COVER LETTER

Project: COVID 19 CHALLENGES AND BURDEN

Prepared By: Parco, Hallina Bianca L.

This project is all about the challenges and burden of the Coronavirus 2019.

INTRODUCTION
Coronavirus disease is an emerging infectious disease caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel coronavirus was first
identified in December 2019 in Wuhan China, then spread globally within weeks
and resulted in an ongoing pandemic.

The full spectrum of COVID-19 infection ranges from subclinical self-limiting

respiratory tract illness to severe progressive pneumonia with multi-organ failure
and death. As evidenced from studies and reports, more than 80% of cases remained
asymptomatic and 15% of cases appeared as mild cases with common symptoms
like fever, cough, fatigue, and loss of smell and taste [2,3,4,5,6]. Severe disease onset
that needs intensive care might result in death due to massive alveolar damage and
progressive respiratory failure.

The virus transmits through direct and indirect contacts. Person-to-person

transmissions primarily occur during close contact, droplets produced through
coughing, sneezing, and talking. Indirect transmission occurs through touching
contaminated surfaces or objects and then touching the face. It is more contagious
during the first few days after the onset of symptoms, but asymptomatic cases can
also spread the disease.
Recommended prevention measures was designed based on overcoming the mode
of transmissions including frequent hand washing, maintaining physical distance,
quarantine, covering the mouth and nose during coughs, and avoiding contamination
of face with unwashed hands. In addition, use of mask is recommended particularly
for suspected individuals and their caregivers. There is limited evidence against the
community wide use of masks in healthy individuals. However, most of these
preventive measures are recommended and were not researched well.

To the extent of this action plan, there is no systematic review on the preventive
aspects and effectiveness of COVID-19 infection through contact tracing, screening,
quarantine, and isolation. The findings were inconclusive; in some studies, certain
preventive mechanisms were shown to have minimal effects, while in others
different preventive mechanisms have better effect than expected. On the other hand,
some studies have reported that integration of interventions is more effective than
specific interventions.

Therefore, we aimed to conduct a comprehensive systematic review through

reviewing globally published studies on the strategies and effectiveness of different
preventive mechanisms (contact tracing, screening, quarantine, and isolation)
developed to prevent and control COVID-19. This synthesized measure will be
important to bring conclusive evidence, so that policy makers and other stakeholders
could have clear evidence to rely on during decision making.
COMMUNITY PROFILE
 Lack of healthcare facilities
 Job Loss
 Isolation
 Economic shutdown

COMMUNITY ACTION PLAN

Lack of healthcare facilities

- Poor quality services give rise to mistrust and suspicion, which deter people
from seeking healthcare when it is needed. Service users are charged a fee for
seeking healthcare to fill the funding gap. This pushes many people into
poverty or again deters people from seeking healthcare when it is needed.

Solutions for improving healthcare:

 Encouraging innovation and manufacturing (of medical devices) within the

country.
 Spending more on medical research.
 Improving medical, nursing and technical education as well as upskilling of
existing manpower.
 International collaborations.
Job Loss
- Whether people were unable to work was determined through answers to the
question: "At any time in the last 4 weeks, were you unable to work because
your employer closed or lost business due to the coronavirus pandemic?"
(The question was asked of all people 16 years or older.
This question was designed to capture information on both those who were
unable to work because their business closed entirely due to the pandemic,
as well as those who were unable to work or worked reduced hours because
of partial cutbacks in business operations. This includes people whose hours
had been reduced because of the pandemic but continued to work for the
same employer.
These data do not include all people who were unable to work because of the
pandemic. For example, it may exclude people who are unable to work now
because of the pandemic but were unemployed before it started. It may
exclude people who are unable to work because of health concerns or fear of
getting ill. It may exclude people who were not working before but might
want to work now, like a student who planned to get a summer job.
The fact that someone is employed at the time of the survey does not
necessarily mean they are working for the same employer that closed or lost
business. For example, someone who worked two jobs before the pandemic,
but lost one because that business closed, would still be employed on the
other job. Someone who lost a job at a business that closed but then began
working at another job may also be counted in this measure.

Solution to Job loss due to pandemic:

 Create a granular view of who needs help to keep their job—or find new
work. Countries, regions, and cities can quickly develop a granular view of
where jobs are at risk and where there is additional demand for labor—by
sector, occupation, demographics, and geography. That view needs to put
special focus on small businesses and the most vulnerable workers,
including those in the gig economy and the informal sector.
  Build smart, cross-sector solutions to get that help to them fast. As
governments prepare to reopen economies postlockdown, they need to find
smart ways to maximize employment and protect against new infections,
following global guidelines and those of their local public-health agencies.
Again, special focus will be needed on restarting and supporting small
businesses, which account for the majority of jobs in most countries. At the
same time, governments and businesses will need to create new mechanisms
to help people whose jobs are at risk redeploy into occupations in which
labor demand still outstrips supply—and rapidly build the skills needed for
their new roles.

Isolation
- Is self-isolation recommended for those with COVID-19?
Self-isolation at home has been recommended for those diagnosed with
COVID-19 and those who suspect they have been infected. Health agencies
have issued detailed instructions for proper self-isolation. Many
governments have mandated or recommended self-quarantine for entire
populations.

How to Cope with Loneliness During the Coronavirus Pandemic:

 Keep a Schedule
 Stay Informed
 Stay Active
 Do Something Meaningful
 Connect with Others
 Find Sources of Comfort
Economic Shutdown:
- The world has changed dramatically in the three months since our last
update of the World Economic Outlook in January. A rare disaster, a
coronavirus pandemic, has resulted in a tragically large number of human
lives being lost. As countries implement necessary quarantines and social
distancing practices to contain the pandemic, the world has been put in a
Great Lockdown. The magnitude and speed of collapse in activity that has
followed is unlike anything experienced in our lifetimes.

Four ways to rescue the economy from the pandemic:

 Growth first, sound money second

 Build confidence
 Test and trace still vital
 More targeted support

RESOURCES
 Bureau of Customs (BOC)
 Department of Budget and Management (DBM)
 Department of Education (DEPED)
 Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA)
 Department of Health (DOH)
 Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE)
 Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)