‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬

‫‪$‬ﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺧﺰﻳﻰ‬

‫‪ $‬ﻫﻨﺮ‬
‫ﻃﺮﺣﻰ ﻳﺮﻧﻰ‬

‫*‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﭼﻜﻴﺪ
‪:‬‬

‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ
‬
‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺨﭽﻪ‪ x‬ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ 
‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮ‪: .‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺷﻜﻠﻲ ‪ +‬ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺗﺠﺴﻤﻰ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ‪ x‬ﺧﻄﻮ‪ #‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮ‪ B‬ﻣﺮ‪ ،x+‬ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ 
‪ .‬ﻗﺒﻞ ‪ +‬ﺳﻼ‪ B‬ﻳﺎ ﺳﺪ‪x‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻ? ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ‪:‬ﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻮ ﻣﻲ‪:‬ﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺧﻂ 
ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺸﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺎ‬
‫
‪ x‬ﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻛﺎﻏﺬ ﻃﺮ_ ﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﻣﺪ ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫
ﻧﮓ 
ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻳﻔﺎ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺘﻲ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺑﻪ ‪ ?b‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‬
‫
ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ‪» x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﻮ
‪ «x‬ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﺳﻄﻮ_‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺮ‪ ،.: x‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ .:‬ﺳﺘﻪ ‪+‬‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﻣﻲﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮ‪B‬‬
‫ﻳﻮ
ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺳﻨﮕﻲ ﻳﺎ ﮔﭽﻲ ‪ +‬ﺳﺪ‪x‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﻛﺎ‪ f‬ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎ‪D‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ ﺛﺮ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﻫﻨﺮ‪ ،x‬ﺑﺪﻋﻲ  ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺘﻮ‪x‬‬

‫ﺗﻴﺮ ‪1387‬‬
‫ﺷﻮﻫﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮ‪ ،‬ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺑﺸﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺮﺷﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
ﻏﺎ
ﻫﺎ ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﺗﻚ 
ﻗﻲ ﻳﺎ 
ﻧﺴﺦ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻛﺎ
ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪
 .‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻳﺮﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺧﻂ‬
‫ﺻﺨﺮﻫﺎ ‪:‬ﻏﺎ‪ +‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺳﻄﻮ_ ﻇﺮ ﺷﻴﺎ‪ x‬ﺳﻔﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺳ ًﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺻﻠﻲ
 ﺑﺮﻋﻬﺪ 
‪ .‬ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺘﻔﺎ ‪ +‬ﻧﺪﻛﻲ
ﻧﮓ 
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‬
‫‪38‬‬
‫ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﻧﻘﻮ‪ f‬ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻲ
‪ .‬ﻧﻘﺶ
‪ x‬ﮔﭻ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺰ‪ ،‬ﭼﻮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮﻧﺪ ‪ 
.:‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺎ‪.‬ﺗﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻲ ﮔﺮ ﻛﺎ
ﻛﺮ
ﻧﮓ ﺑﺮ ﺧﻂ
ﺟﺤﺎ‪ .‬ﭘﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻋﺎŠ ‪ + ...‬ﻳﮕﺮ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻗﺎﺑﻞ
ﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻛﻬﻦ ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ + .‬ﺳﺪ‪x‬‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮ‪ 
.: .‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻗﻠﻤﺪ ﻧﻤﻮ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪
 .‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﭼﻬﺎ
‪ B‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪ x‬ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻮﻳﺎ‪ ،.‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ
 
ﺷﻜﻞﮔﻴﺮ‪ x‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﺧﻂ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺻﻠﻲ‪+
 ،‬ﺷﻲ ﺧﺎ‡ ﻗﺎﺋﻞﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬
‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻳﺮ‪
 .‬ﻋﺼﺮ ﺳﺎﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺷﺘﻪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺼﺮ‪ x‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﺧﻂ‪
 ،‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ
ﺳﺪ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻰ 

‪ x‬ﺳﻼﻣﻲ 
ﻣﺘﺪ ﺳﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻲ
‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺟﻮ ﺗﺤﻮﻻ? ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ 
ﻃﻮ‪ I‬ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺧﻂ ﻫﻤﻮ
‬
‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲﺗ ِﺮ )ﻫﻨﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﻮﻳﺎ‪
(.‬ﺷﺪ  ﻧﻤﻮ ﻛﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻟﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ
ﺳﻤﻲ‬ ‫
ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻳﻚ
_ ﻣﺸﺘﺮ‪: ،r‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﻳﺮ‪ + .‬ﺳﻨﮓﻧﮕﺎ
ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺗﺨﺖﺟﻤﺸﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x

 x‬ﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻳﺮ‪ ،.‬ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎ‪: D‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﻗﻠﻢﮔﻴﺮ‪x‬ﻫﺎ‪ x
 x‬ﺻﻔﻮﻳﻪ
 ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﻲﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻮ
‬
‫ﺟﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺎﻧﺪ
‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺦ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﺎ? ﺧﻄﻲ ﻇﺮ ﺳﻔﺎﻟﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫
‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺘﻔﺎ ‪ +‬ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺧﻂ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﮔﻲ
 ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖﮔﺮﻳﻲ
ﺟﺤﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻠﺰ‪ ،x‬ﭘﺎ
ﭼﻪ ‪ I: x

 ،...‬ﺑﻮﻳﻪ  ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ + .‬ﺧﺮ ﺳﺪ‪ x‬ﭼﻬﺎ
‪ B‬ﻫـ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ 
ﭘﻲ ‪ .:‬ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ 
ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻛﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﺧﻂ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻜﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮ‪ .‬ﭘﺎﻳﻪ  ﺻﻮ‪ I‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎ
ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ 
ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪
 x‬ﻫﺎ‪x‬‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻘﺎ‪ I‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮ‪ 
 
B‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ  ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﻧﺪ ‪+‬ﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﭘﻨﻬﺎ‪
  .‬ﻧﻲ‬
‫‪b‬ﻛﺮ ﺷﺪ 
‪:‬ﺛﺎ

‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ‪ x‬ﺑﻪ ﻳﮋ 
ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ I: x
 x‬ﺟﻼﻳﺮ)ﻗﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 
.:‬ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺗﺮﻳﻦ  ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺧﻄﻮ‪ #‬ﻃﺮ_ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﻫﻤﻮ
‬
‫ﻫﺸﺘﻢ( ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺗﻲﻧﺪ‪ r‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮ‪ .‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﺸﺘﻢ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ 
‬ ‫
‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﺧﻮﻳﺶ ﺳﺎﮔﻲ  ﺗﺠﺮﻳﺪ
 ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖﮔﺮﻳﻲ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ ﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ 
ﻛﺎ
ﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﮔﺎ‪B‬ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﺪ
ﻛﺎﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺗﻲ  ﺑﺪﻋﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻧﻮ  ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﻲ 
‪
 .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﻌﻲ‬
‫‪+‬ﻣﻴﻨﻪ‪
x‬ﺷﺪ  ﺗﻄﻮ

 ﺑﺮ‪: x‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺳﺪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺑﻌﺪ‪)x‬ﺗﻴﻤﻮ
‪  x‬ﺻﻔﻮ‪(x‬‬ ‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ ﭘﺪﻳﺪ‪ x‬ﻣﺠﺰ  ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪x‬‬
‫‪:‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺘﻮ‪  x‬ﻫﺪﻓﺪ
‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ‪ + 
.:‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺑﺼﺮ‪ x‬ﺟﺪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺧﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪.‬ﻳﺮﻧﻲ 
ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﺸﺘﻢ‪+
 ،‬ﻣﻴﻨﻪ‪ x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﭘﺮ ‪:‬ﻫﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﺷﻮ‪ .‬ﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮ
ﻋﺎ‪ B‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ‪+‬ﻳﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪ x‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ‬
‫ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﻮ 
‪:‬ﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺷﺘﻪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺪ‪ x‬ﻧﺴﺦ ﺧﻄﻲ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻮ‪ #‬‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ‪ 1x‬ﻣﺤﺴﻮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ +‬ﻳﻦ 
 
ﺳﺖ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺻﺤﻨﻪﻫﺎ‪: x‬ﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻛﺎ
ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ژﮔﺎ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ‪ :C‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﮕﺎﮔﺮ‪C‬‬

‫* ﻧﺸﻴﺎ ﻧﺸﻜﺪ‪ -‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻧﺸﮕﺎ ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺪ!‬

 ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪-2‬‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪-1‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎ] ﻫﻨﺮ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎ] ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺳﻼﻣﻲ‪،‬‬
‫‪R‬ﺗﻮ ﭘﻮپ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﺴﻮ<‬

‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪-3‬‬ ‫ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻼ ﺑﺮ ‪ .:‬ﺗﻌﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ‪ x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺗﻚ 

ﻗﻲ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻮﺟﻮ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ
‬

‫ﻛﺘﺎ] ﻻﺗﻴﻦ  ﻣﻮ‬

‫ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪﻧﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻮ‪ .‬ﺳﺘﺎ ﺟﻨﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺪﻟﺤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﻮ ﺧﻴﺎ‪،B‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ
ﻳﺮﻧﻲ‬
‫‪ B‬ﻗﺮ< ‪ 8‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 10‬ﻫﺠﺮ‪-‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺧﻴﺎ‪ ... B‬ﻛﺎ
ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ x
 .‬ﺗﻴﻤﻮ
‪ ،x‬ﺗﺮﻛﻤﺎﻧﺎ‪  .‬ﺻﻔﻮ‪ x‬ﺑﻪ ﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻮ‪ x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‬
‫ـ ﻗﻠﻢ ﮔﻴﺮ‪ x‬ﻳﺎ ﺳﻴﺎ ﻗﻠﻢ ـ
ﻏﺒﺖ ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
ﻧﺸﺎ‪ .‬ﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ‪I‬ﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻬﺰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﻠﻄﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ  ﺷﺎﮔﺮﻧﺸﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ ﺛﺮ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﻫﻨﺮ‪،x‬‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮ ‪1387‬‬

‫ﺑﺪﻋﻲ  ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺘﻮ‪ ،x‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‪ x‬ﻛﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﻗﺰﻳﻦ ‬

‫ﺻﻔﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻛﺎ
ﻫﺎﻳﺸﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺗﻚ 
ﻗﻲ ﺧﺘﺼﺎ‡ ﭘﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪39‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ x‬ﻣﺼﻮ
ﺑﻴﺶ ‪ +‬ﻫﺮ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ ﻳﮕﺮ‪
 x‬ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﻗﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﻮ ‪+‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﭘﺮﺧﺖ‪
 .‬ﺳﺪ‪ x‬ﻳﺎ‪ +‬ﻫـ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻠﻪ‪
x‬ﺿﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫– ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﺻﻔﻬﺎ‪ – .‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ‪ I‬ﺧﻮ
ﺳﻴﺪ  ﺗﺎ ﺧﺮ ﻗﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻴﻮ‪ x‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻛﻼﺳﻴﻚ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﻲ ﻛﻪ 
ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺸﻜﺪ‪ x‬ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎ‪+ x‬ﻳﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺎﮔﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﺼﻮ
‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺷﻔﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻳﻮﺳﻒ‪،‬‬
‫ﺧﺘﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪ .‬ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ‪ B‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ ﻣﺪ
ﺳﻪ‪ x‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻪ 
ﺳﺎ‪1309I‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻗﺎﺳﻢ  ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫـ‪ .‬ﺷﻤﺴﻲ  ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺖ ﺳﺘﺎ ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻃﺎﻫﺮ‪ +‬ﺑﻬﺰ ‪:‬ﻏﺎ‪ +‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻳﺞ  ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ 
ﭘﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻠﻪ‪ x‬ﺷﺎ ﻋﺒﺎ‪ ،B D‬ﻣﺮگ‬
‫ﻣﺪ
ﺳﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺼﺪ ﺣﻴﺎ  ﺑﺎ‪+‬ﺳﺎ‪ x+‬ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﺻﻮ
? ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﮔﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻓﺎ‪
x‬ﺿﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻫﺠﻮ‪ B‬ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺑﻴﮕﺎﻧﮕﺎ‪ ،.‬ﺳﻮء ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺖ ‪،...‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺑﺮ‪: x‬ﻣﻮ‪:  f+‬ﻓﺮﻳﻨﺶ ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ‪،x‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎ? ﺿﻤﺤﻼ‪ I‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ‪ x‬ﭘﺮ ﺷﻜﻮ ﺻﻔﻮﻳﻪ
 ﻓﺮﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﺳﺎ‪.+‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺬﻫﻴﺐ ‪ ...‬ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪
 .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺪ
ﺳﻪ ﺷﺎﮔﺮﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪ‪B‬‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ 
‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ x
 .‬ﻗﺎﺟﺎ

ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻨﺮ 
‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﺘﻲ ﻗﻮ‪
 x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺻﻴﻞ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮ
ﻧﺪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺸﺎ
 ‪+‬ﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺮ‪ r‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‪ x‬ﭘﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ 
 
ﺧﻠﻖ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
‬
‫****‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﺗﻚ 
ﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺼﻮ
ﺳﺎ‪ x+‬ﻛﺘﺎ )ﺑﻪ ﻳﮋ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻴﻮ‪ x‬ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫
ﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻋﻼ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻓﺎ
ﺳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪:‬ﻧﻬﺎ ﭘﺮﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﭼﺎپ ﺳﻨﮕﻲ(‪ ،‬ﺟﻠﺪﺳﺎ‪ + … ،x+‬ﺧﻮ ﺧﻼﻗﻴﺖ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﻴﺮ‪ x‬ﻧﺸﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﻲﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﭘﮋﻫﺶ  ﺑﺮ
ﺳﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﻜﺘﻮ ﻣﺴﺘﺸﺮﻗﺎ‪
 .‬ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻲ ‪+‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﭼﻪ 
‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻳﻦ 
 ﺣﺪﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ 
ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ  ﺻﻔﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﺑﺮ
ﺳﻲ ﻳﻦ ﻫﻨﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻲ
‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ 
‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮ
ﻋﺎ‪ B‬ﻳﺪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮ ﻧﺪ
 ﻟﻲ 
ﻛﻞ ﺷﺮﻋﻲ ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﻜﺘﺐ‬
‫ﻃﻲ ﺳﺪ‪ x‬ﺧﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﻛﺘﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻫﺶﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﻣﺘﺤﻮ‪ I‬ﻧﺸﺪ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮ ﺟﺎ‪ x‬ﺑﺤﺚ 
‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﺪﺗ ًﺎ ﺑﺮ
ﺳﻲ ‪ .:‬ﺳﺘﻪ ‪: +‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ
 
ﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ 
ﻣﻮ‪+‬ﻫﺎ‪x‬‬ ‫
ﺻﺪ ﺳﺎ‪ I‬ﺧﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ  ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﻊ ‪ .:‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‪ 
 ،‬ﺷﻜﻞ ‬
‫ﺳﺘﺎﻧﺒﻮ‪ ،I‬ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺮﭘﻠﻴﺘﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﮔﺎﻟﺮ‪ x‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻓﺮﻳﻴﺮ ﺷﻨﮕﺘﻦ ‪ ...‬؛ ﻳﺎ 
‬ ‫ﺷﻴﻮ‪ x‬ﻣﺘﻔﺎ? ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪ .‬ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ ﻣﺪ
ﺳﻪ‪ x‬ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻈﺮﻓﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﻧﮕﻬﺪ
‪ x‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ
ﻫﺒﺮ‪ x‬ﻛﻤﺎ‪I‬ﻟﻤﻠﻚ 
ﺳﺎ‪ 1288 I‬ﻫـ‪ .‬ﺷﻤﺴﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ ﺟﻨﺒﺶ ﺑﻪ‬
 ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻻﺗﻴﻦ ‪ $‬ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ‬
‫
ﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺘﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ  ﺑﺮ
ﺳﻲ ﭘﮋﻫﺶﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻻﺗﻴﻦ ﻛﻪ ‪ +‬ﻧﻈﺮ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪-4‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‪ x‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
ﻏﻨﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪
 .‬ﻣﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻟﻪ‪ -‬ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎ<‬
‫ﻫﻨﺮ‪ - ،‬ﺻﻔﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ  ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎ
‪ x‬ﻓﺎ
ﺳﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪ‪ x‬ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ?‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻳﻮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻌﺎ
‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺟﻐﺮﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺳﻔﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﮔﺰ
‪ f‬ﻛﺎ
ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ )ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺷﺖ(‪،‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺘﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
‪ ... x‬ﻛﻪ ‪ +‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻲ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ 

ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻲ
ﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮ
‬
‫ﺑﺮ
ﺳﻲ ﻗﺮ
ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲﺗﺮﻳﻦ  ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻧﮓ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ?)‪:‬ﻟﺒﻮ‪ (B‬ﻣﻌﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺘﺲ)‪ (Diez‬ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﺎﻧﺮﻳﺶ ﻓﺮﻳﺪ
ﻳﺶ ﻓﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﺲ )‪F. Von Diez .‬‬
‫‪ (Heinrich‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﺳﻔﻴﺮ ﭘﺮ‪
 2D‬ﺳﺘﺎﻧﺒﻮ‪
 ،I‬ﺧﺮ ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﺠﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻼ‪ x‬ﺑﻪ 
ﭘﺎ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪ  ﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﻮ‪
 .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻠﻰ ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎ‪ B‬‬
‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪ
‪ x‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪.‬‬
‫
ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﻧﻮ‪+‬ﻫﻢ ﻣﻴﻼ‪ x‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮ
ﺟﺪ‪ ،x‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ 
‪+‬ﻣﻴﻨﻪ‪ x‬ﻫﻨﺮ ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎ
‪ x‬ﺳﻼﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮ
 ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻋﺪ‪ + x‬ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎ‪ .‬ﻏﺮﺑﻲ ﻗﺮ
ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‪-5‬‬
‫ﻓﺮ‪ x‬ﭘﺲ ‪ +‬ﻓﺮﮔﻴﺮ‪+ x‬ﺑﺎ‪ .‬ﻛﺸﻮ
ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎ‪
 ،.‬ﺧﺮ ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﻧﻮ‪+‬ﻫﻢ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎ] ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﻫﻨﺮ<‬ ‫ ﻟﻴﻦ ﺳﺎ‪I‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻴﻼ‪ ،x‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﺮ  ﻋﺪ‪x‬‬

‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ
‬
‫ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻣﺄﻣﻮ
‪ .‬ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ‪
 ،‬ﻛﺸﻮ
ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮ‪: x
:‬ﺛﺎ
‬
‫ﻫﻨﺮ‪ + x‬ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻣﻲﭘﺮ‪+‬ﻧﺪ‪ .‬ژﻟﻴﺲ
ﻳﭽﺎ
 ‪(Jules Richard‬‬
‫)‪ 1816‬ـ ‪ (1891‬ﻓﺮﻧﺴﻮ‪) x‬ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻧﺎﺻﺮﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺷﺎ 
ﺳﻔﺮ ﻓﺮﻧﮓ( ‪ +‬ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺮ‪ x‬ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺼﺪ ﮔﺮ‪: x
:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﻳﺮ‪
 .‬ﺳﺎ‪ 1844 I‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪x‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﺮ‪ .‬ﻣﻲ ‪:‬ﻳﺪ‪
.‬ﻳﭽﺎ
 ﻃﻲ ﻗﺎﻣﺘﺶ 
ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮ‪: x
:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪x‬‬

‫ﺗﻴﺮ ‪1387‬‬
‫ﻣﻰﭘﺮ‪
  3.+‬ﻫﻨﮕﺎ‪ B‬ﺗﺮ‪ r‬ﺗﻬﺮ‪ .‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪ x‬ﻧﻔﻴﺴﻲ ‪: +‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪x‬‬
‫
 ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎ
ﻳﺲ ﻣﻲﺑﺮ  
ﺳﺎ‪ 1894 I‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪ x‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪: + x‬ﺛﺎ
‬
‫‪40‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﻳﺮ‪ + .‬ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ‪ +‬ﻧﺴﺦ ﺧﻄﻲ
 
ﻫﺘﻞ ِ
?‬
‫)‪
 (Drouot‬ﻣﻌﺮ ﻓﺮ‪ f‬ﻗﺮ
ﻣﻲﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﺴﺰﻳﻲ ﺑﺮ
ﻧﺪ ﻫﻨﺮ‪x‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﺎﺷﺎ‪ .‬ﭘﺎ
ﻳﺲ ﺑﺮ ﺟﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﻲﮔﺬ
‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ
ﺗﻴﻦ)‪ + (F.R. Martin‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﺸﺮﻗﺎﻧﻲ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻳﭙﻠﻤﺎ? ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﻮﺋﺪ‪ ،x‬ﺑﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ‪: x
:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻣﻬﻢ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻳﺮﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﺳﻴﺎ_  ﻛﺎﺷﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ‪: x
:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﻳﺮ‪  .‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﺸﻮ
ﻫﺎ‪x‬‬ ‫
ﻳﻞ ﺳﺪ‪ x‬ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﭘﺮﺧﺘﻪ ﺳﺖ‪  .‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ 
ﺳﺘﺎﻧﺒﻮ‪I‬‬
‫ﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﭘﺮﺧﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ
ﺿﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ‪
 6‬ﺳﺎ‪ 1914 I‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪ x‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﻦ ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻔﺮ  ﻛﻤﻴﺎ
 ﺟﻤﻊ‪  x
:‬ﺑﺎ ﻳﺠﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﺎﻳﻲ 
‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺮ ﺷﻨﺎ‪: D‬ﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫
ﭘﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ
‪ .‬ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮ‪+‬ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮ‪ f‬ﻣﻲ
ﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮ
ﻣﺜﺎ‪ I‬ﻳﻮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺣﻀﻮ
‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ  ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ 
ﻣﻮ‪+‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻏﺮ ‪+‬‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻄﺎ‪ .‬ﺣﻤﺪ ﺟﻼﻳﺮ ـ ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﺷﺎﻫﻜﺎ
ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ 
‪ I: x‬ﺟﻼﻳﺮـ 
‬
‫ﺧﺮ ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﺠﺪ ﻣﻴﻼ‪ x‬ﻗﺪﻣﺖ 
‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﻳﻦ ﺣﺎ‪ I‬ﻣﺴﺘﺸﺮﻗﺎ‪ + .‬ﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺎ‪ 1912 I‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪
 x‬ﺳﺘﺎﻧﺒﻮ‪ I‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺎ
ﺗﻴﻦ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ
‪ +  x‬ﻛﺸﻮ
ﺧﺎ
Š‬
‫ﺳﺪ‪ x‬ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻴﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮ
ﺳﻲ ﻳﻦ ﻫﻨﺮ ﭘﺮﺧﺘﻨﺪ‪ 8 .‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎ? ‪:‬ﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﮔﺮ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﻳﻮ‪

 .‬ﻣﻀﺎ‪ .‬ﺳﺎ‪ 805 I‬ﻫـ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻴﺮﻋﻠﻲ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ‪ x‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺨﻲ  ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﺘﻪ  ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻖ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ  ﺗﻤﺪﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ  ﺣﻮﺷﻲ ﻫﺸﺖ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ‪
 .: +‬ﺑﺮ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
ﻟﻄﻴﻒ‬
‫ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ ،.: .‬ﻳﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ

 ﺧﻠﻖ ﻛﺮﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻌﺎ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﻲ ﻛﺎ
ﻫﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ ‪+‬ﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺎ
ﺗﻴﻦ ‪ +‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﺧﻮ 
ﺳﺎ‪ 1912 I‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪x‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ﻧﻜﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﻣﺎ‪
: D‬ﻧﻮﻟﺪ )‪ (T.W, Arnold‬ﺟﺰ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻲ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮ‪» :.‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ  ﻧﻘﺎﺷﺎ‪.‬ﻳﺮﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻧﻲ  ﮔﻮ
ﻛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ «.‬ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺧﺎ
ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻮ ﻛﻪ 
ﺳﺎ‪ 1928 I‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪
 x‬ﻛﺘﺎ»ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ 
ﺳﻼ‪ «B‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﺎپ
ﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪ 5.‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﭼﺎپ ﺷﺪ 
ﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎ ﺧﻮ ﻳﻜﻲ ‪+‬‬
‫ﺑﺮ
ﺳﻲ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮﻧﮕﺎ
‪
 x‬ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻣﻲﭘﺮ‪
  9.+‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ 
ﺣﻮ‪ x+‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﺮﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻧﻲ  ﮔﻮ
ﻛﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻼ ﻣﺘﻌﺼﺒﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﻌﻲ ﻓﺮ 
ﺑﺰ
گ ﺟﻠﻮ ‪ .‬ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻋﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻣ ً‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻲ
‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ 
‪:‬ﻳﻴﻦ ﺳﻼ‪  
 B‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ
 ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﮕﻬﺪ
ﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻳﺪ
ﻳﺶ ﺳﺎ
 )‪  (F. Sarre‬ﻳﮕﻦ ﻣﻴﺖ “)‪ (E. Mittwoch‬ﺑﻪ‬
 ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪-6‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ B‬ﺻﻔﺤﺎ
‬
‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺑﻬﺮ ﻣﻴﺮ‪B‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻓﺎﺳﻲ ‪ $‬ﻣﻴﻨﻪ‪ 0‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﻧﮕﺎﮔﺮ‪0‬‬ ‫

ﺗﺤﻮ‪  I‬ﺗﻄﻮ
ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﺑﺮﻣﻲﺷﻤﺎ
‪ .‬ﻧﻈﺮ? ﻏﺮ!‪:‬ﻣﻴﺰ  ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ
‬

‫ﻳﺮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﻣﺸﻜﻼ? ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺳﻼ‪ ،B‬ﻫﻢﭼﻨﺎ‪

 .‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﻌﺎ ﻫﻨﺮ‪  x‬ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺨﻲ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ‪ ،x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻧﮕﻰ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮ‪ +‬ﺑﻪ ﻗﻮ? ﺧﻮ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﻧﻈﺮ 
ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻜﺘﻮ  ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻓﺎ
ﺳﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﻫﻤﻴﺖﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﻪ‪ x‬ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺄﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ 
‪b‬ﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
‪ + x‬ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎ‪  .‬ﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎ
‪ x‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﻛﺘﺎﻫﺎ‪
،‬ﺳﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ?)‪:‬ﻟﺒﻮ‪ ،(B‬ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺷﺖ )ﮔﺰ
‪f‬‬ ‫
ﺷﺘﻪ‪x‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻫﻨﺮ‪
x‬ﺳﻮ“ ﻛﺮ ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺎ
ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ(‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺘﻦ ﺧﻮ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﻮ
‪ ،x‬ﺳﻔﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫
ﻃﻮ‪ I‬ﻫﻪ‪ 1930 x‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪ x‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ  ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮ ‪1387‬‬

