voeob oman pop 31

vomp)
).
IA
s5 0 0 Tm
Touayo o
-0-1gv
 Dated

Dated
Lis angth and s
adius o sesitana
Obsvot oble wire S,hen
toth Cunet TT
Dar
Vankatisn of Pot atal herss assut
ArmeetotraTi veadrg V/veLt)Rat v/T matuial ois
Amimele Readuq I[ Coructud K A qaph plottad bitween I
eneefid Obseaue veVe1C (o) and V
a
No
Obsenieel
-Tot-e 3 tsaghE Jne Tha Conductor usil be
So 6 6s Stnba o gra u
on b
Stabe
0 3s OBsCDUAT[ONS
os A Linbnausn kecitant
0
120 26 33. Range ammln 0 A t 2SomA
.Rangs ootmalu 0-V Sn sav
value o sisantay K = I.33 ohon 3. daast Count o ammitu =
Mean MA
4 ast Cnt o
Vetmtu mu
S.Jaast lount o mt Sealh 0
m1mm
nth 2ien re W,=l, 3cn
CaRAPHL
Th baleun
gaph valong aria) ad LLztbv Y-ad) ko
w, t as shausn
It i a
staiht _ns
asaouh Cigin
B Damt e we
1 Ptth e sew gaug = mm
2 Total no. o diwis Gn cihcular snu=s
3 tast Count(LC) ocu gau m
eacher s Sigmature
 Dated *****san
a cwue
u diamui o Datcd

Obsenu aons fo 0bseued

LosLtsd
diom u
Cisu(o
oMain Scale d do e yXeo euO= t O mm
|D0.
bs CCu)
0S3 SoD Coxxacuen t O am.
Mean obsewed damaur Cdot Z
dRmm
=

Mean Coucad di
48 Raclass, , =09 mm-Qng_ Cm, langth ol t
ameudpHm
u9 LS8 cm
3
04
CALCOLATtONS
Jfrom 9tap h he W Ri
Ae
CD 0-8 2
) 0. n Stop
Coed.d dioatu(d
Mean
Mean s diuy a)
d2 =0 nrn Resatvi o malunal o ho
quen wie
PR -D82 ohm:Cm -00082bm- m
Namu oMatnal o wie -Manann
3 Standand valua o sbecite
esklanc om toble. -Sioxo) m

RESDLI
Specilie vesistante / Rosistiuita o maloual o
W. - O ohm-m. gúen ote

PRCCATIONS
a hs ciscut
daqam bofoe macng tha Cennec uons
Lohile macinq the Connectaers
y should be o
3 AL th conne ctoos and kaysheuld be
tght

16

KK
Teacher s Signature.
.

2
 Dated
Dated 3 10-2 2.
urnert-2
Al
Io dhtumrs ui unna eo given uire ztordard
using m- bidae aisto

APPARATUS PEUIReD
metbidae, L~o
heut Im, Connedug usio, 2andpabu,
ug , Cal
bat dn
elarrinato, kes utanu box, Lauanomiu,
Tocey, Rhuestat.

THEo Ry
The n abidge soes on pindbh ohabtone
bida. t consesb o 4 us istanus PR nd C tonnedud
n t h ciuit as theuon
H tumuo a
(b).Tt can be used
how usi tancs exns o rnantng
for a balan Ced
idae tith
kys K and K, clostd, ro
Cwwunt ouss thsough hqalwano mitu n Conclituon
e hawe

Met dae, also Called ahie wlu udgs,

a Qctcal am whealstona boudge Rand C aa
)Masuig Hs uton Pustnnty s
Mha sistanceg in he gapa ab and ed o ha badae
by u . budae
and B & ths botancad pnt en ena nitu rsze-
Jng ais AC o Unm a0a o ODg3 SAcuon) have
Res ixtan ta o n AB
Resistona wine Be
Teachers Signature .
 Dated.
AC 100 Cn **

n m a a oConsartan manaarin
qalos ab and cd s-cucsn ond
aLnt n a Oha mem bafdqe ord e j istanus
ol us in e
Jonq usire AC o th palana
nuo
Raaatante asi he
AC-100 m isaResita wye B
congtarton
welog nlam aan uo-dusn mapnin wue 6
and Be and Jauütwnus
ropatonal t o AB

