ORGANIZATION

Most work today is accomplished by organizations. An organization is a

group of people working together in some type of concerted or coordinated effort to
attain objectives. As such, an organization provides a vehicle for accomplishing ob-

jectives that could not be achieved by individuals working separately. The process

of organizing is the grouping of activities necessary to attain common objectives

and the assignment of each grouping to a manager who has the authority neces-

sary to supervise the people performing the activities. Thus, organizing is basically

a process of division of labor accompanied by appropriate delegation of authority.

One of the primary reasons for organizing is to establish lines of authority.

Establishing lines of authority creates order within the group. The absence of au-

thority almost always leads to chaotic situations in which everyone is telling every-

one else what to do.

Secondly, organizing improves the efficiency and quality of work through

synergism. Synergism occurs when individual or separate units work together to pro-

duce a whole greater than the sum of the parts. Synergism results when three

men working together produce more than four men working separately. Synergism

can result from division of labor or from increased coordination both of which are

products of good organization.

GLOSSARY
Accomplished (v) : diselesaikan
Attain (v) : mencapai
Appropriate (adj) : cocok, tepat
Leads to (v) : menyebabkan
Concerted (adj) : dengan persetujuan bersama
Primary (adj) : pokok, utama
Chaotic (adj) : kacau, semrawut

A. COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
Answer the following question briefly.
1. What is an organization based on the above text?
2. What do you know about the process of organizing?
3. What is the difference between organization and organizing?
4. What is organizing for?
5. How is the order within a group created?
6. How can chaotic situations happen?
7. What does organizing improve?
8. What is the synergism?
9. How can synergism result from?
10. What are the products of good organization?
11. What is the topic of the first paragraph?
12. What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?
13. What is the writer’s main point in the third paragraph?
14. What does the word ‘attain’ (paragraph 1 line 2) mean?
15. What does the whole passage talk about?

Say whether these statements are true (T) or false (F), and if they are
false say why.
1. A group of people who work together is called organization.
2. ln order to reach the goal, an organization provides a vehicle.
3. Organizing is a process of division of labor accompanied by appropriate
delegation of authority.
4. By organizing we are able to establish lines of authority.
5. Without establishing lines of authority we can create order within the group.
6. The existing of authority can protect the chaotic situation in an organization.
7. Chaotic situations happen when everyone is telling the others what to do.
8. Synergism is able to improve the efficiency and quality of work.
9. Synergism happens when the separate units work together.
10. When three men work together and they can produce more than four men
working separately, we can call it as synergism.

B. VOCABULARY BUILDING
1. ‘Type’ (in paragraph 1 line 2) means:
a. group b. kind c. form d. d. characteristic
2. ‘Supervise’ (in paragraph 1 line 7) means:
a. control b. check c. know d. identify
3. ‘Leads to’ (in paragraph 2 line 3) means:
a. makes b. causes c. effects d. influences
4. ‘Occurs’ (in paragraph 3 line 2) means:
a. creates b. makes c. happens d. affairs
5. ‘Labor’ (in paragraph 3 line 5) means:
a. employment b. employ c. employee d. employer

C. STRUCTURAL REVIEW: Part of Speech (Part 3)

Identify the subject, verb, object or adverb (if any) of the following
sentences.
1 . One of the primary reasons for organizing is to establish lines of authority.
2. The absence of authority almost always leads to chaotic situations in which
Everyone is telling everyone else what to do.
3. Synergism occurs when individual or separate units work together to pro
duce a whole greater than the sum of the parts.
4. Organizing improves the efficiency and quality of work through synergism.
5. Most work today is accomplished by organizations.
3. In 1888, when the company was near bankruptcy, Fayol took over as Man-
aging Director and rapidly transformed the company into a financially sound
organization.
7. The book was not readily available in English until 1949.
8. He used them as broad and general guidelines for effective management.
9. The work of Taylor and Fayol are essentially complementary.
10. The major difference in their approaches centered around their orienta-
tions.