‫ﻛﺘﺎﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺟﻐﺮﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻳﻮ‪ .‬ﺷﻌﺎ
‪ ...‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻣﻬﻢﻫﻨﺮﺳﻼﻣﻲﺑﻪﻃﻮ
ﺟﺪ‪x‬ﻣﻮ
ﺗﻮﺟﻪﻗﺮ
ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪
.‬ﻫﻤﻴﻦ‪+‬ﻣﺎ‪.‬ﻋﺪ‪x‬‬
‫
ﺳﺎﻟﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺮ‪ ،‬ﺛﺮ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣﻨﺸﻲ 
ﺳﺎ‪I‬‬
‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪ +‬ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﺮ ‪ +‬ﻛﺸﻮ
ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﻋﺰﻳﻤﺖ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‪
: .‬ﺗﻮ
ﭘﻮپ‬
‫‪41‬‬ ‫)‪1881 B‬ـ‪(A. U, Pope)(1969‬ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﻤﺮ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ‪ f‬ﻓﻠﻴﺲ‬
‫‪ 1015‬ﻫـ‪.‬؛ ﻗﺎﻧﻮ‪ .‬ﻟﺼﻮ ِ
ﺻﺎﻗﻲﺑﻴﻚ ﻓﺸﺎ
)‪1019‬ـ‪ 940‬ﻫـ‪(.‬؛ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ‬
‫‪13‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺮ
‪ ،.‬ﺛﺮ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪ ﺗﺮ‪ r‬ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻨﺪ‪1008)x‬ـ ‪948‬ﻫـ‪(.‬؛‬ ‫ﻛﺮﻣﻦ )‪
 (Ph. Ackerman‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎ‪ .‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ 
ﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﻮپ ‪ +‬ﻫﻤﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ‪ +‬ﻛﺘﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ‪ x
:‬ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺛﺮ ﺳﻜﻨﺪ
ﺑﻴﻚ ﻣﻨﺸﻲ )ﺳﺪ‪x‬‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺪ‪ x‬ﺳﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺮ‪ ،.‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ  ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻋﻜﺲ ‪: +‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ  ﻣﻌﻤﺎ
‪ x‬ﻳﺮ‪
.‬‬
‫ﻳﺎ‪ +‬ﻫـ‪(.‬؛ ‪ + ...‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻜﺘﻮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮ 
ﺑﺎ ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻛﺘﺎ‪
:‬ﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﺮ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪
: .‬ﺗﻮ
ﭘﻮپ ﻫﻤﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ‪ + x‬ﭘﮋﻫﺸﮕﺮ‪ .‬ﻏﺮﺑﻲ)ﺣﺪ‬
‫ﻳﺮ‪ +  .‬ﺟﻤﻠﻪ 
ﺣﻮ‪ I‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﺎ‪  .‬ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺴﺎ‪ .‬ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻲ
ﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﺎ ﻧﻔﺮ( ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪ x‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎ? ﺧﻮ
 
ﺷﺶ ﺟﻠﺪ ﻛﺘﺎ ﺑﺰ
گ؛ ﺗﺤﺖ‬
‫)ﺗﺼﺎﻳﺮ ‪(5  4‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮ‪» .‬ﻫﻨﺮﻳﺮ‪ .
 + .‬ﻗﺒﻞ ‪ +‬ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﺗﺎ ‪+‬ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﺣﺎ‪ ،«I‬ﺑﻪ ‪+‬ﺑﺎ‪ .‬ﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ? ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎ
‪ x‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ 
‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﺘﺸﺎ
? ﻧﺸﮕﺎ ﻛﺴﻔﻮ
 
ﺳﺎ‪ 1938 I‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪ 1316/x‬ﻫـ‪ .‬ﺷﻤﺴﻲ‬
‫ﺣﻮ‪ x+‬ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻛﺘﺎ‪
:‬ﻳﻲ ﻋﻬﺪ
ﻧﺪ‪ُ .‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ 
ﻟﻐﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ‪x‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎپ ﻣﻲ
ﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪
 10.‬ﻧﺴﺖ ﻫﺮ‪+‬ﻓﻴﻠﺪ)‪(E. Herzfeld) (1879 – 1940‬‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﭘﺮﺻﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻲ 
ﺻﻄﻼ_ ژﮔﺰﻳﻨﻲ ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪x‬‬ ‫‪ +‬ﻧﺸﮕﺎ ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ  ‪:‬ﻧﺪ
 ﮔﺪ
)‪ (A. Godard) (1881–1965‬ﻣﺤﻘﻖ‬
‫‪: +‬ﺛﺎ
ﺗﻚ 
ﻗﻲ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ‪ ،‬ﺧﻂ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻮ‪ f‬ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﻲ ‪ ...‬ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻧﺴﻮ‪ x‬ﻫﻢ ‪ +‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﻓﺮ‪ x‬ﺑﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻲ ﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻪ ‪:‬ﻧﻬﺎ
 ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﺑﺮﮔﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﺿﺨﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﻏﺬ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻘﻮ ﭼﺴﺒﺎﻧﺪ  ﮔﺎﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﭼﻬﺎ
ﺟﻠﺪ‪:» x‬ﺛﺎ
ﻳﺮ‪ + «.‬ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎ? 
‪+‬ﺷﻤﻨﺪ  ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻃﺮ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﺑﺎ ﺟﺪ‪ ،I‬ﺷﻤﺴﻪﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ
‪ f‬ﺗﺬﻫﻴﺐ  ﺗﺸﻌﻴﺮ‬ ‫
ﻧﺴﺖ ﻛﻮﺋﻨﻞ )‪
 (E. Kuhnel) (1882 – 1946‬ﻳﭽﺎ
 ﺗﻴﻨﮕﻬﺎ‪.+‬‬
‫ﻣﺰﻳﻦ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﻳﻦ 
! ﺑﻪ
‪f‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺻﺤﺎﻓﻲ  
‪.‬‬ ‫)‪(R. Ettinghausen) (1906 – 1979‬ﻧﻴﺰ ‪ +‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎ‪: .‬ﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺟﻠﺪ ‪+‬ﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ  ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻣﻜﺘﻮ ‪+‬ﻳﺎ‪ x‬ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ ﻛﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ‪I+‬‬
‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ  ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ)‪:‬ﻟﺒﻮ‪ (B‬ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﺳﻨﺖﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﻬﻢ ﻫﻨﺮ‪
 x‬ﺟﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮ‪
 x‬ﻧﻴﻤﻪ‪ B x‬ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻴﻼ‪
 x‬ﻣﻮ
 ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻼ‪ B‬ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻲ
‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎ‪ D‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮ‪ ،‬ﺳﻨﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺗﺎ ﻗﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﺗﺪﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮ ﺳﺖ‪
 11.‬ﭼﻨﺪ ﻫﻪ‪ x‬ﺧﻴﺮ ﻫﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﻫﺎ‪+ x‬ﻳﺎ‪
 x‬‬
‫ﻫﺸﺘﻢ ﻫـ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ
ﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ x

 14 .‬ﺗﻴﻤﻮ
‪  x‬ﺻﻔﻮﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻋﻼﻗﻪ‪x‬‬ ‫‪+‬ﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ‪  x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﺑﺮﺳﺎ‪ D‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻏﻨﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪x‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ? ﻳﺠﺎ ﺷﺪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ  ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ 
ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ ﻣﻮ‪ x+‬ﺧﺎ
Š ﺗﺪﻳﻦ ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪) .‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ 1‬ﺗﺎ‪(3‬‬
 ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ -7‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺑﻬﺮ ﻣﻴﺮ‪B‬‬

‫ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ? ﺑﺎ ﺷﻤﺎ

ﻫﺎ‪H.2160 .H.2152.،H.2153.،H.2154x‬‬ ‫ﻫـ‪
 .‬ﻳﺮ‪ ،.‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻧﻲ  ﻫﻨﺪ‪ 15‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
ﻣﻮ
 ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮ
ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﻖ ﺳﻨﺖ‬

‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ
‬
‫ﻧﺎ‪B‬ﮔﺬ
‪ x‬ﺷﺪﻧﺪ)ﺣﺮ ﻻﺗﻴﻦ ‪ + H‬ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ‪ Hazine‬ﺧﺰﻳﻨﻪ = ﮔﻨﺠﻴﻨﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ? ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲﺗﺮ ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﻫﺮ ﺑﺮﮔﻪ‪ x‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ" ﻳﻚ ﺛﺮ ﺗﻚ‬
‫ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ(‪.‬‬ ‫
ﻗﻲ ﻟﺼﺎ! ﻣﻲ ﻛﺮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻲ ‪ +‬ﻳﻞ ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﻢ ﻫﺠﺮ‪ ،x‬ﻫﺮ ﺑﺮﮔﻪ‪ x‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ‪ I‬ﺑﻪ »ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﻨﻘﺮ« ﻣﻌﺮ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ ‪ +‬ﻳﻚ ﺛﺮ ﺗﻚ 
ﻗﻲ
 
ﺑﺮ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮ‪
 .‬ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ‪ +‬ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ?‪ ،‬ﻫﺮ ﺑﺮﮔﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﮔﺮ‪  x
:‬ﻧﺎ‪ B‬ﮔﺮ‪
:‬ﻧﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻴﻞ ﺟﻮ ﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪ + x‬ﻗﻄﻌﺎ? ﺻﺎﻟﻲ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻲ ﺷﺒﺎﻫﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻬﻞ ﺗﻜﻪ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ ﻳﺎﺷﺖﻫﺎ  ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
‪ + x‬ﺑﺎﻳﺴﻨﻘﺮ ﻣﻴﺮ‪ +‬ﭘﺴﺮ ﺷﺎﻫﺮ“ ﺗﻴﻤﻮ
‪ ،x‬ﺑﻪ ﻳﻦ ﻧﺎ‪B‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬
‫‪
:‬ﺳﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻴﺮ ‪1387‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮ ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ + .‬ﻃﺮ ﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ‪: +‬ﺛﺎ
ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ
‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﺣﻴﺎ? ﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ? ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x
 x‬ﻳﻚ ﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ 
‪:‬ﻏﺎ‪ +‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻗﺮ
‬
‫ﺷﺎﻫﺰ‪ x‬ﻛﺘﺎﺳﺖ  ﺑﺰ
ﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻣﻲ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻛﺘﺎ‪
:‬ﻳﻲ 
‪ x‬ﺗﻴﻤﻮ
‪x‬‬ ‫
‪ .‬ﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪﻫﺎ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ" ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﺻﺤﺎﻓﻲ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ 
‪
 .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ‪ 68× 50‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ  ‪ 98‬ﺑﺮگ ﺗﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎ‪ B‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪  .‬ﺷﺮ_ ﺣﺎ‪ I‬ﻛﻮﺗﺎ ﻳﺸﺎ‪ .‬ـ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺗﻮﻟﻲ ‪+‬ﻣﺎﻧﻲ ـ ﻧﺎ‪B‬‬ ‫‪42‬‬

‫‪ 361‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻧﻘﻮ‪ f‬ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﻲ)ﺷﻤﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺬﻫﻴﺐ  ﻏﻴﺮ( ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﺎ

‪ f‬ﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎ‪ B‬ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪
 .‬ﭘﺎﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪ ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﺗﻤﺎ‪ B‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻫﻢﭼﻨﻴﻦ ‪ 114‬ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﻧﮕﻬﺪ
‪ x‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪ .‬ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲﺗﺮﻳﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ‬ ‫‪17‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ" ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﻣﺎ ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻌﺮ ﺳﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺴﺖ   ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ‪ +‬ﺻﺤﻨﻪ‪ x‬ﻣﻌﺮŠ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺒﺮ ﺳﻼ‪ (‡)B‬ﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ? ﻋﻼ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ‪: +‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﺗﻚ 
ﻗﻲ‪
 ،‬ﺑﺮﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪x‬‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ‪:‬ﻧﻬﺎ 
ﻗﻄﻊ ﺑﺰ
گ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‪ x‬ﻛﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ )‪68× 50‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ‪: +‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﺳﺘﺎ‪ .‬ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻮ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﺮ‪:‬ﻣﻮ‪ .+‬ﺟﻮ‪x
+ .‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ(
 
ﺑﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ
ﺳﺪ ﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ‬ ‫‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻣﻮﺟﻮ 
‪ ،.:‬ﻣﺸﻖ ﻧﻈﺮ‪ x‬ﻳﺎ ﻣﺜﻨﻲﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻣﻲﻛﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ‪ +‬ﻧﮕﺎ
ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﻚ ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﻌﺮŠ ﻧﺒﻮ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻛﺸﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ? ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ 
ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ  ﺗﺪ‪ B‬ﺳﻨﺖ ‪:‬ﻣﻮ‪ f+‬ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ‪،x‬‬
‫ ﻧﺸﺎ‪ . .‬ﺻﺤﻨﻪ ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺳﻔﺮ ﻣﻌﺮŠ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﺗﻚ 
ﻗﻲ ﻛﺎ
ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ 
ﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻣﻨﺴﻮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺘﺎ ﺣﻤﺪ ﻣﻮﺳﻲ ‪ +‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﺎ‪ x
 .‬ﻳﻠﺨﺎﻧﻲ ﺳﺖ‪
 .‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮ‪
 +‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ  ﻣﻮ‪+‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺑﺰ
گ ﺟﻬﺎ‪ ،.‬ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎﺗﻲ ‪+‬‬
‫ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺗﻌﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﭘﻴﺶ ﻃﺮ_ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ‪ +‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪ
‪ x‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪ .‬ﺷﺎ
 ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮﻗﻊﻫﺎ ﻋﻤﻮﻣ ًﺎ 
‪x‬‬
‫‪ I:‬ﺟﻼﻳﺮ ﻣﻨﺴﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﻮ ﺷﺎ ﻟﺨﻴﺎ‪ ،B‬ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺷﻴﺮ‪  x+‬ﻋﺒﺪﷲ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪ‪
 x‬ﺷﺮ_ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
 ﺣﻮ‪ I‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪﻧﻲ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
‪:‬ﻧﻬﺎ 
‪ .:‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪ
‪x‬‬
‫ﺑﺨﺎ
‪ x‬ﺟﻮ 
‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪ .‬ﻋﻼ ﺑﺮ ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ?‪ + ،‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ
ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎ‪ 860 I‬ﻫـ‪ .‬ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ‪  x‬ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻲ
ﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
‪ + x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﻲ ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺣﺘﻤﺎ ًﻻ ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﺎ? ﭼﺎ
‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ  ﺑﺎ
‪f+‬ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ? ﻳﺮﻧﻲ 
ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪x‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺟﺎ?‪ ،‬ﻇﺮ  ‪:‬ﻻ? ﻓﻠﺰ‪ ،x‬ﺳﻔﺎ‪  I‬ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﺎ?  ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
‪x‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮ‪ x+‬ﺗﻮﭘﻘﺎﭘﻲﺳﺮ‪  x‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ x‬ﻧﺸﮕﺎ ﺳﺘﺎﻧﺒﻮ‪ I‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪ
‪ x‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ‪ 
 .: x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ‪: +‬ﺛﺎ
ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ 
ﺳﺎ‪I‬‬ ‫‪ +‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮ ﭼﻬﻞ  ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮ 
ﻳﻦ  ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻬﺎ
ﻣﺮﻗﻊ‬
‫‪18‬‬
‫‪ 1961‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪ x‬ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎپ
ﺳﻴﺪ ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ ‪ +‬ﻫﻤﻪ 
‪ f+
 x‬ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﺑﻮ  ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ )‪ B ( .H 2153‬ﺑﺘﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮ‪:».‬ﻟﺒﻮ‪ B‬ﻓﺎﺗﺢ«‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ‪ +‬ﻧﺎ‪B‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ 
‪.‬ﻫﺎ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ
 
ﺧﻮ ﺟﺎ‪ x‬ﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
 ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‪ -8‬ﻣﺮ ﺟﻮ<‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻧﮓ  ﻏﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‪ -9‬ﺷﺎﻫﺰ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺟﻨﺘﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﻠﻴﻨﻲ‬

‫ﻓﺎﺗﺢ ﻗﺴﻄﻨﻄﻨﻴﻪ ـﺴﻠﻄﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ‪ B‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﻧﺎ‪B‬ﮔﺬ

‪ x‬ﺷﺪ ﺑﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ
‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎ

ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ  ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎ‪:» B‬ﻟﺒﻮ‪ B‬ﻳﻌﻘﻮ ﺑﻴﻚ«‬
‫ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺘﻤﺎ‪+ I‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺖﻳﻌﻘﻮ ﺑﻴﻚ )‪896‬ـ‪884‬‬
‫ﻫـ‪ + (.‬ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ‪ x‬ﺗﺮﻛﻤﺎﻧﺎ‪!: .‬ﻗﻮﻳﻮﻧﻠﻮ 
ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ ﮔﺮ‪  x
:‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ 
‪:‬ﻣﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ 
ﻗﻄﻊ ‪ 50/2× 32/8‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ‪x
 ،‬‬
‫‪ 199‬ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻫﺮ ﺑﺮگ ‪ .:‬ﭼﻬﺎ
ﺛﺮ ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﭼﺴﺒﺎﻧﺪ ﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮ ‪1387‬‬

‫ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻓﻮ! 