SRK luke
estara Eaorrag bo-
a0-
6b (ohun)D an DC= to0-J OASeRVAT LONS
Nam o a t a e we
6. 62-2 37- 082 Standaud valu o Mangon
02
sprili suistanu em tota-5am
46
us 2
FReCALTILS
aaw a ticu diagham balan
3S6 82 h a Cannecuons 9hold he neat Making
an oht
toon eclos
3 hblugs a a ustona fox shouid
tight

Teacher'sSignature.. ..
 Dated. 04 21 92

bpeument
AIm
Lei a lauss
oCombination of ss is tanta (in 20s10s
and baallal) utiny mtre Bsidge
a

APPARATUS REQuIReD
Amcun bxidge , thsu dlant usistanes 0 Kositaneo cills,
a sistonte
box, a foukay a one-wa kay, 9alwanomela
batty elimunalr o a danilel esll heek Coneating
sws, Sand bapu ete

THeORYy-
auas of Comhiaatuon oaiMan ces
Seics(omburaluen
Ts 6 mo a i i tan us e-q.,R, etc asa Sad

t be eonectud in &eiu ihay aa Connectadaneend

n d as heusn in f.a) he equiualxt (ou the tstal
Resiskanca sl his Combination , be ha at he
end A and D is gwn
R R,+ +R
b)PasalLCaenbinalen
uso n6 Ssisrtacas R, A,, Ra Sad t ba
a
Connectol aallel whan en end e each asittana
sConnectsd to anothor Comman u t Say B, as
Chasnt Fl. The tqivalarit (er the ttall Acsistant
R Combinaton g n by hu Alalen.
 Datcd

Dated

The equilavert asitaunc Rp weuld

8mallt 9asistanca uSad in b
4hu mall
Obsueaens dud Cala-latovns h cmb ination
Totu wods, Pp wi be 9ma&l houn ho
Cenqa x|Resislan Mes Smallest o R,,R,,R
octareJurth
stand
usd Ob fokrm)AD
(Ohm)AD=
Met Bidue
Th vabu
ounbr Jasutanta X oo sute Coun a
39S 26
236
drtamtoed y wun ml bvadga. as
nao expläsnad in ha
2.2 expaimant No. 2
- gven By aomula
wAet mla
636 .96 .-3 Th valuns
12-0 ogeen hdividual s cktancus X,, X2
and Xa aa dataminad out and houb hnse a tha
302 69 62 Seis and paralal eombinatuons
x,ad th Constxaints
Ceues
474 en fm may not emt ha
veicaten
Ses 49 49 o aus by usinq houo ssbo 9o
Only
asi sto S may be used
X adY 2 3 0
17 230 19 Ohsewatens ad alulatuon
Paalel 3 19 I1 Vesuicao Competa 4he ualuns X,X ad Ya aud p
8ubst tating thu couso onding. valutas d
q e relatin,

KA Teacher s Signature.
 Tated

Suus trbivöln Veruyinq h ass

Computr tha valuo e uas Corbiratn
aSs sirtona. y tha
m m
Paalf Cur bi- kitical fesnula
Epeamta valus o e
iu (ombinston,
wthin Hs
Peg uud conbuauon hesutical
erbuimeit al valus ,
epeinental nd
SesD Parallu

auo X2 .e and. g es pectivel u almest

equal e. KsX
S ne lauss
lo0- Seies 9tonds oembtnalon e aistance in
ven
ed
veilgig da laus el Pasalal Combinaton
Combuta ha valu o
a) Paralal Cormbtnaen By
taLotical mulo
Cistit duaqran pr suly. ol las
of eitar t i

6 trbuoental valRe o
K 1 ohm
panatlal ombtnatuen,
Stna, Loltdin esbumertale01, ha eopeumatal
balus o parallal emb' nation Ond X,,i.e,
ad thsuticoal valua Xe asa equal,
ie kp

KK
Teacher's Signature...
* * * *
 Dated.
9, Hu Jouuuss o
Cmhatsn ol Aistarcu in
lso stands vauliad.
ponalil
PRECA UTIOKS
The conhectin9 wiu sid
wr and e shsuld be hch to pbu
nsulatuon al hen enol
wumound by rubbing
Hum wih a Sond
houldb
2Connectisn ghould be in ht babe

