Name : Ni Komang Pande Trikayanti

Class : A4
NPM : 1741121086
Final test semantic

Question
1. What do you know about: locutionary act, illocutionary
act, and perlocutionary act?. Support your explanation with example!

2. Explain the denotative and connotative meaning! Give example!

3. What do you know about simile and personification? Give example!

4. What is deixis? How many types of deixis do you know? Explain and give
examples!

5. Find out the semantic roles of the entities (in italic) in the following sentences!
a. The window was broken by Anton
b. He got the news from a magazine
c. My bag is on the desk
d. He signed the document with an expensive pen.
e. The train has just come from Surabaya

Answer
1.
• The illocutionary act is performed via the communicative force of an
utterance, such as promising, apologizing, offering. This act is also
called the act of doing something in saying something.
Ex : It’s so hot in this room (show a request to turn on AC)
• Locutionary art is roughly equivalent to uttering certain utterance with
certain sense and reference, which again is roughly equivalent to
meaning in traditional sense.
Ex : It’s so hot in this room (the sentence refers to hot atmosphere in
this room)
• Perlocutionary act is the act that is carried out by a speaker when
making an utterance causes in certain effect on the hearer and others.
Perlocutionary act is also the act offering someone.
Ex : It’s so hot in this room (can be inferred that the first sentence is
uttered by someone while turn on the AC)
2.
 • Denotative meaning is the basic propositional meaning which
corresponds to the primary dictionary definition and based on two
structural principles; the principle of contrastiveness and the principle
of structure.
Ex : Crazy = insane (mentally unstable)

• Connotative meaning is the communicative value of an expression

over and above its purely conceptual content. It is something that goes
beyond mere referent of a word and hints at its attributes in the real
world.
Ex : Crazy = wild
3.
• Simile is a is a type of figurative language that describes something by
comparing it to something else with the words like or as.
Ex : Her heart is a pure as a water
• Personification is a type of metaphor and a common literary tool. It is
when you assign the qualities of a person to something that isn't
human or that isn't even alive, such as nature or household items.
Ex : The leaves danced on the wind.
4.
• A deixis is a word or phrase that points to the time, place, or situation
in which a speaker is speaking.
Types of deixis
✓ Person deixis person deixis clearly operates on a basic three-
part division, examplified by pronouns for first person
(I),second person (You) and third person (she, he, it). Person
deixis involves the speaker (I) and the addressee (You). deixis
is often found in many discourses which used the pronouns.
Ex : Prular form : “You must study hard to be clever”, said the
lecturer to the student
You refer to the students.
✓ Place deixis or space deixis concerns the specification of
locations relative to anchorage in the speech event. The
importance of location specification in general can be gauged
from the fact that there seem to be two basic ways of referring
to objects - by describing or naming them on the one hand and
by locating them on the other.
Ex : I plan to have a vacation to Bali after finishing my study.
Probably, I’ll be there on november.
 ✓ Time deixis can also be called as temporal deixis. Temporal
deixis functions to locate points or intervals on the time axis,
using the moments of utterance as a reference point.
Ex : based on time signal : Now, I am still a student.
Based on tense : The students are studying now (present)
✓ Social deixis concerns that aspect of sentences which reflect or
establish or are determined by certain realities of the social
situation in which the speech act occurs.
Ex : Your honour
✓ Discourse, or text, deixis concerns the use of expressions within
some expressions that utterance refers to some portion of the
discourse that contains that utterance (including the utterance
itself).
✓ Ex : Italy beat England in the final of Europe Cup , so they are
the champion.
5.
a. The window was broken by Anton (theme)
b. He got the news from a magazine (source)
c. My bag is on the desk (location)
d. He signed the document with an expensive pen. (Instrument)
e. The train has just come from Surabaya. (Source)