Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SENA
NEGOCIACIÓN INTERNACIONAL
2022
lOMoAR cPSD| 9867985
Table of contents
Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 3
1. Vocabulary.................................................................................................................................. 4
1.1 English ...................................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 Spanish ..................................................................................................................................... 6
2. Summary .................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1 English ...................................................................................................................................... 9
2.2 Spanish ................................................................................................................................... 11
INTRODUCTION
It is important to read and analyze texts in English, in this way we can learn even more
about the structure that has the fact of wanting, knowing and applying this second
language not only professionally but also personally, which provides new opportunities for
people who want to study, work or live in another country in the world, in addition,
through this activity we will handle the preposition of place and the different types of
sentences.
Next, through this reading we will touch on topics that were mentioned above.
lOMoAR cPSD| 9867985
1. Vocabulary
1.1 English
Agreement: It is a determination made by two or more states, individuals or
companies. The final decision of an agreement is the result of a negotiation process
between the different parties.
Barter: It is the exchange of goods and services for other objects, without the use of
money.
Central bank: A government agency that regulates the banking and monetary
system of a country.
Customs duties: These are taxes levied directly or indirectly on the import of
products or goods from foreign countries.
Domestic sales: They are all those individuals and companies such as: government
agencies, private businesses, service companies which must purchase products, equipment
and services to operate their businesses for profit or not for profit.
the United Kingdom), which have delegated part of their sovereignty to common
Export: The activity of selling or shipping goods or services produced in your home
country to a foreign country.
Foreign market: Also known as the external market is that which corresponds to the
economic activities carried out by a country with the rest of the world. This includes the
purchase and sale of goods and services, as well as the movement of capital.
Import license: This is the administrative act by which authorization is granted for
imports of goods under the prior license regime, which constitutes the supporting
document for filing the import declaration with the customs authority.
Law: It is the norm or rule that is approved through specific procedures by the
authority of a State and that contains determined regulation of certain areas of people's
lives.
into outputs. Therefore, production is any activity that takes advantage of resources and
raw materials to be able to elaborate or manufacture goods and services, which will be
used to satisfy a need.
Tariff rate: A tariff is a tax or charge levied only on goods that are imported or
exported. The most common is the one levied on imports. There are two types of tariffs,
ad-valorem and specific tariffs. From the combination of these two, the mixed tariff is
generated.
Tax: It is a tax paid to the State to support public expenditures. These mandatory
payments are required from both individuals and legal entities.
1.2 Spanish
Acuerdo: Es una determinación que toman dos o más Estados, personas o empresas.
La decisión final de un acuerdo es el fruto de un proceso de negociación entre las distintas
partes.
Aval: Es un contrato por el que una persona física o jurídica garantiza o asegura el
cumplimiento de obligaciones, asumiendo el pago una deuda de otra persona si esta no lo
realiza.
Código de Valoración del GATT: Acuerdo relativo a la Aplicación del artículo VII
del GATT, concluido en 1979, estableció un sistema positivo de valoración en aduana
basado en el precio realmente pagado o por pagar por las mercancías importadas.
Impuesto: Es un tributo que se paga al Estado para soportar los gastos públicos.
Estos pagos obligatorios son exigidos tantos a personas físicas, como a personas jurídicas.
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2. Summary
2.1 English
A Colombian company that wants to export goods to another country must know the
laws that govern it?
Firstly, when we talk about compliance with foreign legislation, we refer to the laws
and regulations that the country imposes at the time of importing or acquiring a good from
abroad, so that the exporter will not have any inconvenience when selling its product. In
addition, it should be noted that it is not advisable for the exporter to rely on the
information that the buyer may provide about the foreign legislation of their nation. That is
why it is important that Colombian companies that want to export their goods to other
countries, the first thing to do is to seek advice from third parties, whether they are lawyers
or government entities.
In foreign legislation there are sector or industry standards. In this case the European
Community requires that in order to import products from abroad they must take into
account the foreign safety standard that was assigned to certain important goods. It is also
essential that the manufacturer has at hand a technical construction dossier that will
support its declaration together with a person in charge of representing the European
community. It is also crucial to have the ISO 9000 quality standards present when
exporting to the European continent.
Foreign customs laws are also a point that is discussed within foreign legislation and
in this case we are talking about when Colombia imposes certain quotas on the amount of
product that can enter the country. In other words, the Colombian government must be at
the top of the list compared to any other country. Therefore, not just any foreign country
can enter the country in large quantities of a good or merchandise as if this does not affect
the national production. For this reason, the Colombian government and any other country
are responsible for creating certain laws and regulations that oblige the exporter to comply
with them so that the good or product can enter the country successfully.