ReSULI
T value e induvldua usestanus
Mdt budge ase X= 2. masuneo bu tha
The equlualent usutanee o JecosX, =2
Xad Kg4.fg mnbináton o
3 Tu equuavlent Sasistaneo
abuallel Combtnatuon,
4T oulu o Senis cembnatuon aK, andX2)-

anenly eq cual to +X2, a laue of genies

Combinatwn o sSosistancLy 9tauds ueuiod.
S u m eae suethsko Cale of
A and K2
b94 (ohn ushumos 0,9q ow ko6
Sinu t um o 9cihr'o tals o nd K ie.
ie nanly cngt al to Xhi djunce
ombr'mact.
p lo C2 buq Lgigby small, oadlauoato
wet(ted
 Dated.

beaimant -4
oAim

To dilumunt h sLutonce o a
gawanomatin by hol
dullueton mcthad
APPARADS
A wubn ybe galwanomi, a batty accumulatbu o 2,
n 9tos &tana
boxange 0t lo, oo Ghmns),ene us utan ca
bor(vang O t 200 ohms) wo GnL-way ays, con
wires, Iand bapu etc.
,
neclsg

HEOL
Resistan o gawane mater by faG dullectionthed
Hene, Cunent uiu lau hgh uhuy , a cosd, k,uopan.
hs Cieuth lsig Cubudt
agh ho galhnemeti fsobocioral to ths dltecton
k whuu
E-em oc,
Rta
R- Resiutantu kuom eulanu box
KR-Pacportionalt
Corstart Galuaromati dulle on ta unant I,
tohen k a closed ard by adjutuq Jhs shunt vesütanc S
we Can
mab gabenemuti dufl ctån as /2.Thun ths
Cret in A ciraut ,
T
Ne, aoction, 9Cits) af he Cunant in rcut
lows teugh ha qaluanomt , udich ii guen y
 Date

Dated.** *********
Ho uom aboe , we can
qut he
ObaoualDn
i h a l -def
lectonlp . uinud 4 gavano meUTas esis taunea
Dellectuon
Ae- epistant qalvaromtu
dvu
shunS esltan OnRS
obsob
Edvistons
(n) n2 (ohn) R
phm R-S
lo
1. 10, o0o 108S
12 120 2 06
AL a Connecluons 9hauld be
2Is,00 nat and
130 in us itanc boxes
hould aleo be
gbct AL ha plugs
3.19,000 30 89 ight
12 2A h nlsis tanea t
2 20 1219 uom
tDdued ist nd thon dueSuistance box R
4oe
Should be
Meon val o 9aluancnilt YIChn
oaG,=12o.uCoh ghuld be eloied to Queaid battty ky
any damaq to
3Olectusn n gauanDnen
Peult and Sheuld be2auarDmatu
an een nD
shoucba a lange as posse
a)Res'utaun ogatwanomets by Aail- dalle cten mekod odisBns
C 1209 ohm PeSULt
Resistan c ogauansmut
0 . u ohm Aaldluetueo mathod,
By
 Dated..
Dated...-I1-22

Expeument-
Pridtanu tn ALm
Vo
CmEolhe qakano melun Toind au omuit
cell E(vot) f.B. lokm4 cnle R+Cn) n oqalwansmatn and ene. e
divatena) tn) Cwnt tul 2cala dietion
2 9 3 x roS
o APPARAf S
rO9K fo
9urD esto b gawanontu, a batu a
tos xte-
93 Velt, One Susistanu tor (sanq 0 t Qccumul odnv o
toto s itanca bor (aange 0 t 200 loyo-60 oma ),
ohm) e ane- w
Mean. Yalue of k=1:0/'xioamp/ iv ys, Copnectu i Sand fon et
HEDRY
Fiune o Men s a
galwanomituv
Fgwne 0 MO n 9enNal ha nuical vals
Tepesentun
n
tha
dqrus of dAatuanss eiuieny o
dngtumant abpuimatd
b Ant ertmatin
dashnus
The gut o it a galuanemat tha ubd
qcuad t ocluce n ducton o Gn dive un in
auankmtun eah It à subuserled bq fe Jatta
,ad qweD as k

(R+0) G
OB SeAvAT LONS
1Roitana o s gti yanomatu (oa) 4q kol-dartor
muttod 120.uS ohm

Teacher's Signature ....*

 Dated..

