HYDROXYACID

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1. Vieát coâng thöùc:
a) Acid 2-hydroxyacetic
f) Cyclobutyrol/
b)Acid -hydroxypropionic Acid -ethyl-1-hydroxycyclohexylacetic

c) Acid malic
g) Meglutol/
d) Acid citric
Acid 3-hydroxy-3-methylpentandioic

e)Acid mandelic

h) Acid gentisic/
Acid 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic

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2. Goïi teân

CH3 CHOH COOH CH3 CH2 CHOH COOH HO (CH2)3 COOH

HO CH COOH
HO CH COOH

CH2 COOH
CH2 COOH
HO CH COOH

COOH
C
COOH

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3. Thuûy phaân kieàm caùc hôïp chaát
H2O/HO
CH3 CHBr COOH CH3 CHOH COOH
Acid -bromopropionic

H2O/HO
CH3 CHCl CH2 COOH CH3 CHOH CH2 COOH
Acid -clorobutyric

H2O/HO
CH3 CHCl CH2 CH2 COOH CH3 CHOH CH2 CH2 COOH

Acid -clorovaleric

CH2 COOH H2O/HO

CH2 COOH
Cl CH COOH HO CH COOH

Acid monoclorosuccinic

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5. Hoaøn thaønh chuoãi p/öù vaø goïi teân saûn phaåm töông öùng

CH3CH2COOH Br2 / P A COOH

CH3 CH EtOH B COOEt
CH3 CH
+
H
Br Br Mg
ether khan

OH OMgBr
+
E COOH
CH3 C CH H2O/H CH3 D COOEt
C CH aceton CH3 CH
C COOEt
H3C CH3 H3C CH3 MgBr

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6. Toång hôïp acid -hydroxypropionic töø:

a.

b.

c.

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7. Thöïc hieän phaûn öùng:
a. CH3 CH CH2 HOCl CH3 CH CH2Cl KCN CH3 CH CH2 CN
OH OH +
H2O/H

CH3 CH CH2 COOH

OH
b.

H3C CH2 CH2 COOH Br2 / P H3C CH2 CH COOH H2O/HO CH3 CH2 CH COOH
Br OH
[O]
OH OMgBr
+
H2O/H C2H5MgBr
CH3 CH2 C COOH CH3 CH2 C COOH CH3 CH2 C COOH
C2H5 C2H5 O

+
c. H3C CH2 C O KCN H3C CH2 C O H2O/H
CH3 CH2 C O
Cl CN COOH
[H]

CH3 CH2 CH COOH

OH 7
7. Thöïc hieän phaûn öùng:
a. CH3 CH CH2 HOCl CH3 CH CH2Cl KCN CH3 CH CH2 CN
OH OH +
H2O/H

CH3 CH CH2 COOH

b. OH

H3C CH2 CH2 COOH Br2 / P H3C CH2 CH COOH H2O/HO CH3 CH2 CH COOH
Br OH
[O]
OH OMgBr
+
H2O/H C2H5MgBr
CH3 CH2 C COOH CH3 CH2 C COOH CH3 CH2 C COOH
C2H5 C2H5 O

+
c. H3C CH2 C O KCN H3C CH2 C O H2O/H
CH3 CH2 C O
Cl CN COOH
[H]

CH3 CH2 CH COOH 8

OH
8. Vieát sô ñoà toång hôïp fenclorac (thuoác khaùng vieâm) töø phenylcyclohexan

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9. Viết cơ chế của phản ứng sau

ONa OH OK OH
COONa
CO2 CO2
t ,p
o
to , p
COOK
ONa
OK OH
CO2 t , p
o

K2CO3
Na2CO3 COOK
COONa

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