‪ 546 x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪
 .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪ ‪+‬ﻳﺎ‪ x‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ  ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻛﻪ ‪: x
+‬ﺛﺎ
ﭼﻴﻨﻲ ﻛﭙﻲﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﺷﺪ‪،‬‬
‫‪43‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮ ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ )‪ (H.2154‬ﺳﻮ‪ B‬ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﻣﻌﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ  ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ?‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻲ
‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻣﻌﺮ ﺑﻪ»ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺑﻬﺮ‪ B‬ﻣﻴﺮ‪
  «+‬ﺻﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻔﺎ
‪f‬‬
‫ﺷﺎ ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﺑﻬﺮ‪ B‬ﻣﻴﺮ‪ +‬ﭘﺴﺮ ﺷﺎ ﺳﻤﺎﻋﻴﻞ ‪931) I‬ـ‪ 907‬ﻫـ‪(.‬‬
‫
ﺳﻂ ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﻢ ﻫـ‪ .‬ﮔﺮ‪ x
:‬ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮ‪+
 ،‬ﻳﺮﻧﻮﻳﺲ‬
‫ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺧﻮ ﺷﺎ ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺷﺪ‪: ،‬ﺷﻜﺎ
ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ 
ﻗﻄﻊ ‪ 48/4 × 34 /5‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ‪ 148  ،‬ﺑﺮگ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪144‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮ_ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻚ ﺑﺮگﻫﺎﻳﻲ ‪ +‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎ‪x‬‬
‫ﺧﻄﻲ‪  ،‬ﻗﻄﻌﺎ? ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺑﺎ ﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪ‪ x‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
ﻣﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ -10‬ﻣﺜﻨﻲﺑﺮ‪ - B -‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ ،9‬ﺑﻬﺰ‬
‫ﺳﺖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ  ﻣﻮ
“ ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﻋﺼﺮ ﺻﻔﻮ‪ x‬ﻛﻪ 
ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ‪951‬‬
‫ﭼﻴﻨﻲ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ‪:‬ﻧﻬﺎ
 ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﻮ‪».‬ﻛﺎ
ﺳﺘﺎ‪ .‬ﺧﺘﺎﻳﻲ« ﻧﺎ‪B‬‬ ‫ﻫﺠﺮ‪ x‬ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻧﻤﻮ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮ‪ .‬ﻛﺜﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ  ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ‪x‬‬
‫ﺑﺮ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ‪ +‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﮔﻞ  ﻣﺮ{ ﻛﺎ
ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬‬ ‫ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ ﻳﻞ 
‪ x‬ﺻﻔﻮﻳﻪ ﺳﺖ ‪ +‬ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﺗﻚ 
ﻗﻲ‬
‫ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ 
ﭘﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ‪ +‬ﻳﮕﺮ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻲ ‪: +‬ﻧﻬﺎ ﺻﻮ
? ﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ  ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ ﻟﻲ ﻧﻘﺎ‪ ،f‬ﺳﺘﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ‪I‬ﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻬﺰ  ﺷﺎ‬
‫ﺟﻮﻧﻲ
 ﻧﺸﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﻰﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ
ﻧﮓ
ﻏﻦ ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻛﺎﻏﺬ ﻛﺎ
ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻈﻔﺮ‪).‬ﺗﺼﺎﻳﺮ ‪(7  6‬‬
‫)ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ .( 8‬ﻳﻦ ﺛﺮ ﻛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻴﺰ‪ x‬ﺳﺖ‪ 19.‬ﻳﮕﺮ‪ x‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ‪ +‬ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‪ + x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ  ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﺪ‪ x‬ﻫﺸﺘﻢ ‬
‫ﺷﺎﻫﺰ ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻧﻲ 
ﺣﺎ‪ I‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻦ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﻮ‪
 .‬ﻣﻮ‪ +‬ﻳﺰﺑﻼ ﮔﺎ
ﻧﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﻢ ﻫـ‪ + .‬ﻳﮕﺮ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ

‪+‬ﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻰ
ﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺗﻚ‬
‫) ‪ (Isabella Gardner‬ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﻮ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﻧﮕﻬﺪ
‪ x‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪ 20.‬ﻳﻦ‬ ‫
ﻗﻲ »ﻣﻌﺮŠ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺒﺮ ﺳﻼ‪ «B‬ﺛﺮ ﺣﻤﺪ ﻣﻮﺳﻲ ‪ +‬ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲﺗﺮﻳﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻠﻢ  ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﻗﻬﻮ‪ x‬ﻫﻤﺮ ﺑﺎ ‪:‬ﺑﺮﻧﮓ 
ﻧﮓ ﻃﻼﻳﻲ ﺑﺮ
‪x‬‬ ‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ + .‬ﻳﮕﺮ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺪ‪ + x‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ  ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪x‬‬
 ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ -12‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺷﺎ ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﺑﺮ‪ -‬ﺑﺮ‪ i‬ﺑﻬﺮ ﻣﻴﺮ‪B‬‬

‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ -11‬ﻣﻬﺮ ﺷﻔﻴﻊ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ ﻫﻤﺮ ﺑﺎ‬

‫ﺗﺎﻳﺦ ﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﺎ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻏﺬ ﻛﺎ
ﺷﺪ  ﻣﻨﺴﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ‪»x‬ﺟﻨﺘﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﻠﻴﻨﻲ«‬

‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ
‬
‫)‪ (Gentile Bellini‬ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ 
ﺳﺎ‪ 885 I‬ﻫﺠﺮ‪1480/x‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﻼ‪

 (x‬ﺑﺎ
ﺳﻠﻄﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ‪
 B‬ﺳﺘﺎﻧﺒﻮ‪ I‬ﻛﺎ
ﻛﺮ‬
‫ﺳﺖ‪
 .‬ﻛﻨﺎ
ﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻂ ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‪» :‬ﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺆ‪«.b‬‬
‫ﻛﻪ ‪ +‬ﺳﺘﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﺸﻬﻮ
ﻓﺮﻧﮓ ﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪) .‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‬
‫‪ (9‬ﻳﻦ ﺛﺮ ﺣﺘﻤﺎ ًﻻ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﻫﺪﻳﻪ ‪ +‬ﻃﺮ ﺳﻠﻄﺎ‪ .‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ‬

‫ﺗﻴﺮ ‪1387‬‬
‫ﺷﻴﺨﻲ  ﺷﺼﺖ ﺛﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺳﻴﺎ ﻗﻠﻢ ﻣﻨﺘﺴﺐ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫
ﺑﺎ
ﺳﻠﻄﺎ‪ .‬ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﻘﺮ )‪ 875‬ـ‪911‬ﻫﺠﺮ‪ (x‬ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎ ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺳﺘﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﻮ‪ $ $‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ )ﻣﻌﺮ‪ Y‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‪I‬ﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻬﺰ ﺣﺪً ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺎ‪I‬ﻫﺎ‪ 891x‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 906‬ﻫﺠﺮ‪ .: x
+ x‬ﻛﭙﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻛﺮ ﺳﺖ‪).‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‪(10‬‬ ‫‪44‬‬
‫‪$‬ﻳﺘﺲ ‪(Diez‬‬
‫ﻋﻼ ﺑﺮ ﭼﻬﺎ
ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻣﻮ
 ﺷﺎ
‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ? ﻣﻌﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺑﻬﺮ‪ B‬ﻣﻴﺮ‪ +‬ﻋﻼ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺘﺨﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
‪+‬ﻳﺒﺎ  ﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪ‪x‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻳﺘﺲ 
ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ x‬ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ ‪ +‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ" ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﺳﺖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ  ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪
 .‬ﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮ
ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮ
ﺳﻲ ﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ  ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲﻳﺮ‪ ،.‬ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮ‡ ‪ .
 +‬ﻳﻠﺨﺎﻧﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﻐﻮ‪ I‬ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ? ﭘﺮﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻂ 
‪ x‬ﺻﻔﻮﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻲ
‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‪ x‬ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ)‪:‬ﻟﺒﻮ‪ (B‬ﺑﺎ ﺷﻤﺎ
 ﻫﺎ‪74)x‬ـ‪(mss. Diez A. fols. 70‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ )‪ (H.2160‬ﭼﻬﺎ
‪ B‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎ‪:» B‬ﻟﺒﻮ‪B‬ﻳﻌﻘﻮ ﺑﻴﻚ« ‪ +‬ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ‪x‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺘﺲ )‪ ،(Diez‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎ‪ B‬ﻫﺎﻧﺮﻳﺶ ﻓﺮﻳﺪ
ﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻤﺎﻧﺎ‪!: .‬ﻗﻮﻳﻮﻧﻠﻮ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪ ﺷﺪ  ﺑﻪ ﺣﺘﻤﺎ‪+ I‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ‪ +‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ )‪2153‬‬
‫ﻓﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﺲ )‪ ،(H. F. Von Diez‬ﺳﻔﻴﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﻲ ﻛﻪ 
ﻣﺪ? ﻗﺎﻣﺘﺶ ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪ ( .H‬ﺑﻮ ﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ 
‪+‬ﻣﺎ‪.‬ﻳﻌﻘﻮ ﺑﻴﻚ)‪896‬ـ‪ 884‬ﻫـ‪
 (.‬ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ ﮔﺮ‪x
:‬‬
‫ﺳﺎ‪I‬ﻫﺎ‪ 1784 x‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 1791‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪
 x‬ﺳﺘﺎﻧﺒﻮ‪ I‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﺖ ‪ .
:‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﻳﻚ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ 
‪:‬ﻣﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ 
ﻗﻄﻊ ‪50/2 × 32/8‬‬
‫
ﺳﺎ‪ 1817 I‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪ x‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ x‬ﺷﺎﻫﻲ )ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻌﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪x‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲﻣﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪ 90‬ﺑﺮگ  ‪ 131‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪
 21 .‬ﻫﺮ ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻲ ﭘﺮ‪
 (D‬ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﻫﺪ  ﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﻮ‪
 .‬ﮔﻨﺠﻴﻨﻪ‪ x‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ x‬ﻣﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ)‪ (H.2160  H.2153‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
‪ + x‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ
‪: x‬ﺛﺎ

Š‬
‫ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﻧﮕﻬﺪ
‪ x‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ 23.‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ

ﺳﺎ‪1956 I‬‬ ‫ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ
ﺳﺪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻳﻦ ﺳﺎﻣﻲ 
‪+‬ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻼ‪ x‬ﭘﺲ ‪ +‬ﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﺻﺪ  ﭼﻬﻞ ﺳﺎ‪ I‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ  ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ 
Š ﮔﺮﻳﺪ‬
‫ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ 
ﺑﺮﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ x‬ﺗﻌﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ‪ x‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺗﻚ
ﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮ_ ‪+‬ﻳﺮ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ :‬ﺣﻤﺪ ﻣﻮﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺪ ﻻﭼﻴﻦ؟‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻴﺦﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻮ‪،x‬‬
‫ﻗﻄﻌﺎ? ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ  ﻃﺮ_ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﮔﺮ
‪ ،x‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺣﻮ‪ x+‬ﺟﻐﺮﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺮﻟﺖ ﻳﺎ
‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺪﻟﺤﻲ‪ ،‬ﺳﻠﻄﺎ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﺪ ﭘﺎﺷﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ ،:‬ﻳﺮ‪ ،.‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ‪
 ،‬ﭘﺎ  ﭼﻴﻦ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
‪ +‬ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺨﻲ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺮ‪:‬ﺑﺎ‪
 ،x‬ﻳﺶ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﻴﺨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺳﻴﺎ ﻗﻠﻢ ‪ 22 ...‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪ‬
‫‪24‬‬
‫ﺳﺪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻫﻔﺘﻢ ﺗﺎ ‪+‬ﻫﻢ ﻫـ‪ .‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪:‬ﺛﺎ

ﻫﺮ  ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺘﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺳﻴﺎ ﻗﻠﻢ  ﺳﺘﺎ ﺷﻴﺨﻲ ‪+‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺿﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻨﺴﻮ ﺑﻪ 
‪ x‬ﺗﺮﻛﻤﺎﻧﺎ‪ .‬ﺳﺖ‪
 .‬ﻛﻞ ﺣﺪ ﺷﺼﺖ ﺛﺮ ﺑﻪ‬
 ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪-14‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ‪ -‬ﻳﻮ‪،‬‬
‫ﻧﺎﻳﻴﻦ‪ - ،‬ﺻﻔﻮ‪-‬‬

