UNIT 1 :Investigate Matter

Module -1 Lesson 3:

Physical and chemical change

Changes in Matter
• Matter can be changed in many ways.
• Physical change begins and ends with the same kinds of matter.
• Chemical change (chemical reaction) is a change that produces new
matter with different properties from the original matter.
• The law of conservation of mass states that matter is neither created
nor destroyed during a physical change or chemical reaction .
• For example, when you mix backing soda with vinegar ,particles in the
baking soda and vinegar link up in new ways.
• During the chemical change, bubbles form and solid is left behind .
• The new substances formed have different properties than the starting
materials.
 Examples of Physical Changes
•Crumpling a sheet of aluminum foil
•Melting an ice cube
•Casting silver in a mold
•Breaking a bottle
•Boiling water
•Shredding paper
•Cutting hair
•Cutting hair
•Dissolving sugar in water
•Crushing or breaking rock
•Changes in state of matter
•Water Cycle
 Examples of Chemical Changes
•Burning wood
•Souring milk
•Digesting food
•Cooking an egg
•Heating sugar to form caramel
•Baking a cake
•Rusting of iron
•Photosynthesis
•Decomposers
•Rotting
Reversable and irreversible
• Reversable: a change can go forward and backward. It doesn’t results
in new substance .
• Irreversible: a change results in one or more new substance .
Signs of chemical change
• Chemical change produce new substance. Often you can see , hear , or smell
the formation of new substances as a chemical change occurs.
• 1.Change in color the change from shiny metal to rust and tarnish shows
that certain metals have chemically change.
• 2.Change in odor have you ever toasted marshmallows over a campfire? An uncooked
marshmallows has little odor. while marshmallows toasting ,it gives off a pleasant smell.
This change in odor is evidence of a chemical change.
• 3.Temperature Change many reactions cause matter to become warm or cold.
Sometimes also give off light ,like when you burn wood. However ,can also be
part of physical change like water freezing.
• 4.Formation of a Gas bubbles or fizzing can indicate the release of a gas.
for example, dropping antacid tablets into water will release bubbles that are
the result of chemical change. Bubbles in soda are not a result of a chemical
change.
• 5.Formation of a solid chemical reaction of some solution can form a solid . One
example is soap scum. soap scum forms when dissolved soap reacts with tiny particles
or minerals dissolved in tap water.
 Answer page 43
• When you have a campfire ,the fire causes a temperature change , which changes the
wood .The effects are increased temperature ,more light , and a change in odor.
 Signs of chemical
change

2.Change in odor 3.Temperature

1.Change in color
Ex. toasted Change
Ex. metal to rust
marshmallows Ex. burn wood

4.Formation of a Gas 5.Formation of a solid

Ex. baking soda and Ex. soap scum
vinegar
How could you become a chemist?
• Becoming a chemists is a noble career goal! Chemists can work in a variety of fields.
• You can start to take courses in high school to get an introduction to chemistry and
higher-level math. This can help you figure out if you want to pursue a career as a
chemist.
• If you want to become a chemist , you will take college courses in science and math .
• You will also have the opportunity to get hands-on experience working with
chemists in the field or helping with research in the lab .
• This will help you learn how to work with a team to solve problems as a chemist.
• Antoine Lavoisier the father of modern chemistry.
• His big accomplishment came from documenting very detailed experiments
that he completed (law of conservation of mass).
Answer page 45

• The
setup of the experiment is in a closed
system ,so changes that produce a gas will be
contained .this allows for conservation of mass
to be observed.
Answer page 46

• If
a chemical change occurs when materials are
mixed, you might notice a change in color ,odor ,or
temperature. New matter will be produced. If a
physical change occurs, no new matter will be
produced.
Answer page 47
•B

• The mass of the materials after they go through the

reaction would be the same as the sum of the
materials before they react. Since it is in a closed
container , if there are any gases that are a result of
the reaction , they will be part of the total mass.