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Masculine nouns usually end in the vowels E or O like PADRE and MAESTRO, while
feminine nouns end in the vowel A like HERMANA and CASA.
Most masculine nouns in Spanish end in the letters -N, -O, -R, -S, -R, -L. Two examples
of common masculine words are CORAZÓN (heart) and CARRO (car). Apart from
these endings, some masculine nouns end in the syllables -MA, -PA and -TA, as in the
case of the word PROBLEM and MAPA. There are always exceptions to the rules about
the gender of nouns in Spanish, so pay attention to certain clues, such as the definite
article or indefinite article that precedes the word.
Algunos sustantivos masculinos:
Coche (car) -, Corazón (heart) -, Color (color) -, Arte (Art) -, Planeta (Planet) -.
Feminine nouns in Spanish usually end in the letters -A, -DAD, -TAD, -ED, -SION, -
CION, -DEZ, -TIS, -IZ and some end in -E as well.
Algunos sustantivos femeninos:
Casa (House) -, Amistad (friendship) -, Pared (wall) -, Canción (Song) -, Actriz
(Actress).
Definition
The article is the word that accompanies the noun and always goes before it. It is the
word that always functions as a determiner or identifier of the noun, that is, it indicates
whether the noun is known or not, and indicates the gender (feminine or masculine) and
the number of the noun (singular or plural). Articles are divided into definite (or
determiners) and indefinites (or indeterminates). Definite articles are those that speak of
something known and that you can identify. Indefinite articles are those that speak of
something unknown or that cannot be identified.
Definidos Indefinidos
Ejemplos:
Singular Plural Singular Plural
Masculino El hotel Los hoteles Un hotel Unos hoteles
Femenino La casa Las casas Una casa Unas casas
The contractions
Contractions are generated when the article is preceded by the prepositions "a" or "de".
They are formed from the following structure:
“Lo” is used to mark abstraction, that is, it transforms adjectives into abstract nouns.
Does not indicate gender (female or male). Does not accompany nouns. The neuter
article is used to indicate what is being talked about.
Lo + adjetivo (adjective):
Also, you can use it to talk about something known by the speakers, but is it named
indirectly: Lo + de / Lo + que
Lo de María me parece muy feo. Maria's thing seems very ugly to me.
No me gustó lo que me dijo. I didn't like what she told me.
El singular y el plural:
If the word ends in a vowel we add an S. El libro>> Los libros
If the word ends in a consonant we add ES. La canción>> Las canciones.
Exception:
If the word ends in Z, we changed to C and add ES . El lápiz (the pencil) --> Los
lápices.
If the Word ends in S or X, we change the article. El lunes Los lunes. / El cactus
Los cactus.
SENTIR
Yo siento Otros verbos con cambio vocálico E > IE son;
Tú sientes Calentar (Wärme), Empezar (anfangen),
Él / ella siente Despertar (Wecken), Perder (Verlieren),
Nosotros/as sentimos Entender (Verstehe)…
Vosotros/as sentís
Ellos/as sienten