‫ﺗﺼﺎﻳﺮ ﻫﺮ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺖ ‪+‬ﻳﺎ‪ x‬ﭼﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪

 .‬ﻫﺮ 
!‪،‬ﻳﻚ ﻃﺮ ‪.:‬‬ ‫ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ 
ﻗﻄﻊ ‪ 26/4 × 18/6‬ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻠﺪ ﻻﻛﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ
‬

‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ  
ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺸﺖ ‪ .:‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ‪ +‬ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﻗﺮ
ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻤﻪ‪ x
 B x‬ﺻﻔﻮ‪) x‬ﻳﻞ ﻗﺮ‪+ .‬ﻫﻢ ﻫـ‪
 (.‬ﮔﺎﻟﺮ‪ x‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻓﺮﻳﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪ ﻫﺮ  ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻛﺸﻤﻴﺮ‪ x‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﻨﮕﺘﻦ ﻧﮕﻬﺪ
‪ x‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻨﺠﺎ  ﭘﻨﺞ ﺑﺮگ ﻣﻘﻮ‪+ x‬ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﮔﻠﺸﻦ ‪ +‬ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻏﻨﺎﺋﻤﻲﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺎ
ﺷﺎ ﻓﺸﺎ

ﺳﺎ‪ 1151 I‬ﻫـ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻛﺴﺘﺮ‪ x‬ﺑﻪ
‪ f‬ﻟﺒﻪ 
ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﺪ ﺷﺼﺖ‬
‫‪ +‬ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻫﻠﻲ ﻫﻤﺮ ﺑﺎ ﮔﻨﺠﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻛﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻛﺎﻏﺬﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ
ﺳﻢ ﮔﺮﻳﺪﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻣﻘﻮﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ‪$‬ﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﭼﺴﺒﺎﻧﺪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻀﺎ‪
x‬ﺿﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ  ﺷﺎﮔﺮﻧﺶ 
‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮ ‪1387‬‬

‫ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﺳﻨﺎ ﺗﺎ

ﻳﺨﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻛﻨﻮ‪
 .‬ﻣﻮ‪ x+‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ x‬ﺳﺘﺎﻧﺒﻮ‪I‬‬ ‫
‪ x‬ﺷﺎ ﺻﻔﻲ ‪ ،I‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺎ‪I‬ﻫﺎ‪ 1007 x‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 1057‬ﻫـ‪ .‬ﻛﺎ
ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪+ .‬‬
‫)‪ (H.2153‬ﻧﮕﻬﺪ
‪ x‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪» ،‬ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺷﺖ« ﻳﺎ ﮔﺰ
‪ f‬ﻛﺎ
ﺳﺘﺎﺟﻌﻔﺮ‬ ‫‪:‬ﻧﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻇﺎﻫﺮً ﺟﻤﻊ ‪ x
:‬ﻳﻦ ﻃﺮ_ﻫﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ‪ +‬ﻓﻮ? ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‬
‫‪45‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺴﻨﻘﺮ‪) x‬ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ‪ + (x‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ x‬ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﻨﻘﺮ ﭘﺴﺮ ﺷﺎﻫﺮ“ ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺎ‪ B‬ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻌﺪ‪ x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺗﻚ 
ﻗﻲ ‪ +‬ﺷﺎﮔﺮ‪
.‬ﺿﺎ‬
‫
ﻳﻦ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎ
ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻛﺘﺎ‪
:‬ﻳﻲ )ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺴﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ‪ .:‬ﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ 
ﺳﺎ‪ 1914 I‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪ x‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫ﺗﺬﻫﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ  ﺟﻠﺪﺳﺎ‪  (x+‬ﻳﮕﺮ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﻛﻪ 
ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬ ‫ ﻫﻨﺮ ﺷﻨﺎ‪: D‬ﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻳﺪ
ﻳﺶ ﺳﺎ
  ﻳﮕﻦ ﻣﻴﺖ “ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪ‪
 25 .‬‬
‫ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎ
 ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪ .‬ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ‪
 x‬ﻳﻦ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ ﺷﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺪ
ﺿﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ  ﻋﻠﻲ
ﺿﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ ﺧﻮﺷﻨﻮﻳﺲ ﻣﻌﺮ ‪،
 .:‬‬
‫ﻫﻢ ﺷﺎ
ﺗﻲ 
  ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮ‪ x‬ﻃﺮ_ ﻣﻴﺮ ﻟﺘﻴﺎ
ﺟﻬﺖ ‪+‬ﻳﻦ ﺳﺐ ﺧﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫‪26‬‬
‫ﻫﺮ 
 ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﻚ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻛﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺮﺣﺴﻦ  ﻫﻢﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻦ ﺧﺮﮔﺎ )ﭼﺎ
ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺘﻲ( ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﮔﻠﺸﻦ  ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎ‬
‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺷﻤﺴﻪﻫﺎ  ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻗﻄﻌﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﭼﺎ
ﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎ
‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻼ" ﺷﺎ
 ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ 
ﺑﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﺷﺎﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﻐﻮ‪ I‬ﻫﻨﺪ)ﮔﻮ
ﻛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪،(.‬‬
‫ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ + 27.‬ﻣﺘﻦ ﻋﺮﺿﻪﺷﺖ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎ‪ #‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﻴﺮ)‪1037‬ـ‪ 1015‬ﻫـ‪ (.‬ﺟﺎﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﻛﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﻋﻼﻗﻪ‪ x‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‪ x‬ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﻣﺼﻮ
ﻛﺮ‪ .‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﭘﻴﺶﻃﺮ_ ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎ
ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺷﻴﻮ‪ x‬ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮ‡ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺗﻚ 
ﻗﻲ  ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻼ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺎ
ﺑﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ 
ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻛﺘﺎ‪
:‬ﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮﺣﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ‪x‬‬ ‫ﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ‪ .
 +‬ﻣﻐﻮﻻ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮ ﺳﺖ‪
 .‬ﺑﻴﻦ ‪:‬ﻧﻬﺎ ‬
‫ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻦ ﺷﻴﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﮕﺮ ‪ +‬ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺧﺮﮔﺎﻫﺎ ‪ ...‬ﺳﻮ ﺟﺴﺘﻪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ 
‪ x‬ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﻴﺮ ﮔﻮ
ﻛﺎﻧﻲ ﻳﺪ ﻣﻰﺷﻮ ﻛﻪ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﺑﺎ 
‪+‬ﺷﻲ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎﻫﺎ‪ 0‬ﻣﺘﻦ ‪Q‬ﺛﺎ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‬ ‫
‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻲ ‪: +‬ﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﮔﻠﺸﻦ 
ﻛﺎ“ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎ‪ .‬ﺗﻬﺮ‪  .‬ﻳﮕﺮ‪x‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﻳﮕﺮ ‪ +‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎ
ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺘﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎ‪
 .‬ﻣﻮ‪ x+‬ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﻧﮕﻬﺪ
‪ x‬ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﮔﻠﺸﻦ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﻮ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ‪: +‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻧﺎ‪ B‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺳﺎ‪ D‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪﻫﺎ‪x‬‬ ‫  
! ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺳﺎ‪ D‬ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ
‪ x‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺎ‪I‬ﻫﺎ‪ 1008 x‬ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ‪ .: x
+‬ﺛﺮ ﻣﺜﻨﻲﺑﺮ
‪)x‬ﻛﭙﻲﺑﺮ
‪ (x‬ﻛﺮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪1019‬ﻫـ‪ .‬ﮔﺮ‪  x
:‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ 
ﺧﻞﻳﻚ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ‪ x‬ﺗﺬﻫﻴﺐ ﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ ﺻﻠﻲ ﺛﺮ ﺷﺎ
 ﻧﻤﻮ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮ
ﻣﺜﺎ‪
I‬ﺿﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ 
ﺧﺮ ﻗﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺮ

ﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﺴﺖ  ﭘﻨﺞ 
! ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺎ‪I‬ﻫﺎ‪ 1017 x‬ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﻫﻢ 
ﻣﺘﻦ  ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺧﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ ﺻﻠﻲ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ـ ﺑﻬﺰ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻧﻲ ـ‬ ‫‪ 1028‬ﻫـ‪ .‬ﮔﺮ‪ x
:‬ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪
 .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻋﻼ ﺑﺮ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪x‬ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ‬
‫ﺷﺎ
 
 ﻛﻪ  ‪ x
+‬ﺛﺮ ﻓﻮ! ﻣﺸﻖ ﻧﻤﻮ ﺳﺖ‪.‬ﺛﺮ ﺻﻠﻲ 
ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﮔﻠﺸﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻐﻮﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺪ‪ x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ 
ﭘﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﻢ ﻳﺪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮ‪
 .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊﻫﺎ‬
 ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ -13-1‬ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎ< ﺳﻌﺪ‪،-‬‬
‫ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺖ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ  ﻣﻴﺮ ‪،<B‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ‪l‬ﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻬﺰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﮔﻠﺸﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﻫﺮ
‪ ،‬ﺳﺪ ﻧﻬﻢ ﻫﺠﺮ‪-‬‬

‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪ -13-2‬ﺿﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ‪،‬‬

‫ﻛﭙﻲﺑﺮ‪ - B -‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺰ‪ 1028 ،‬ﻫﺠﺮ‪-‬‬

‫ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺑﻌﺎ ﻫﻨﺮ‪  x‬ﺗﺎ

ﻳﺨﻲ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ‪ x‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﺳﻢ ﺑﻬﺰ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪) .‬ﺗﺼﺎﻳﺮ ‪11‬ﺗﺎ‪(13‬‬
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻫﺎ‪$ 0‬ﻳﻮ‪0‬‬

‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ
‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ‪+‬ﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ  ﻋﻈﻤﺖ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
‪
 .: x‬ﻃﻮ‪I‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ‪ x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ  ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
ﻫﺎ ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﻣﻮ
 ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮ
ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪» ،‬ﻃﺎ! ﻛﺴﺮ‪ x‬ﻳﺎ ﻳﻮ‪ .‬ﻣﺪﺋﻦ« 

‪x‬‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ ‪ +‬ﺳﻼ‪  B‬ﻗﺮ‪.‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻟﻴﻪ 
‪ x‬ﺳﻼﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎ‪ f‬ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﮔﺮﻫﻲ ‪ +‬ﻣﻮ
ﺧﺎ‪  .‬ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎ‪  .‬ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
‪
 x‬ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻮﻫﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻳﻮ‪ .‬ﺻﻠﻲ ﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﺎ‪+ x‬ﻳﺒﺎ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﺎ‪ x‬ﺑﻴﺮﻧﻲ ﺳﭙﻴﺪ ‪ .:‬ﺣﺘﻤﺎ ًﻻ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻲ
ﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ
‪  f‬ﺷﻴﻮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ 
‪x‬‬
‫‪ +‬ﺳﺎ
Š ﻣﻨﻘّﺶ‪ ،‬ﺳﻨﮓ ﻣﺮﻣﺮ‪ ،‬ﺻﻔﺤﺎ? ﻣﺴﻴﻦ ‪ 
+‬ﺳﻴﻢﻧﺪ ‪ ...‬ﭘﻮﺷﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮ ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
‪ + x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
‪ 
x‬ﭘﺎﺷﺎﻫﺎ‪ ،.‬ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻧﺎ‪،.‬‬

‫ﺗﻴﺮ ‪1387‬‬
‫ﺑﻮ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺧﺘﻪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺪ‪.‬ﻫﺎ‪ ،B+
x‬ﺳﻮ
ﻛﺎ
‪ ،x‬ﺻﺤﻨﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺷﻜﺎ
‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺳﻢ  ‪:‬ﻳﻴﻦﻫﺎ  ﻣﺜﺎ‪I‬‬
‫ﺧﺴﺮ ﻧﻮﺷﻴﺮ‪531).‬ـ‪ 579‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪
 (x‬ﺳﺎ‪ 540 I‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪
 x‬ﺟﻨﮕﻲ‬ ‫‪:‬ﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻲﻫﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻳﻦ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ‬
‫‪46‬‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﭙﺎ  
ﻣﻴﺎ‪
 .‬ﮔﺮﻓﺖ  ﻃﻲ ‪ .:‬ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺮ‪  x+‬ﻓﺘﺢ ﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴﻪ ـ 
‬ ‫
ﻧﺪ‪+‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺑﺰ
گ ﻛﺎ
ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪
 .‬ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﻮ‪ ،B‬ﺳﻴﺮ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻳﻮ
‪x‬‬
‫ﻧﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﺷﺎ‪
B‬ﺳﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺘﻮ
 ﺻﺤﻨﻪ‪ .: x‬ﺟﻨﮓ
 
ﻳﻮ‪ .‬ﻣﺪﺋﻦ ﺗﺮﺳﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮ  ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺳﺘﺮ‪ D‬ﻫﻨﺮﻳﺮ‪
 .‬ﻗﺒﻞ  ﺑﻌﺪ ‪ +‬ﺳﻼ‪ B‬ﻣﻮ
 ﺑﺮ
ﺳﻲ ﻗﺮ
‬
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﻴﺶ ‪ +‬ﻳﻦ ﺷﺎ
 ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻌﺎ
‪ x‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮ‪) .‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪(14‬‬
‫ﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻣﻲﭘﺮ‪ ،+‬ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻲ ﻋﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑُﺤﺘﺮ‪284)x‬ـ‪ 206‬ﻫـ‪(.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪$ 0‬ﻳﻮ‪ $ 0‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ‪ 0‬ﻧﺴﺦ ﺧﻄﻲ‬
‫ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑُﺤﺘﺮ‪»
 x‬ﻗﺼﻴﺪ ﺳﻴﻨﻴﻪ« ﺑﺎ ‪+‬ﺑﺎ‪ .‬ﺗﺎ‪ x+‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻧﺒﺮ ﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺎﻳﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
‪ x‬ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪
 .‬ﺻﺤﻨﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ‪x‬‬
‫ﻛﻪ 
ﻳﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻲﭘﺮ‪ .+‬ﺑﺤﺘﺮ‪ x‬ﭘﺲ ‪ +‬ﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﭼﻬﺎ
ﻗﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺦ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻧﺪ ‪ +‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﻨﺮ‬
‫
ﺻﻒ ‪ .:‬ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻲﺳﺮﻳﺪ‪ :‬ﻫﺮﮔﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻧﺒﺮ ﻧﻄﺎﻛﻴﻪ
 ﺑﻨﮕﺮ‪
 ،x‬ﺣﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺣﻲ )ﻳﻮ
‪

