a Kempis book imitation of Christ
1897 in magazine La Juventud- anonymous writer but after 14 years in which he inscribes “To my dear and unhappy wife, Josephine, Decemeber 30,
revealed as Fr. Balaguer 1896, Jose Rizal”
4. MAY 18, 1935 – Alleged “original text”; discovered by Fr. Manuel Garcua
C.M., in archdiocesan archives after it disappear for 39 years from the
afternoon of Decemeber 31, 1896
CHAPTER 10 PRES. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL – Ordered the cry be celebrated on Aug 24 and
Pugadlawin as its site.
PUGADLAWIN, BALINTAWAK OR BAHAY
TORO THE PUGADLAWIN MARKER
CRY OF REBELLION – Sweeping Spanish colonies PREVALENT ACCOUNT – Teodoro Agoncillo in Revolt of the Philippines (1956)
CRY OF DOLORES – Mexico (September 10, 1810) PUGADLAWIN – Proceed upon leaving samson’s place in afternoon of Aug 22
CRY OF MATANZA – Cuba (February 24, 1895)
AUGUST 1896 – Philippines
BONIFACIO SHOUTED
CRY – Shouting of nationalistic slogan
“Brothers. It was agreed to continue with the plan of revolt. My brothers, do you
APRIL 1895 – Pamitinan Cave “Katipunan members wrote on cave walls “Viva la Swear to repudiate the government that suppress us?
indepencia Filipina”
The rebels replied: “Yes Sir”.
TEODORA AGONCILLO – Emphasize Bonifacios tearing of cedula
That being the case, Bonifacio added: bring out your cedulas and tear them to
EMILIO AGUINALDO – Commissioned a “Himno de Balintawak” pieces to symbolize our determination to take revolt”.
SEPTEMBER 3, 1911 – Monumnet to the Heroes of 1896 was erected in They shout “Long live the Philippines, Long live the Katipinan”
intersection of EDSA
AUGUST 26, 1896 – Cry of Balintawak
PRES MACAPAGAL – Order the cry of Balintawak be called “THE CRY OF
CRY OF PUGADLAWIN – August 23, 1896 is not accurate PUGADLAWIN” Celebrated on Aug 23
PIO VALENZELA – Had several versions of the Cry MONUMENT – Installed in front of Vinzons Halls in UP DILIMAN on Nov 29, 1986
AUGUST 23-25 – Katipunan took meeting at Balintawak (September 1896) TEODORO AGONCILLO, 1982 – Place marker at Pugadlawin site
OLIVE COURT – Investigate persons involve in rebellion ADELINEA S. RODRIGUES – Quezon City mayor who create the Pugadlawin
1911 – Katipunan began the meeting on Aug 22 and the cry took place on Aug 23
at Apolonio Smason’s house in Balintawak
1928-1940 – Cry of Pugdlawin in Melchora Aquino’s house on Aug 24
1935 – VALENZUELA, PANTAS, PACHECO – First cry of revolution did not happen
in Balintawak but in a place called PUGADLAWIN
PUGADLAWIN – Part of Sitio Gulod, Banlat, Kalookan City
NHI FINDINGS TURNING POINT
1. AUGUST 1983 – Pugadlawin in Barangar Toro was inhabited by squatter THY CRY – Filipino finally rejected Spanish colonial dominion over Philippine
colonies Island by formally setting their own government.
➢ Believe it was the house of Juan Ramos not Tandang Sora
➢ Dap-dap tree is not mention by Teodoro Agoncillo, Gregorio Zaide and Pio
Valenzuela
2. PIO VALENZUELA – Main proponent of Pugadlawin
3. TEODORO AGONCILLO – Tried to locate the marker installed in August
1962
➢ NHI – Place a marker on August 23, 1984 on Seminary Road

CARTOGRAPHIC CHANGES
➢ Pugadlawin is not identified as barrios
➢ Kalookan and balintawak – mark by Spanish and American maps
➢ 1943 – Map of Manila mark Balintawak separate from Kalookan and Diliman
➢ 1956, 1987, 1990 MAPS – Confirms the existence of Barangay bahay toro but
od not define their boundaries.
➢ BALINTAWAK – No longer in Quezon but replace by Several barangay

CONLUCLUSION
➢ Pugadlawin was never officially recognized as place name on Philippine
map before World War II

➢ Pugadlawin only appear in historiography from 1928

➢ Revolution have occurred

➢ In the area of Baintawak, distinct from Kalookan and Diliman

➢ Even Pugadlawin is more romantic it is more accurate to stick to original

Cry of Balintawak