IBRAHIM ABDALLA ALSHUKRY

R1

Cross sectional anatomy of

the chest
mediastinum
● It is the space between the lungs
● It is extended from Sternum to thoracic
spine and from throcic inlet to diaphragm.
● It is divided into superior,anterior,middle
and posterior.
Mediastinal
division
 superior mediastinum contain
● Aortic Arch
● brachiocephatic Veins
● Svc
● trachea
● esophagus
● thoracic duct
● Lymph nodes
● nerves
Anterior mediastinum
contains
● Thymus
● mammary vessels
● Lymph nodes
middle mediastinum contains
● heart , pericardium
● great vessels
● nerves
● Lymph nodes
posterior mediastinum Contains
● descending aorta
● esophagus
● Azygos venous system
● Thoracic duct
cross
sectional
anatomy
Level of T3
● It is superior mediastinum
● trachea in midline
● great Vessels anteriorly
● esophagus posteriorly
● brachiocephatic veins are anterior
and Lateral to arteries.
● Left brachiocephalic vein passing
anterior to branches of aortic arch
Level of T 4
● The plane between T 4 and
sternal angle.
● arch of aorta lies to the left of
trachea andArch at Azygos
Vein to the right.
Level of T 5
● below tracheal bifurcation
● Main pulmonary artery seen
● Righ pulmonary artery run anterior to the
bronchus
● Left Pulmonary artery arch superiorly over
the plane to pass over left bronchus
● Esophagos,azygos and descending aorta
seen in posterior mediastinum
Level of T 6
● This section pass through the upper
part of the heart.
● Righ Atria appendage maybe seen
overlapping the aorta
● Coronary arterie comes off the aorta at
this level
level of T 8
● This section pass through the heart
it shows the relationship of the chambers
to each other .
● Aortic sinus are seen.
● Right heart border formed by right
atrium
● Anterior border formed BY right
ventricle
● Left border formed by left Ventricle
● posterior bonder formed by left atrium
Level of T 10
● Abdominal cavity is seen.
● fundus of the stomach and part of
pancreas and spleen are seen.
● Desending aorta with Azaygos and
hemiazygos veins are seen on the
right and Left.
Aorta
Arch of the
Aorta
branches
● branchiocephalic artery
● Left common Carotid
artery
● left Subclavian artery
Subclavian
artery
● Right subclavian artery arise
bihind sternoclavicular joint
● Left subclavian artery arise
from arch of the Aorta at
level T3 _ T4
subclavian artery divided
by scalenus anterior
muscle to three parts
first, second and third.
subclavian artery branches
Branches of the first part
● Vertebral artery
● Thoracic mammary artery
● thyrocervical artery
● costocervical artay in the left
and from Second Part in the
right