 (x‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ
ﻣﻲ
ﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ‪ +‬ﻧﺴﺦ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ  ﺳﭙﺎ
ﻣﻲ  ﭘﺎ
ﺳﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﺎ‪ ...x‬ﺷﺎﻫﻨﺸﻪ ﺳﺎﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻪ‪ x‬ﺳﺒﺰ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻲ 
‪ x‬ﻳﻠﺨﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻳﻮ‪ .‬ﺧﻮﺟﻮ‪ x‬ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺟﻨﻴﺪ  ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮ‡ ﺧﻤﺴﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺮ ﺗﻦ 
  ﺑﺮ ﺳﺒﻲ ‪ 
+‬ﺑﺎ
ﭘﻮﺷﻲ ﺳﺮ“
ﻧﮓ ﺳﻮ
ﺳﺖ‪
 ....‬ﺣﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ 
‪ .‬ﺷﺎﻫﺮ“ 
ﻣﻮ‪
 x+‬ﻣﻴﺘﺎژ ‪ ،....‬ﺑﺮ
‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
ﻫﺎ‪x‬‬
‫ﻛﻪ
‪ B+‬ﺳﻮ
‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ‪:‬ﻫﺴﺘﮕﻲ  ﺳﻜﻮ? 
ﺑﺮﺑﺮ  ﺑﺮﭘﺎﺳﺖ‪
 .‬ﺑﺮﺑﺮ ﻳﺪﮔﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻘﻮ‪ f‬ﺳﻠﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎ‪ ،.‬ﺻﺤﻨﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﮔﺮﻓﺖ  ﮔﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳﻴﻤﺮ{  ژﻫﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﺴﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻦ
‪ .
:B+‬ﺑﻪ
ﺳﺘﻲ ‪+‬ﻧﺪﮔﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ .....‬‬‫ﺑﻴﻨﻨﺪ ﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ّ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻮﻧﺎ? ﻓﺴﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،x‬ﻧﻘﺶ ﮔﻠﺪ‪.‬ﻫﺎ ‪ ...‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﺗﻚ
ﻧﮓ ﻳﺪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻮ‪ + .‬ﺷﮕﻔﺘﻲ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻏﺎ
‪ I
 x‬ﻛﻮﻫﻲ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ  ﺳﺘﻮ
ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺳﺖ 
ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﺧﻤﺴﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻲ 

ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺤﺘﺮ‪ ،x‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﻪ
ﻧﮓ ﺳﭙﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﮕﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻛﺎ“ ﻛﻪ
‪+‬ﮔﺎ
‪ x‬ﺳﭙﻴﺪ ﻓﺎ‪ B‬ﺑﻮ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺻﺤﻨﻪ‪ x‬ﺗﺎﺟﮕﺬ‪ x+‬ﺧﺴﺮ ﭘﺮﻳﺰ 
ﻃﺎ! ﺑﺴﺘﺎ‪ .‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
?‬
‫ 
‪+
.:‬ﮔﺎ
‪:‬ﺟﺮﻧﻤﺎ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎ
 ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ .: .‬ﮔﺎ ‪ +‬ﺧﻮ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺳﺪ ﻛﻪ ‪:‬ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ ﻛﺎ
ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ 
.: ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﺧﻴﺎﻟﻲ  ﺑﻪ
‪ f‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻛﺎ
‬
‫ﻛﺎﺧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻦ ﻟﻜﺸﻲ
 ‪:‬ﻣﻴﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﭘﺮﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺮﻳﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ‪: x‬ﻣﻴﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﺮ ﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻧﺸﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﻲﻫﻨﺪ ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎ‪ D‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﻳﮕﺮ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ‬
‫‪28‬‬
‫ﭘﺮﺧﺘﻪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻨﻪ
 ﺗﺮﺳﻴﻢ ﻛﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﻗﺎﻧﻲ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﺪ
ﻳﺮﻧﻲ 
ﺳﺪ‪ x‬ﺷﺸﻢ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﻫﺎ‪$ 0‬ﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﻳﺨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺟﻐﺮﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ ‪...‬‬
‫ﻗﺼﻴﺪ‪ x‬ﻣﻌﺮ »‪:‬ﻳﻴﻨﻪ ﻋﺒﺮ?«
 
ﺻﻒ ﻳﻮ‪ .‬ﻣﺪﻳﻦ ﺳﺮ ﺳﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎ
‪ x‬ﻓﺎ
ﺳﻲ 
ﺣﻮ‪+‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺑﻴﺎ?‪ ،‬ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ‪ ،‬ﺳﻔﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ‪ ...‬ﺑﺮ‪x‬‬
 ‫ﺟﻠﺪ ﻛﺘﺎ] ﻳﻮ< ﺧﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ‪ l‬ﺧﺠﻨﺪ‪ (856/1452) -‬ﻫﺮ
‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪ -‬ﺗﻮﭘﻘﺎﭘﻲ ﺳﺮ‪.-‬‬

‫ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻲﮔﻨﺠﻮ‪598)x‬ـ ‪535‬ﻫـ‪
 (.‬ﭘﻨﺞ ﮔﻨﺞ ﺧﻮ ﺷﺎ
ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
‬ ‫ﻳﻦ ﻫﺴﺖ ﻫﻤﺎ‪.‬ﻳﻮ‪ .‬ﻛﺰ ﻧﻘﺶ
“ ﻣﺮ‪B‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﺳﺎﺳﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪
 .
 .‬ﻗﺼﻪ‪ x‬ﺧﺴﺮ  ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎ‪B‬‬ ‫ﺧﺎ‪ 
ِ  r‬ﺑﻮ‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
ﻧﮕﺎ
ﺳﺘﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ
‬

‫ﺷﺎﭘﻮ
‪ +‬ﻃﺮ ﺧﺴﺮ ﻣ ًﺎﻣﻮ
ﻳﺖ 
 ﺗﺎ ﺗﻤﺜﺎ‪ I‬ﺧﺴﺮ
 ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺎﻏﺬ ﻛﺸﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻌﻮ‪ ،x‬ﺟﻐﺮﻓﻲ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﺮ ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﭼﻬﺎ
‪ B‬ﻫـ‪ ،.‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻬﺮ‪x‬‬
‫ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﺪ‪
 30.‬ﻫﻔﺖﭘﻴﻜﺮ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
‪x‬‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ‪ x‬ﭘﺎﺷﺎﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﺳﺎﻧﻲ 
‪ .:‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎ
 ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬‬
‫ﻗﺼﺮ ﺧﻮ
ﻧﻖ ﺷﺎ
 ﻣﻲﺷﻮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺤﻨﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺷﻜﺎ
ﺑﻬﺮ‪  B‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻫﻔﺖ‬ ‫
ﺑﺎ
‪ x‬ﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﻲﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪" :‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎ‪
 303 I‬ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺘﺨﺮ ﭘﺎ
‪ D‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﺰ‬
‫‪31‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﻜﺮ ﭘﺮﻳﺎ‪+ .‬ﻳﺒﺎ 
ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﺣﺠﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻗﺼﺮ ﺧﺘﺼﺎ‡ 
‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﺑﺰ
گ ‪+‬ﮔﺎ‪ .‬ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﺰ
گ ﻳﺪ‪ B‬ﻛﻪ ‪ +‬ﻋﻠﻮ‪  B‬ﺧﺒﺎ
ﻣﻠﻮ‪r‬‬
‫
ﺧﻮ
ﻧﻖ ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺰ
‬ ‫ ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎ  ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﺮﻧﻴﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﺮ‪ .‬ﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻴﺰ‪
 
.: + x‬‬
‫ﺗﻴﺮ ‪1387‬‬

‫ﺻﻮ
? ﮔﻮ
‪+‬ﻳﺮ  ﺷﻴﺮ ‪+‬ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ ﻳﮕﺮ ﭼﻮ‪» .‬ﺧﺪ‪ x‬ﻧﺎﻣﻪ«  »‪:‬ﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ«  ﻏﻴﺮ ﻧﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻮ‪ .B‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺴﺖﻫﻔﺖ ﺗﻦ ‪ +‬ﻣﻠﻮ‪ r‬ﻳﺮ‪ + .‬ﺧﺎﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﺳﺎﻧﻲ – ﺑﻴﺴﺖ  ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﺮ‬
‫‪47‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﻴﺸﻪ ﺻﻮ
? ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺮ ‪ .:‬ﺳﻨﮓ‬ ‫  ‪ .+‬ـ 
‪ .:‬ﺑﻮ  ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ
 ﺑﺮ‪ +‬ﻣﺮگ ﭘﻴﺮ ﺑﻮ ﻳﺎ ﺟﻮ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ‪+‬ﻳﻮ
‬
‫ﭼﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ ‪ +‬ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻧﻘﺶ 
ژﻧﮓ‬ ‫
ﻳﺶ  ﭼﻬﺮ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻛﺮ ﺑﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻴﺪ ﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻳﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﭼﻬﺎ
ﺻﺪﺳﻲ  ﺳﻪ‬
‫
ﻛﺘﺎ ﻫﺰ
ﻳﻚ ﺷﺐ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺳﺖ »ﭼﻮ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﺗﻢ ﻃﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻤﺮ‪
 
 ،‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎ‪  I‬ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎ  ﻫﻔﺖ
‪ +‬ﭘﺎﺷﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﭼﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﻮ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺘﻲ ﻳﻜﻲ‬
‫ﺳﺮ ﻛﻮﻫﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎ‪ r‬ﺳﭙﺮﻧﺪ  
ﻛﻨﺎ
ﮔﻮ
 ‪ +‬ﺳﻨﮓ ﺣﻮﺿﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻨﺪ ‬ ‫‪+‬ﺷﺎﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﻤﺮ‪ x‬ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ 
 ﻛﺸﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺳﭙﺮﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ‪+‬ﻧﺪﮔﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺧﺘﺮﻧﻲ ﭘﺮﻳﺸﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﻮ  ﮔﺸﺎ ﮔﻴﺴﻮ 
ﺳﻨﮕﺶ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻛﺮﻧﺪ‪
 .‬ﭘﺎ‪x‬‬ ‫‪ +‬ﺻﻒ ﻣﺮﮔﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﻲﺧﺒﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺻﻮ
? ﭘﺎﺷﺎﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺑﻮﻧﺪ‪،‬‬
‫‪ .:‬ﻛﻮ ﻧﻬﺮ‪ x‬ﺑﻮ
‪ ،.‬ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺎ ﻛﺎ
ﻧﻴﺎ‪
 .‬ﺳﺮ ‪ .:‬ﻧﻬﺮ ﻓﺮ ﻣﻲ‪:‬ﻣﺪﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺎ  ﭘﺎﺷﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎ
‪ x‬ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺧﺖ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ‪b‬ﻛﺮ ﺳﺮﮔﺬﺷﺖ‬
‫]‪ +‬ﻏﺮ[ ﺗﺎ ﻫﻨﮕﺎ‪ B‬ﺑﺎﻣﺪ ‪  +:‬ﻧﺎﻟﻪ  ﺷﻴﻮ‪ .‬ﻣﻲﺷﻨﻴﺪﻧﺪ  ﻗﺘﻲ ﺻﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﭘﺎﺷﺎ 
ﻓﺘﺎ
‪ x‬ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮ‡ ﻳﺎ
‪  .‬ﻋﻮ‪
B‬ﻋﻴﺖ  ﺣﺎﺛﻪﻫﺎ  ﺗﻔﺎﻗﺎ?‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷﺪ ﺳﺮ  ﺻﺪ  ﻧﺎﻟﻪ  ﺷﻴﻮ‪ .‬ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﻳﺪ  ﺟﺰ ﺻﻮ
? ﺧﺘﺮ‪ .‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ 
‪ .‬ﭘﺎﺷﺎﻫﻲ ‪ x‬ﭘﺪﻳﺪ ‪:‬ﻣﺪ ﺑﻮ‪  .‬ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﻛﺘﺎ ﭼﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﻮ‬
‫‪32‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﮓﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻛﺮ ﺑﻮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﭼﻴﺰ‪ x‬ﻧﺒﻮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻪ 
ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺟﻤﺎ‪x‬ﻻﺧﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎ‪ I‬ﻳﻜﺼﺪ  ﺳﻴﺰﻫﻢ ‪ x
+‬ﺳﻨﺎ ﺧﺰﺋﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻦ ﻟﺠﻮ‪ x+‬ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ 
ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﭼﻬﺎ
‪ B‬ﻗﺘﻲ 
ﺑﻐﺪ ﭼﻬﺎ
‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻮ‪ r‬ﻳﺮ‪ .‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ  ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﻫﺸﺎ‪ B‬ﻋﺒﺪﻟﻤﻠﻠﻚ ‪ +‬ﭘﺎ
ﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺑﻲ ‪:‬ﻣﺪ‬
‫ﮔﻮﻧﻲ ‪ +‬ﻛﺘﺎﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﭘﻴﺮ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﻧﻲ
 
