Alexis Lawrence G.

Filosopo Maritime 12

1. What can you say about the velocity of a moving body that is in dynamic
equilibrium? Draw a sketch of such a body using clearly labeled arrows to
represent all external forces on the body.

Answer: When a body is in dynamic equilibrium, all of the forces operating on it are
equal to zero. As a result, there is no acceleration of the body. Consequently, its
velocity does not alter. As a result, the body in dynamic equilibrium moves at a constant
speed and constant direction.

2. Under what conditions can a rotating body be in equilibrium? Give an

example.

Answer: If the rotating body is moving across space at a constant speed and constant
direction, like a spinning top. It is not being affected by any force. Equilibrium exists in
this body.

3. What three factors affect the torque created by a force relative to a specific
pivot point?

Answer: The three factors that affect the torque created by a force relative to a specific
pivot point are magnitude of the applied force, the direction of the applied force and the
location of the applied force.
4. A wrecking ball is being used to knock down a building. One tall unsupported
concrete wall remains standing. If the wrecking ball hits the wall near the top, is
the wall more likely to fall over by rotating at its base or by falling straight
down? Explain your answer. How is it most likely to fall if it is struck with the
same force at its base? Note that this depends on how firmly the wall is
attached at its base.

Answer: The point of contact between the unsupported wall's base and the ground
will serve as the fulcrum if the wrecking ball strikes it close to the top of the wall.
Therefore, rotating the wall about its point of attachment to the ground increases the
likelihood that it will topple over.

5. Mechanics sometimes put a length of pipe over the handle of a wrench when
trying to remove a very tight bolt. How does this help? (It is also hazardous
since it can break the bolt.)

Answer: The rotational action, or torque, for releasing a tight bolt should be high.
Therefore, even with the same force, the torque will rise as you lengthen the handle
from the bolt. This will aid in the exceedingly tight bolt's release by the mechanics.

6. A round pencil lying on its side as in Figure 9.12 is in neutral equilibrium
relative to displacements perpendicular to its length. What is its stability
relative to displacements parallel to its length?

Answer: When the pencil is moved too far, the torque generated by its weight
switches to a counterclockwise direction and increases the displacement.

7. Explain the need for tall towers on a suspension bridge to ensure stable
equilibrium.

Answer: As compression pushes down on the suspension bridge's deck and then
travels up the cables, ropes, or chains to transfer compression to the towers, these
towers support the majority of the weight. The compression is then dissipated directly
into the earth by the towers.
8. When visiting some countries, you may see a person balancing a load on the
head. Explain why the center of mass of the load needs to be directly above the
person’s neck vertebrae.

Answer: The center of mass of the load will operate as a non-zero torque on the human
body due to the weight of the load, disrupting the balance required to carry the load, if it
is not immediately above the neck vertebrae and is instead offset from the vertebral
axis.