DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS DATE:

POST-DIAGNOSTIC ACTIVITY SEPTEMBER 1ST 2022

GRADE 7TH SCHOOL YEAR 2022-2023

TEACHER: RODRIGO MOSQUERA G.

WHAT IS NUMBER THEORY?

Number theory (or Arithmetic or higher Arithmetic in older usage) is a branch of pure Mathematics devoted primarily to
the study of the integers and integer-valued functions. German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) said,
"Mathematics is the queen of the sciences—and number theory is the queen of Mathematics." Number theorists study
prime numbers as well as the properties of mathematical objects made out of integers (for example, rational numbers).
The older term for number theory is Arithmetic. By the early twentieth century, it had been superseded by "number
theory". The word "Arithmetic" is used by the general public to mean "elementary calculations".

Remember…
A multiple of a number is a number that can be divided evenly by another number without a remainder (or, the
multiples of a number are the numbers that we get after multiplying the number by a whole number).
A factor is one of two or more numbers that divides a given number without a remainder (that is, they divide the given
number exactly).

Remember…
Divisibility rules

Remember…
A prime number is a number which has exactly two factors i.e. '1' and the number itself.
A composite number has more than two factors, which means apart from getting divided by 1 and the number itself, it
can also be divided by at least one positive integer.
1 is not a prime neither a composite number.

PRACTICE
1. Fill the blanks with “multiple of”, “factor of”, or “divisible by”.
a. 45 is __________________ 9
b. 4 is __________________ 36
c. 33 is _________________ 33
d. Every number is __________________ 1
e. Every number is _________________ itself.
f. Zero is not _________________ any number.
g. Zero is __________________ any number.
2. Find a number that is multiple of 2, 3, and 5.
3. Identify the following numbers as prime or composite: 7, 12, 13, 25, 31, 43, 71.
4. From the list: 24, 30, 65, 72, 81, 420, identify the numbers that are:
a. divisible by 2
b. divisible by 3
c. divisible by 5
d. divisible by 6
e. divisible by 7
5. What must be x so the number 35 x is divisible by:
a. 2
b. 2 and 5
c. 3
d. 9
6. Find the least three-digit prime number.
7. Work out the prime factorization of 180 and 475.
8. Using only the digits 1 and 2, what is the smallest integer that can be written such that it is divisible by 3 and by 8?
9. The digits of a number consist of only the digit 8, and the number is divisible by 9. What is the smallest positive
integer that meets this description?
10. The following is known as the fundamental theorem of Arithmetic: "Any positive integer greater than 1 is either a
prime number or a unique product of prime numbers". For example, 5.544 = 23 x 32 x 7 x 11, and there is no other
way to decompose it into prime factors.
Express the following numbers as a product of their prime factors:
a. 120
b. 448
11. Find the sum of the factors of 54.
12. Find the least common multiple (LCM) of:
a. (3, 5)
b. (3, 6)
c. (6, 8)
d. (6, 9)
e. (20, 40)
f. (14, 21)
g. (64, 80)
h. (140, 220)
i. (135, 225)
j. (200, 250)
13. Find the greatest common factor (GCF) of:
a. (12, 15)
b. (20, 30)
c. (4, 21)
d. (250, 60)
e. (75, 105)
f. (135, 225)
g. (200, 250)