‪:‬ﺗﺶ ﺳﻮ‪+‬ﻧﺪﻧﺪ‪
 ،‬ﻣﻴﺎ‪ .‬ﺧﺎﻛﺴﺘﺮ ‪.:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮ‪ .‬ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﺷﺎ 
ﺷﻴﺮ ﺑﻮ ﻛﻪ 
‪+‬ﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺮ“ 
ﺧﺸﺎ‪  .‬ﻟﺒﺎﺳﺶ‬
‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪﻫﺎﻳﻲ ‪ +‬ﻃﻼ  ﻧﻘﺮ )ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺳﺘﻔﺎ ‪ +‬ﻳﻦ ﻓﻠﺰ? 
ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﻫﺎ(‬ ‫ﺑﻪ
ﻧﮓ ‪:‬ﺳﻤﺎﻧﻲ  ﺗﺎﺟﺶ ﺳﺒﺰ  ﻃﻼﻳﻲ ﺑﻮ  ﻧﻴﺰ‪ x‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﺖ ﺷﺖ ‬
‫‪33‬‬
‫ﭘﻴﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺎ ﺑﻮ‪:  ،‬ﺧﺮ ﺷﺎ‪ .‬ﻳﺰﮔﺮ ﭘﺴﺮ ﺷﻬﺮﻳﺎ
ﭘﺴﺮ ﺧﺴﺮ ﭘﺮﻳﺰ ﺑﻮ ﻛﻪ‬
‫
ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﺑﻴﻬﻘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺑﻮ‪ #‬ﺑﻪ ‪+‬ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﺳﻠﻄﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﺴﻌﻮ ﻏﺰﻧﻮ‪433) x‬ـ‪421‬‬ ‫
‪+‬ﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻟﺒﺎ‪ D‬ﻣﺰﻳﻦ ‪:‬ﺳﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎŠ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﻳﺴﺘﺎ  ﻧﻴﺰ‬
‫ﻫـ‪ (.‬ﺷﺎ
 ﻣﻲﺷﻮ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺘﻲ ﺳﻠﻄﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﺴﻌﻮ 
ﻳﺎ‪ B‬ﺟﻮﻧﻲ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﻫﺮ?‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﺖ 
ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺸﻴﺮ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﻛﺮ ﺑﻮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ
ﻧﮓﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺷﮕﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻮ ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﺗﺎ!ﻫﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺤﻨﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻦ ﺷﺪ ﺑﻮ‪ .‬ﺧﻴﺮً ﻃﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ‪ .:‬ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮ  ﺑﺎ ﻃﻼ  ﻧﻘﺮ ﻣﺤﻠﻮ‪  I‬ﻣﺲ ﺣﻜﺎﻛﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺎ‪f‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻗﺼﺮ ﺳﻠﻄﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﺴﻌﻮ 
ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‪ x‬ﻟﺸﮕﺮ ﺑﺎ‪
+‬ﺑﻪ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‪x‬‬ ‫ﺷﺪ ﺑﻮ‪ .‬ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺑﻪ
ﻧﮓ ﻓﺮﻓﻴﺮ‪ x‬ﺑﻮ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻲ ﻋﺠﻴﺐ ﻛﻪ ‪ +‬ﻓﺮ‪ #‬ﻧﻜﻮﻳﻲ‬
‫ﻳﻮ
‪+ x‬ﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ ﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﺪ ﻛﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪29‬‬
‫ ﻗﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻧﺪﻧﺴﺘﻢ ﻛﺎﻏﺬ ﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ‪".‬‬
‫ﺑﻦ ﻋﺮﺑﺸﺎ 
ﻛﺘﺎ »ﻋﺠﺎﻳﺐ ﻟﻤﻘﺪ
ﻓﻲ ﺧﺒﺎ
ﺗﻴﻤﻮ
«‪
 38‬ﺧﺼﻮ‡‬
‫ﻧﺪ
ﻧﻲ ﻗﺼﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺗﻴﻤﻮ

ﺳﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪ ﺷﺎ
‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺶﻧﺪ‪  x+‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﻳﻮ
‬
‫ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮ‪ +‬ﺛﺮ‪: + x‬ﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮﺟﺎ‪ x‬ﻧﻤﺎﻧﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺷﺮﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻳﺰ‪
 x‬‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎ »ﻇﻔﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ« 
ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ـ ﮔﻔﺘﺎ

ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﻗﺼﺮ ﺑﺎ{ ﺷﻤﺎ‪ I‬ـ ﻣﻴﺮ ﺗﻴﻤﻮ
‬
‫»ﺳﻄﻮ_‬
‫ِ‬ ‫
ﺧﺼﻮ‡ ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻦ  ﻧﻘﺶﻧﺪ‪ x+‬ﻧﺪ
ﻧﻲ ﻗﺼﺮ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ‪ 
:‬ﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻮ
‪ 
f‬ﺑﺎ ﻻﺟﻮ
  ‪
+‬ﭼﻨﺎ‪ُ .‬ﻃﺮﻓﻪ  
ﺧﻮ
ﻣﻨﻘﻮ‪ f‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻃﺮﺗﺶ‬
‫‪39‬‬
‫ﮔﺮ ِ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﺮ  ﺗﺸﻮﻳﺮ ﺑﺮ 
ژﻧﮓ ﻣﺎﻧﻲ  ﻧﮕﺎ
ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﭼﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫ﺳﺮﻧﺠﺎ[‬
‫ﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻧﻮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻜﺘﻮ  ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ x‬ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻛﺪ‪B‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‪ x‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ  ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ‪  x‬ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﺷﺎ
 ﺷﺖ ﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎ
‪ + x‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻃﺮﺣﻲ ﻣﻮ‪+‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﺮ‪ + .‬ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻮ‪ x+‬ﻛﺎ“‬
‫ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎ‪ ،.‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‪: x‬ﺳﺘﺎ‪ .‬ﻗﺪ‪
D‬ﺿﻮ‪ ،x‬ﻣﻮ‪
x+‬ﺿﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮ‪x+‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﻲ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ )ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮ‪: +‬ﺛﺎ
ﻳﻦ ﻣﻮ‪ x+‬ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻮ‪ x+‬ﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ‬
‫ﺷﺪ(‪ …  ،‬ﻫﻨﻮ‪ +‬ﻧﺎﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪﻳﻘﻴﻦ 
ﺳﺘﺮ‪ D‬ﺑﻮ‪ .‬ﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺗﻮﻧﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ 
ﺑﺮﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﮕﻴﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﻧﻮﺷﺖﻫﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪
 .1‬ﺣﺎ‪ I‬ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎ‪» x‬ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻳﺮﻧﻲ« ژ »ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ‪ «x‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎ
ﻣﻲ
‪.‬‬

‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ
‬
‫ﺳﺘﻔﺎ ‪+‬ﻳﻦ ژ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎ‪ D‬ﺷﻮﻫﺪ ﺑﻲ‪ x
 ،‬ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ‪ x‬ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮ
ﻣﺜﺎ‪:I‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‪ x‬ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﻣﻌﺮ 
‪ x‬ﻏﺰﻧﻮ‪) x‬ﻓﻮ? ‪ 431‬ﻫـ‪ .‬ﻗﻤﺮ‪
 (x‬ﻳﻮﻧﺶ 
ﺧﺼﻮ‡‬
‫‪+‬ﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲﻧﺪ‪ B‬ﺳﺐ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﺮ ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﭼﻬﺎ
ﭘﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﺶ ﭘﻴﻜﺮ ‪ +‬ﻫﻨﺮ ﻫﻤﻮ
‬
‫ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ ﻧﻨﮕﺎ
 ﭼﻮ  ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﮕﺎ
‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ‪ x‬ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ ﺷﻤﺎ‪: I‬ﻟﻤﺎ‪  .‬ﻟﻬﺴﺘﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﺮ‪ 
+‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻴﺮ ‪1387‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ژﻟﻴﺲ
ﻳﭽﺎ
 ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎ‪ B‬ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺎ
" ﻣﻴﺮ‪
+‬ﺿﺎ " 
ﺳﺎ‪ B 1851 I‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻢ‬
‫‪+‬ﺑﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﺮﻧﺴﻪ  ﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ 

ﻟﻔﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪ
ﻳﺲ ﻣﺸﻐﻮ‪ I‬ﺷﺪ‪
  .‬ﺳﺎ‪I‬ﻫﺎ‪61 x‬‬
‫ﺻﻮ
ﺑﻬﺰ‬ ‫‪48‬‬
‫ـ ‪ B 1860‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﻴﺮﻟﺪﻟﻪ ﺻﺪ
ﻋﻈﻢ ﻗﺖ
 
ﻣﺄﻣﻮ
ﻳﺘﺶ ﺑﻪ 
ﭘﺎ‬
‫ﻫﻤﺮﻫﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ x .‬ﻫﻢﭼﻨﻴﻦ 
ﺳﺎ‪ 1870 I‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮ‪ .‬ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻫﻤﺮ ﻧﺎﺻﺮﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺷﺎ ﺑﻪ 
ﭘﺎ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪34‬‬
‫
ﻧﺪ‪
 x‬ﻛﺘﺎ »
ﺣﻪ ﻟﺼﺪ
‪:‬ﻳﻪ ﻟﺴﺮ

ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ‪ I:‬ﺳﻠﺠﻮ!«‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ‪b‬ﻛﺮ ﺳﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺎ‪I‬ﻫﺎ‪ 1931 x‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 1981‬ﻣﻴﻼ‪ ،x‬ﻧﻮ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎ ‪+‬‬ ‫
ﺳﺪ‪ x‬ﺷﺸﻢ ﻫـ‪ + .‬ﻣﺼﻮ
ﺳﺎ‪ x+‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺷﻌﺎ
‪+
 x‬ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﻃﻐﺮ‪ I‬ﺑﻦ‬
‫‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪ x‬ﻳﺮ‪
 ،.‬ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺑﺰ
گ 
ﭘﺎ  ‪:‬ﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ 
‪:‬ﻣﺪ ﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ‬ ‫
ﺳﻼ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺟﻤﺎ‪ I‬ﻧﻘﺎ‪ f‬ﺻﻔﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪x‬ﻳﺮ‪

 .‬ﭘﺎ  ‪:‬ﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﺎ‪ .‬ﻳﻞ ﻗﺮ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻴﻼ‪ 
x‬ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮ‬ ‫ﻧﺠﻢﻟﺪﻳﻦ
‪
 x+‬ﺳﺪ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ ﻫـ 
ﻛﺘﺎ »ﻣﺮﻣﻮ‪ ?+‬ﺳﺪ‪+ ،«x‬‬
‫ﺟﻠﺐ ﻧﻤﻮ  ‪:‬ﻧﺎ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ  ﺟﺴﺖﺟﻮ‪f+
 x‬ﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻧﺎ‪:
 ،‬ﺛﺎ
ﻫﻨﺮ‪x‬ﻳﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫‪35‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﻴﮋ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﻳﻮ‪.‬ﻫﺎ ﺳﺨﻦ ﻣﻲﮔﻮﻳﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻲﭘﺮ‪+‬ﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﭼﻮ‪ .‬ﺗﺠﺮﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﮔﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪+ x‬ﻳﺒﺎﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺧﻞ  ﺗﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﻳﻮ‪.‬ﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﻴﮋ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﻮ‪+‬‬
‫
ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺖ ﺷﻜﺎ‪) I‬ﻓﺮﻣﺎﺳﻴﻮ‪ ،(.‬ﻧﻤﺎﮔﺮﻳﻲ ‪ + ...‬ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ‪+‬ﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻓﺮﺳﻴﺎ ﻧﺪ
ﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻮ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪﻧﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻮ‪ .‬ﻣﺎﺗﻴﺲ  ﺣﺘﻲ ﭘﻴﻜﺎﺳﻮ )ﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ‪ +‬ﻣﺎﺗﻴﺲ( ‪ +‬ﻳﻦ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻟﻬﺎ‪B‬‬ ‫
ﺷﻴﺪﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻓﻀﻞ ﷲ 
ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ‪ +‬ﻗﻔﻴﺎ? ﺧﻮ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺣﻘﻮ! ﻧﻘﺎﺷﺎ‪،.‬‬
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺮﻣﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﭙﺮﺳﻴﻮﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺳﺰ‪
+ ،.‬ﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺪﻳﻨﺴﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺨﺎﻳﻴﻞ ﻻ
ﻳﻮﻧﻮ‪،‬‬
‫ﺧﻄﺎﻃﺎ‪  .‬ﻣﺼﻮ
ﺳﺎ‪ .+‬ﻛﺘﺎﻫﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺎ
 
‪ :‬ﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎ  ﻣﺠﻠﺪ‬
‫ﮔﻮﺳﺘﺎ ﻛﻠﻴﻤﺖ ‪ ،...‬ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ‪
 +‬ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ 
‪:‬ﻣﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﻮ

‪+‬‬
‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ…  ‪+‬ﻳﺎ? ‪ +‬ﺷﺼﺖ ﻫﺰ
ﻳﻨﺎ

ﻳﺞ 
ﺟﺮ? ﻧﺴﺦ  ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ‬
‫ﻳﻚ ﻧﻈﻢ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻪ‪ x‬ﻧﺎ )‪
 (Pure‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﺮﻳﺪ  ﺳﺎﺳﺎ‪
 x+‬ﺷﻜﺎ‪) I‬ﻓﺮ‪B‬ﻫﺎ(‬ ‫‪36‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﺶ  ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ  ﺟﻠﺪ  ﺻﺤﺎﻓﻲ ‪ .:‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎ

