EBT 503E

Advanced Thermodynamics
Make-up Lecture for
September 28, 2022
Second Law of Thermodynamics (Chapter 2)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

R
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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

TL

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

f(TH,TL) = f(TH, Tm) f(Tm, TL)

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 Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

= = =1− =1− = 0.4 0.8 > 0.4 => impossible

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

TC TA TB

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Second Law of Thermodynamics (continued)

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Entropy

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Entropy (continued)

internally
reversible

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Entropy (continued)

(T2, P2)

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Entropy (continued)

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Entropy (continued)

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Entropy (continued)

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Entropy (continued)

conduction.

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 Entropy (continued)

=− =− ln 1 = 0 30
Example (continued)

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Entropy (continued)

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Entropy (continued)

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Entropy (continued)

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Entropy (continued)

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Entropy (continued)

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Example 1.

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Example 1 (continued)

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Example 1 (continued)

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Example 1 (continued)

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Example 1 (continued)

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Example 1 (continued)

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Example 1 (continued)

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Example 2

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Example 2 (continued)

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Example 2 (continued)

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Example 2 (continued)

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Example 3

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Example 3 (continued)

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Example 3 (continued)

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Example 3 (continued)

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Example 3 (continued)

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Example 3 (continued)

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Example 3 (continued)

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Example 4

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Example 4 (continued)

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Example 4 (continued)

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Example 4 (continued)

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Example 4 (continued)

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Summary

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Summary

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Non-equilibrium Case

Ain Aout

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Non-equilibrium Case

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Energy Equation (cont’d)

dV

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Energy Equation (cont’d)

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Entropy Generation

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Entropy Generation (cont’d)

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Joule’s Experiment

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Environment

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Environment (cont’d)

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Restricted (Dead State)

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Exergy (Availability)

T0
T

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Exergy of Heat Transfer

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Exergy of Work

Q1-2

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Exergy of Work

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Non-Flow Physical Exergy (Z)

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Non-Flow Physical Exergy (Z)

energy

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Flow Physical Exergy

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The Two Laws Combined (Chapter 3)

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Two Laws Combined

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Two Laws Combined

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Two Laws Combined

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Two Laws Combined

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Two Laws Combined

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Two Laws Combined

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Two Laws Combined

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Two Laws Combined

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Two Laws Combined
Refrigerators (Continued)

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Two Laws Combined

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Heat Pumps (Continued)

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The Two Laws Combined

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