THE

MOON
BY:
YULIANA
EKA APRILIA NINGSIH
SITI NUR FAIZAH
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
POINTS OF DISCUSSION

What is the month?

What is the shape of the moon?
How does the shape of the moon change?
What are the influences of the moon on the earth?
what are the divisions of the month?
What is the month?
MONTH DEFI NITION
Moon in English, Luna in Roman, Artemis in Greek, which means the only natural satellite
that the earth has.
The Moon is a natural satellite of the Earth that is one-fourth the size of the Earth and
revolves around it every 27.3 days, at an average distance of 384,400 kilometers under
Earth's gravitational pull, 3,476 km in diameter and with a gravity of only 0.16 = (1/6) of
Earth's gravitational force.
The moon has no light source and moonlight actually comes from the reflection of the
sun's light. The formation of the Moon is believed to have originated from an object the
size of Mars hitting Earth and then breaking apart. The object's core hit Earth, but
Earth's outer layers were knocked off and trapped in orbit around Earth and formed the
Moon.
The moon can only be seen from one side of the surface when observed from Earth.
This is because the moon's rotation period is the same as the moon's revolution (orbit)
around the earth, which is 27.32 days.
On the moon there are no or only many craters
produced on the surface of the moon caused by the impact of comets. The absence of
air also means that no sound can be heard on the moon.
What is the shape of the moon?

Shape of the moon

From the observations of para
the Apollo crew, the shape of the moon's surface is
not flat but has relief. On its surface there are low
and high plains consisting of mountains. In addition,
all over the surface of the moon there are round
holes called craters. The moon has no atmosphere
so it cannot withstand collisions from other celestial
bodies. This is what causes the existence of many
craters on the surface of the moon.
HOW DOES THE SHAPE OF THE MOON CHANGE?
MOON PHASE

LUNAR PHASES ARE CHANGES IN THE SHAPE OF THE MOON AS SEEN FROM THE EARTH'S SURFACE. THE
CHANGE IN THE SHAPE OF THE MOON IS CAUSED BY THE REFLECTION OF SUNLIGHT HITTING THE MOON'S
SURFACE WHICH VARIES IN EACH PHASE. THE TIME OF EACH PHASE OF THE MOON IS 7 DAYS OR A WEEK
RESPECTIVELY, SO THAT ALL THESE PHASES LAST 28 DAYS.

1. NEW MOON, THAT IS, THE POSITION OF THE MOON IS ALMOST PARALLEL TO THE EARTH AND THE SUN. IN
THIS CONDITION THE MOON IS DARK AND INVISIBLE. MANY PEOPLE GIVE THE TERM "DEAD MOON".

2. THE FIRST QUARTER, NAMELY THE POSITION OF THE MOON FORMING A CERTAIN ANGLE TO THE SUN AND
THE EARTH. IN THIS POSITION THE MOON BEGINS TO BE SEEN, BOTH IN CRESCENT AND HALF. THE TERMS FOR
THESE TWO LUNAR CONDITIONS ARE KNOWN AS CRESCENT AND HALF MOON.

3. FULL MOON, THAT IS, THE POSITION OF THE MOON IS ALMOST IN LINE WITH THE EARTH AND THE SUN, WITH
THE POSITION OF THE EARTH IN THE MIDDLE. IN THIS POSITION THE PART OF THE MOON THAT IS EXPOSED TO
THE SUN IS THE BRIGHT PART OF THE MOON'S SURFACE, SO THE MOON LOOKS COMPLETELY ROUND LIKE THE
EARTH.
4. THE LAST QUARTER, THE SAME AS THE FIRST QUARTER, NAMELY THE POSITION OF THE MOON FORMING A
CERTAIN ANGLE TO THE SUN AND THE EARTH. IN THIS POSITION HALF OF THE MOON IS DARK AND CANNOT BE
SEEN. IN THIS POSITION THE MOON RETURNS TO FORM A HALF MOON AND A CRESCENT MOON, BUT THE
POSITION IS OPPOSITE TO THE POSITION DURING THE LAST QUARTER. IT IS IN THIS LAST QUARTER POSITION
THAT THE HALF DISC CRESCENT FACES TO THE LEFT.

AFTER GOING THROUGH THE QUARTER PHASE

FINALLY, THE MOON RETURNS TO THE DEAD MOON POSITION WHICH THEN RETURNS TO THE NEXT PHASE. THE
RETURN OF THE POSITION OF THE MOON TO THE NEW MOON IS A CHANGE OF MONTHS IN THE HIJRI CALENDAR
SYSTEM.
What are the influences of the moon on the earth?

Moon's Influence on Earth

A lunar eclipse is an event where the sun's rays from reaching the moon
are blocked by the earth, caused by the earth being located in a straight
line between the moon and the sun.

2. Tides and Ebb of Sea Water Sea tides are waves that are generated
by the interaction between the earth, the sun and the moon. But the
influence of the moon's gravitational force is greater than the sun,
because the moon's position is closer to the earth. There are 2 kinds of
tides, namely 1:

Full moon tide, which is the highest tide of sea water. Occurs during a
full moon.
Banani tide, which is the lowest sea tide. Occur
when the sun, earth and moon form a 90 degree angle.
 what are the divisions of the month?

Parts of the Moon

According to Dirdjosoemarto, S., et al. (1991: 405) the surface of the Moon
consists of parts called:

a) Terra, namely the bright visible area,

sprinkled with craters.
b) Marta, which is a desert area of ​d ark rock covered with wet lava, there are
only a few craters.
c) Valleys, there are many narrow (real) valleys that extend up to 100 km.
d) Mountains, some reach a height of 8,000 m.
e) Craters, estimated to number up to 40,000 with a diameter between 2 –
200km. This crater probably originated from volcanic activity and meteorite
impacts.