ﻓﺘﻪ ﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺳﻄﻮ_ ﻏﻨﻲ  ﺳﺤﺮ‪:‬ﻣﻴﺰ 

ﻧﮓﻫﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ‪:‬ﻧﻬﺎ 
‪:‬ﺛﺎ
ﺧﻮ ‪ +‬ﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺳﻮ ﺟﺴﺘﻪﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮ‪ x‬ﻃﻼ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻧﮕﺎ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ‪ +‬ﺳﻴﺎﺣﺎ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ‪ +‬ﺳﺎﻟﻦ ﺑﺰ
گ ﻗﺼﺮ ‪ .+‬ﺣﺴﻦ)‪883‬ـ‬
‫‪Oleg Grabar, Mostly Miniatures, An introduction‬‬ ‫‪856‬ﻫـ‪
 (.‬ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ ﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﺮ ﺑﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
‪ x‬ﻳﻦ ﻗﺼﺮ ﺷﺎ
‬
‫‪to Persiam Painting, Princeton and Oxford: Frinceton‬‬ ‫
‪ .‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮ ﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻳﻮ
‪ x‬ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ ،‬ﺻﺤﻨﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺟﻨﮓ‪ ،‬ﺣﻀﻮ
‬
‫‪University press, 2000, P. 9.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻴﺮ‪ .‬ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻤﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﺻﺤﻨﻪﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﺷﻜﺎ
ﻧﻮ ﺣﻴﻮﻧﺎ? ﻣﺜﻞ ﻓﻴﻞ ‬
‫‪F. R. Martin, Miniatures Painting and Painters of .5‬‬
‫‪37‬‬
‫ﻛﺮﮔﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ
ﻧﮓﻫﺎ‪ x‬ﻃﻼ‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﺮ  ‪:‬ﺑﻲ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
 to the Art and Culture of the Muslim World, Vol. I, New
York: The Islamic Art Foundation, 1981, p. 32.
22. Zeren Tanindi, “Some Problems of Two Istanbul
Albums, H. 2153 and 2160” in Islamic Art: An Annual
Dedicated to the Art and Culture of the Muslim World,
Persia, India and Turkey, from the 8th to the 18th Century,
.2 Vols, London, 1912
6. F. Sarre, and E. Mittwoch. Zeichnungen Von Riza
Abbasi, Munchen: F. Bruckmann A. – G., 1914.
+ ‫ ﻓﺮﻧﮕﻲﻫﺎ‬x‫ﻫﺎ‬x‫ "ﺳﻮﮔﺮ‬،‫ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺧﺰﻳﻲ‬:‫ ﻃﻼ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻧﮕﺎ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ‬x‫ ﺑﺮ‬.7
Vol. I, New York: The Islamic Art Foundation, 1981, ،1381 ‫  ﺑﻬﻤﻦ‬x ،19 
‫ ﺷﻤﺎ‬،‫ 
 ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﺗﺠﺴﻤﻲ‬x‫" 
ﻣﺎﻫﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎ‬.‫ﻫﻨﺮ ﻳﺮ‬
p. 38. .16 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬12 .‫ﺻﺺ‬
‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬:.‫ ﻳﺴﺒﺎ‬،.‫ﻟﻤﺎ‬: x‫ﻫﺎ‬x+‫ 
ﻣﻮ‬.‫ ﻫﻨﺮﻳﺮ‬x‫ ﮔﻨﺠﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎ‬،.‫ ﻫﺎﻧﺎ 
ﻣﺎ‬.23
‫ﺛﺎ‬:
 ‫
ﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﭘﺮﺳﭙﻜﺘﻴﻮ‬B‫ﻧﻬﺎ ﻇﺎﻫﺮً ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﻋﺪ‬: ‫ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺑﻰﺗﻮﺟﻬﻰ‬.8
.34 ‡ ،1967 ،‫ﻧﺸﺮ ﻓﺮﻧﺘﺲ ﺷﺘﻴﻨﺮ‬ .‫
ﻧﺪ‬: ‫ﺛﺎ
 ﻫﻨﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎ ﻧﻤﻰ‬: 
‫ﻧﻬﺎ‬: ‫ﺑﻮ  ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻟﻴﻞ‬
24. David J Roxburgh, "Heinnrich Friedrich von T. W. Arnold, Painting in Islam, Oxford: The Clar- .9
Diez and His Eponymous Albums: Mss.Diez A. fols. 70‫ـ‬ .endon Press, 1928
74," in Muqarnas, vol. XII, Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1995, p. 10. A. U. Pope, A Survey of Persian Art, London:
112. Oxford University Press, 1938.
25. F. Sarre, and E. Mittwoch. Zeichnungen Von Riza 11. Basil Gray, Persian Painting, Geneva: Art Albert
Abbasi, Munchen: F. Bruckmann A. – G., 1914. Skira, 1961.
‫ ﻋﻠﻞ‬،‫ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺧﺰﺋﻲ‬:‫ ﻃﻼ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ 
ﻣﻮ
 ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻓﻮ! ﻧﮕﺎ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ‬x‫ ﺑﺮ‬.26 ،x
‫ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺣﻤﺪ ﺳﻬﻴﻠﻲ ﺧﻮﻧﺴﺎ‬،‫ ﻫﻨﺮ‬.‫ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎ‬.‫ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﻴﺮﺣﻤﺪ ﻣﻨﺸﻲ ﻗﻤﻲ‬.12
‫ ﻧﺸﮕﺎ‬،‫ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﺎ
ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ 
ﺷﺪ‬.‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎ‬،‫
ﺿﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ‬+ ‫ ﺳﻼﻣﻲـ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ‬x‫
ﻛﻮ ﻧﮕﺎ
ﮔﺮ‬ .1366 ،B‫ ﭼﺎپ ﺳﻮ‬،x‫ ﻣﻨﻮﭼﻬﺮ‬x‫ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‬،.‫ﺗﻬﺮ‬
.98‫ـ‬62 ‫ ﺻﺺ‬،1370 ،D
‫ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺪ‬ :.‫ ﺗﻬﺮ‬،‫ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﻖ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻲ‬،.
‫ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﻫﻨﺮ‬.x‫ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻨﺪ‬.13
27. W. M. Thackston, Album Prefaces and Other .1369 ،f‫ﻧﺘﺸﺎ
? ﺳﺮ‬

‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﻣﺎ‬

Documents on the History of Calligraphers and 14. Filiz çagman, “On the Contents of the Four
Painterrs,Leien: Brill, 2001, pp. 4346‫ـ‬. Istanbul Albums H. 2152, 2153, 2154 and 2160” in
‫  ﭘﺎ
ﺳﻰ‬+‫ ﻳﺪﮔﺎ  ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﻰ ﺗﺎ‬+ ‫ ﻣﺪﺋﻦ‬.‫ ﻳﻮ‬.
‫ ﺳﻴﺪ ﻣﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﻮ ﻧﻮ‬.28 Islamic Art: An Annual Dedicated to the Art and Culture
.140 ‡ ،1383 ،.‫ ﻧﺘﺸﺎ
? ﻧﺸﮕﺎ ﺗﻬﺮ‬:.‫ ﺗﻬﺮ‬،‫ﺑﺤﺘﺮ  ﺧﺎﻗﺎﻧﻰ‬ of the Muslim World, Vol. I, New York: The Islamic Art
‫ ﺑﻮﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ‬x‫ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬،‫ ﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪ  ﻻﺷﺮ‬.x‫ ﺑﻮﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮ‬.29 Foundation, 1981, p. 31.
.100‫ـ‬99 ‫ ﺻﺺ‬،1365 ،B ‫ ﭼﺎپ‬،‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻧﺘﺸﺎ
? ﻋﻠﻤﻲ  ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ‬:.‫ ﺗﻬﺮ‬،‫ﭘﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬ (.‫ ﻫـ‬1015‫ـ‬1037)‫ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﻴﺮ‬،(.‫ ﻫﻨﺪ)ﮔﻮ
ﻛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬I‫ ﻣﻐﻮ‬.‫ 
ﺑﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﺷﺎﻫﺎ‬.15
1387 ‫ﺗﻴﺮ‬

?
‫ ﻧﺘﺸﺎ‬:.‫ ﺗﻬﺮ‬،‫ﺑﺎ‬: ‫ ﻧﺎﻛﺠﺎ‬x‫ ﭘﻴﺮ ﮔﻨﺠﻪ 
ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ‬.‫
ﻳﻦ ﻛﻮ‬+ ‫ ﻋﺒﺪﻟﺤﺴﻴﻦ‬.30  ‫ ﺗﻚ 
ﻗﻲ‬x‫ ﻳﺮﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮ‡ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ‬x‫ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﺷﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮ‬x‫ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬x‫ﻋﻼﻗﻪ‬
.81‫ـ‬82 ‫ ﺻﺺ‬،1372 ،‫ﺳﺨﻦ‬ “‫  ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻣﻌﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﮕﻴﺮ ﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﻌﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﮔﻠﺸﻦ 
ﻛﺎ‬.‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺷﺖ‬
49
.138‫ـ‬9 ‫ ﺻﺺ‬،‫ﺑﺎ‬: ‫ ﻧﺎﻛﺠﺎ‬x‫ ﭘﻴﺮ ﮔﻨﺠﻪ 
ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ‬.‫
ﻳﻦ ﻛﻮ‬+ ‫ ﻋﺒﺪﻟﺤﺴﻴﻦ‬.31  ‫ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﮔﻠﺸﻦ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﻮ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬x
‫ ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ ﻧﮕﻬﺪ‬x+‫ 
ﻣﻮ‬x‫  ﻳﮕﺮ‬.‫ ﺗﻬﺮ‬.‫ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎ‬
.62 ‡ ،1374 ،.‫ﻧﺸﺮ ﭘﻴﻤﺎ‬:.‫ ﺗﻬﺮ‬،‫ ﻫﺰ
 ﻳﻚ ﺷﺐ‬،x‫ ﺳﻤﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺷﺎﻫﺮ‬.32 x
:‫ ﮔﺮ‬.‫ﻫـ‬1019 ‫ ﺗﺎ‬1008 x‫ﻫﺎ‬I‫ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺎ‬x
‫ ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ‬D‫ ﺑﺮﺳﺎ‬.‫ ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
33. Khazaie, Mohammad. Eariy Islamic Persian .‫ ﺗﺬﻫﻴﺐ ﺷﺪ ﻗﺮ

ﻧﺪ‬x‫ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻃﺮﺣﻲﻫﺎ 
ﺧﻞﻳﻚ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ‬
Art, Origin, Form and Meaning , London , Book Extra ‫ ﻫﻨﺮ‬x‫ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ‬:?‫ ﻣﺮﻗﻌﺎ‬x‫ "ﻳﺒﺎﭼﻪﻫﺎ‬،‫
ﻛﺴﺒﺮ‬.‫ ﻳﻮﻳﺪ ﺟﻲ‬.16
Pub.,1999, p. 113, See also: J. Pedersen, The Arabic 
‫)ﺷﻤﺎ‬1 
‫ ﺷﻤﺎ‬B‫ ﺳﻮ‬I‫ ﺳﺎ‬،‫ ﻫﻨﺮ‬.‫ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎ‬،‫ﻗﺎﺟﺎﻧﻲ‬: D‫ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﻋﺒﺎ‬،".‫ﻳﺮ‬
Book, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984, p. .109‫ـ‬107.‫ ﺻﺺ‬،1386
‫ ﺑﻬﺎ‬،(7 ‫ﭘﻴﺎﭘﻲ‬
94. ‫( ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬x‫ ﻫﺠﺮ‬951) +‫ ﻣﻴﺮ‬B‫ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﻣﺮﻗﻊ ﻣﻌﺮ ﺑﻬﺮ‬I‫ ﺑﻪﻃﻮ
ﻣﺜﺎ‬.17
I: ‫ﻳﻪ ﻟﺴﺮ

ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ‬: 
‫
ﺣﻪ ﻟﺼﺪ‬،x‫
ﻧﺪ‬.‫ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎ‬.34 :‫ﺳﺖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻳﻦﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﺮ ﺷﺪ ﺳﺖ‬
.63 ‡،1364 ،‫ ﻧﺘﺸﺎ
? ﻣﻴﺮ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‬:.‫ ﺗﻬﺮ‬،I‫ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻗﺒﺎ‬،!‫ﺳﻠﺠﻮ‬ "x‫ ﻧﻬﺎ‬I‫ ﻋﺎ‬B‫"ﺑﻮﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﺑﻬﺮ‬ ‫ ﭘﺮﺳﻴﺪ ﮔﻔﺘﻢ‬B‫ﭼﻮ ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﺗﻤﺎ‬
B‫ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺘﻤﺎ‬،x ?
‫ 
ﻣﺰﻣﻮ‬x‫? ﺳﺪ‬+‫ ﻣﺮﻣﻮ‬.(‫)ﻳﻪ‬x+
‫ ﻧﺠﻢ ﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬.35 18. F. E. Karatay, Farsca Yazmalar Katalogu, Istabul
.103 ‡ ،1352 ،‫ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎ? ﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬:.‫ ﺗﻬﺮ‬،‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ
ﺿﺎ ﺷﻔﻴﻌﻲ ﻛﺪﻛﻨﻲ‬ 1961.
?
‫ ﭼﺎپ  ﻧﺘﺸﺎ‬.‫ﻣﺎ‬+‫ ﺳﺎ‬.‫ ﺗﻬﺮ‬،x
‫ ﺗﺎ
ﻳﺦ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺑﺮ‬.x‫ ﻧﺠﻴﺐ ﻣﺎﻳﻞ ﻫﺮ‬.36
.‫
? ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ  
ﺷﺎ ﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬+ 19. David J. Roxburgh, The Persian Album,
37. C. Groy, A Narrative of Italian Tvavels in persia 14001600‫ـ‬, New Haven & London: Yale University
London, 1013, 175 Press, 2005, p. 301.
1356 ،.‫ ﺗﻬﺮ‬،‫ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﻧﺠﺎﺗﻲ‬،
‫ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺮﺑﺸﺎ ﻋﺠﺎﻳﺐ ﻟﻤﻘﺪ
ﻓﻲ ﺧﺒﺎ
ﺗﻴﻤﻮ‬.38 20. David J. Roxburgh, The Persian Album, p. 302,
.297 ‡ Fig. 167.
،‫ ﻛﻠﻜﺘﻪ‬،I ‫ ﺟﻠﺪ‬،‫ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻬﺪ‬،‫ ﻇﻔﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬.x‫ ﺷﺮ ﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻳﺰ‬.39 21. Filiz çagman, “On the Contents of the Four
.802 ‡ ،x‫ ﻣﻴﻼ‬1887 Istanbul Albums” in Islamic Art: An Annual Dedicated