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Foreign agencies also have their own rules; in this case the government prioritizes
goods that are manufactured in the country of origin.
Finally, another factor that is mentioned in foreign legislation is the value added
taxes that frequently occur in production and distribution; they are usually applied to
imported goods, i.e., in addition to customs duties the importer will be obliged to pay a
value added tax, which in many cases is usually higher than traditional sales taxes. For this
reason, the manufacturer must analyze whether the good will be competitive in the foreign
market.
Oh! I almost forgot to mention the specialized laws. These laws prohibit the
importation of certain products; in the case of the United States, there are laws that regulate
all products manufactured in the country and others that do not apply to goods that are
manufactured for export. For this reason, it is important to know the special laws of the
foreign country before manufacturing and signing a sales agreement.
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2.2 Spanish
¿Una empresa de Colombia que quiera exportar una mercancía hacia otro país deberá
conocer las leyes que lo rigen?
Las leyes aduaneras extranjeras también son un punto que se discute dentro de la
legislación extranjera y en este caso estamos hablando de cuando Colombia impone ciertas
cuotas en la cantidad de producto que puede entrar al país. En otras palabras, el gobierno
colombiano debe estar a la cabeza de la lista en comparación con cualquier otro país. Por
lo tanto, no cualquier país extranjero puede ingresar al país grandes cantidades de un bien o
mercancía como si esto no afectara la producción nacional. Por esta razón, el gobierno
colombiano y el de cualquier otro país se encargan de crear ciertas leyes y regulaciones que
obligan al exportador a cumplirlas para que el bien o producto pueda ingresar al país con
éxito.
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¿?
Si, aunque su proceso y documentación es especial, dado que las ventas son hacia
gobiernos, propiedades y entidades de las misma. Además, pueden exigirse licitaciones,
avales, certificaciones, entre otras. Cuando se habla de compras por parte del gobierno
están suelen tener derecho a exenciones de derechos de aduana, cuotas o licencias de
importación.
Los organismos del exterior también llevan a cabo sus propias reglas, en este caso el
gobierno prioriza los bienes que se fabrican en el país de origen.
Por último, otro factor que se menciona en la legislación extranjera son los impuestos
sobre el valor añadido que frecuentemente se dan en la producción y distribución; suelen
aplicarse a los bienes importados, es decir, que además de los derechos de aduanas el
importador se verá obligado a pagar un impuesto sobre el valor añadido, que en muchos
casos este suele ser más elevado que los impuestos tradicionales de venta. Por esta razón el
fabricante deberá analizar, si el bien podrá ser competitivo en el mercado extranjero.
¡Oh! Casi me olvido de mencionar las leyes especializadas. Estas leyes prohíben la
importación de determinados productos, en el caso de los estados unidos existen leyes que
regulan todos los productos fabricados en el país y otras no se aplican a aquellos bienes
que se fabrican para su exportación. Por este motivo es importante conocer las leyes
especiales del país extranjero antes de fabricar y llevar a cabo un acuerdo de venta.
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Types of sentences
Declarative - Colombian companies that want to export their products to
other countries, the first thing to do is to seek advice from third
parties, whether they are lawyers or government entities.
- In foreign legislation there are sector or industry standards.
Exclamatory - Oh! Yes, of course.
- Oh! I almost forgot to mention the specialized laws.
Interrogative - A Colombian company that wants to export goods to another
country must know the laws that govern it?
- Is public procurement part of compliance with foreign
legislation?
Imperative - The European Community requires that when importing
products from abroad, the foreign safety standard assigned to
certain important goods must be taken into account.
- The Colombian government and the government of any other
country is in charge of creating certain laws and regulations
that oblige the exporter to comply with them so that the good or
product can enter the country successfully.
4. Graphic
15
16
Conclusion
Thanks to this evidence I was able to reinforce my writing, reading and
comprehension skills in English. In addition, I was able to learn a new topic about
compliance with foreign laws, where they talked about several factors involved in this
issue and that are important for exporting companies, because if they do not know the laws
and regulations governing the importing country, could present many problems and even
prohibit the entry of a good or the goods would be seized.
That is why through this evidence, in addition to knowing these factors that are
crucial when exporting a good abroad, it was also possible to handle the preposition of
place and the different types of sentences.