E 9-F e t h cell o Batly

eliminalov, E 2 vo t
Total nD odivu wns on eth &de
oha zero o
|he qawonemelu Scole, No. 30
PeeCAUT (ONNS
Em:P o attun o eminator uged 3hauld 6 tonstaunt
batty d it theuldba uhy thanguol
vau o R mugt ba ueuy ouge a Combaued to ha
vau o, , othuwie h usult w?U net ba sataied
AU e tonneduons ohould be nat and tiqd .41-a
Blugs an s itanu Bere should also be n t t

ResvLTI
F o Mih,k0.0t x 1oampfaiv.
Caxsant ta l 9cole dehlectuon-3-02R tam.
 Dated 16-tt -22
****

Exheamant-6
AIM
To cenuent lhe
guuen gauanomatiw o beuwn auit
and us a uit) Jnto a uettmt anc

(sa 0t 3V) Qnd dsiued ange

eiy tha Some
APPARA TUS
A wstaR qpa qawancMEu whese scaistan
mett a un A usstancebor of nge.
Mmett andu
batte o aCumulato a Sv (mân Botuntal to kN,
to
a
eq ual t he daied ana) ,a. sho dop
tat (oana e. 2oo),
be usid
to as
petntial.
elivid aasangement,a
euw
bey, a attmatuto t 3v) o cembann
tu acuna
otheconvettc veltmn,onnectug nas ,and palae et
TheoRY-
poses on a . ga lyanom tua iruetz
fhiq asitapcé o uttable alua. i Conne thad in
Snie tgitte faluansmdu t onvet i nto a
vatmtu J s always Connead Boualll wi#a ur ud
Conueitud aluonernilur s desued h a e a ange
o ve ct, hen heere total sus istana R, hat Mugt
uen by R, =V, ohm

e tuu vuutanu el H qalu anpmn i okms

 he acddi uonal ated
4h Ma
qowan Dmst
RP4O V, I givu o,
P-/VG bhna
eSCPVA tot9
hipen usistanee o o
Ouivrn voluu o t qolworprnln G, 120f oh.
ol muit,t0Y 1
total no o divions itas
di
qakor omu ti,. 3 0 aide o 0 o
Cuurs quinpd poducnq -ull sease.
o dii,n
TkNo dluton of
a) Caloulaton ef 4 vauu o uistan P
tnses ath golo ansmiu, blacin
S e quined anq aCanvetid vot mat 1216 yelt,
.auo a gq aied 9oes A tanco.,
RV 2024 okmg,
S-n
) eiticauor
vo Uage idicald b u!0ale d(uetioo (n,l o
Coneits Vottmetu= _lc vo tta
8Last Count o Couuerked voltmatt,
velb /4.

PRECATtoS o
1Gleulalons a the Jquid SAnes utan
shausd b olone 0auuly
onnensun
 Dated
Dated..

Epesimentt
oAIm2
To rtu artitanta ocal engtho a toruex b i i c
a Ccuwex lens
using
Positon Position Pot
Poson
GPedian o
Lmage APPARATUs ReaUIRED
Optal banth ith upaiqhtu Ccner Mie
Coner dsns lwo needles
39 8 3-9 60 90-S 308 knittig nudle Men holdeu
S9 3 ons holdur Mebe Scale Sput Juel
62-0 96 33
3 40 Sa9
4o6
98 3 348 ueCRYy/PRINCIDAL
62-0 33.4 Dn d aitustiens , an cbfect AB n Dn àmaga by a
3 S39
Conex nioo MM' hawinq a smat apetlue as Sheien
in t h igun illau Tis tinag eamad By tonue
Mun M - 1Eu3 - 3 . 9 vittualnd exect. Theu, dt ocal ungth
32. Cannet Be detemunet iectly . I t Can be dtusmined
preto dtar M1- Dens in
By irtuodeng a Conues b[w A, object
f-Consaotd MI 39-6S= 167 m and cowwex muuo R Cowe miwten e l e c t back
all incident cas disected towands he contiu ee
eusuat
An chfect AB beint P' in n t oa
uin Conne lens Such hat i stea , in estd and
Mag ed imaqe A'B m d a t peston C
n e ast ctheside o tons as ghewn
in 4b).
Teacher's Signature
 Dated
Datea..

hConL rwevj Jkuducnd

Such at peunt Cand towuex luns
ualand iwetad
uaR4hhe tbject A at paint Pa
An
jmage'8ABtineidus
The pa etad Joken PC s e
iniqunala)
radius o wwatiuns
int ng 0bect Jmaq R Haly o sadul
ecal engtk o Conuap
eualure is he
M
Muwovk is dundtd by f
Obyect at fin dirtane

OBSERVA TtONS
Taooect
pin P
Rough focal ngth o tonuer lun-Cm
d: deast Count
e sbtical hanth/mebu Ca Cm
3 Actual ength o indue naudte, = Cm
Cbyued Jngth o day udk, I= postton
omie upriqtt
poston o in ubsiqtt en Soalet
Sndercennectuen, t- Actual kungth Obd unqh J-! dm
Tma o CALCDLATIONC
T focal wgt of tenotp
máes
PRCCAUTLONS
A upriptch supbarting
he Bius, ln aud nivee must
bu d.
2h abextures e onue lans And enw mimen sheud bu Small,
ohoie tnaye famed uil b digtatad
3. The tp o rudle , pele e
mio ad eptieal eanu e lens
should be en he Bama Aenizeutal Jevel
while sumevia panalax, Hu eye sheutd be at s n.
S dexx tovuiien sheuld be apblied. blw he cmage
heedle T ond pole eh Conex nurreu

Teacher'sSignature.
 patz

Am

APPERATL REGUIgED
kritting ud le/ sd neadla, Mebu raa, 2ti lud
(8) THEGRY
Themags(h'B) taad alwap vta d u t inubue
oitumtbtt. Thus ral Jngh tanet
urd eut easdy ns trolan , * Jmaa taret b eaay
dutnunu
Thecal ungT sauntaue Jns an duind ty usa
bsux ht and. jez eraut ns by gulin
a aal nd veiud na s ghasn
(
th Crues n ly ond a ual and inveitud Jina Aei
emed at beien T uith a uncaue Jans y tnsestud
sns dui 2, and ma I, , imags A'e tuhaus au
vistual. ed hewn Jn uu (8) Th divuginguns
as

emu ua and fneted tmaA'B'ot

dst 01, nd 01, t ditanas and tutae s l
Jngih o toug Jans y 9hould h amals. blw
lens od irt ®a les uon spo ungho L2 .

Teacher s Signature.
 Dated

iq dnrala,
Lse hou f -v

fe sign Conuentens snd v a besitun a Corca brs

B ts y>uu-v is ngatie Tus t á ngatut

r
esERVATICNS
4 Rough fscal lungth eConuns,f m

lngth ef undex needle as measuud by Scak, l=

3 Chsted ditana H» tbtcal cuntu e ns Qud ib
Pesitien o ns ubriqlt-Pasitien f pi ubrigkt Scale
Crm

dex ccancion, e-l-l=e

RESULT

Th facal gtu of qian ten.Cae kns i em

PRECAOILCALS
i . Al Hu teu upuighA mst be ertcal
Tha Cenus ns and pin P must net k ditibutad dusng
'ostion -Corte econd po e exparimtt
uaad sleuld & deteund
3 The Thdev toeton beth v

34 sb S 225 9-2 14-3 13 228 S 4 ret fa cohlestd wita bld and bught mage amed
2 32-9 So. 9 a S . :223 by Cominaen Conuer and coneaus lens
L k ocal nath oece l s skould 6e lu Man
ns ha he ermbinaton
32 8-4| 1-8 -3-23 21 ocal kngt oconcae
Conucx
KX Teacher's Signature . - * * * * * * * *
 Dated

Expumant-9
Aim
o nd ha
valus ovKo dilkount yaluas ou
COncouu e and cau
tound ts onal ength
APPARATOS
An opttal banch alurgusith hous
upigh oms minat
held, twe naudle3, Concaya miwoov) ,

Qnd a ub ale
a
knting noudia

TMCORY
[ ulatun blw 4ha objoet
distonc
olistana v Ond foal ngth f u, hs mage
oo tonsave
na
Ggie V

OBSCRAtLONS
Rougb ocal Aungth otuo Corcae rwnen ISm
n g t o futting hudla, x 2.S
3. 0bseued distance blto e m»ao and tho cject
necle. 0 cohun the rttng naeclle u nt tdueod
t w hum y 22 Cm
4. Obsowed digton b the nulnon and the Imag
neede T when ttng nadle taccluced
in bw hm Z 3 C
 Dated

ated
ndax ccuden u,
ia Ve2 (e,)=23-
35
Tndix 22=0Scn
ndis uctun ta v, (z-x) : 23-23 = c.Sun
=(-¬, 22-23 c.
PRECAUTIONS

baalll
ad ungtk sals
pugh
b sigd
upbe-tng nudiu ard mirict sheuld
3 Tu tps endls ovd telu e
&at 4s Oms heuanlal dud
ku rise hsule

ESULT
Mean valu t ocal Jnah t
Focal unth c quen
tumptatuenLo
lencau t i s a dteminad
9abh.
u-v)yparbela)f-

TeachersSgnature