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    Sambhav Dubey
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    The document discusses the different layers of the Earth. It describes the crust, mantle, outer core and inner core. The crust is the outermost and thinnest layer where life exists. Below is the mantle, which is thicker and comprises most of the Earth's volume. The outer core is a liquid layer of iron and nickel below the mantle. The inner core is solid and the deepest layer. Plate tectonics are also summarized, noting that tectonic plates comprise the Earth's surface and move slowly over time.

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    The document discusses the different layers of the Earth. It describes the crust, mantle, outer core and inner core. The crust is the outermost and thinnest layer where life exists. Below is the mantle, which is thicker and comprises most of the Earth's volume. The outer core is a liquid layer of iron and nickel below the mantle. The inner core is solid and the deepest layer. Plate tectonics are also summarized, noting that tectonic plates comprise the Earth's surface and move slowly over time.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    14 views3 pages

    Geography by Sanskriti Dubey

    Uploaded by

    Sambhav Dubey
    The document discusses the different layers of the Earth. It describes the crust, mantle, outer core and inner core. The crust is the outermost and thinnest layer where life exists. Below is the mantle, which is thicker and comprises most of the Earth's volume. The outer core is a liquid layer of iron and nickel below the mantle. The inner core is solid and the deepest layer. Plate tectonics are also summarized, noting that tectonic plates comprise the Earth's surface and move slowly over time.

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    of 3

    Geography

    CHAPTER -2

    INSIDE THE PLANET EARTH


    C THE FOLLOWING ANSWER BRIEFLY

    Q-1 WHAT ARE ROCKS ?

    A-1 Rocks are made up the earth’s crust. They can be very large, Like Ayer’s Rock or Uluru in Australia. They
    can also be very tiny. The tiniest bits of rocks make up soil and sand . Rocks are made up of different
    minerals .

    Q-2 WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPE OF IGNEOUS ROCKS ?

    A-2 There are two different type of igneous rocks are:-


    a) Extrusive igneous rock
    b) Intrusive igneous rock

    Q-3 WHAT IS THE OUTER CORE OF THE EARTH MADE OF?

    A-3 The outer core is super hot with the temperature ranging between 4400°C to 5000°C . It is so hot
    that the metals that is made of – iron and nickel – are in their liquid state .

    Q-4 WHAT ARE MINERALS ? GIVE EXAMPLES.

    A-3 Minerals have definite chemical compositions, unlike rocks .They can be made from single element or
    from a combination of elements . Common minerals include quartz, feldspar, bauxite cobalt, talc and
    pyrite. Gold , copper and silver are also minerals .

    Q-5 WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OCEANIC CRUST AND CONTINENTAL


    CRUST?

    A-5 Difference Between oceanic crust and continental crust are as follows:-

    OCEANIC CRUST CONTINENTAL CRUST


    1) The crust is about 5 km 1) Continental crust is 70 Km
    thick in the ocean floor, thick on where we live and
    where it is called oceanic called continental crust.
    crust. 2) The mineral – rich
    2) The oceanic crust has continental crust is made
    more magnesium in it and up of silica and alumina,
    is hence called sima. because of which is called
    sial.

    D ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN DETAIL.

    Q-1 WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT LAYERS OF THE EARTH? EXAM WITH THE HELP OF A
    DIAGRAM.

    A-1 THERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF LAYERS ARE


    a) Crust pg-1
    b) Mantle
    c) Outer core
    d) Inner core

    CRUST

    This is the uneven outer layer of the earth where we live. It is thinner than all the outer layers and most
    solid

    MANTLE

    It is thicker than the crust almost 3000 km deep. It also consist silicate rocks . the mantle is rich in
    magnesium and iron as well and makes up 80 per cent of our Earth’s mass.

    OUTER CORE

    The outer core is super hot with the temperature ranging between 4400°C to 5000°C . It is so hot that
    the metals that is made of – iron and nickel – are in their liquid state. The outer core is what
    creates the magnetic field and is the reason why compass on the surface of the earth always point
    North. The magnetic field also acts as a protective barrier that shields the earth from the Sun’s
    destructive solar winds.

    INNER CORE

    Inner core is rich in iron and nickel but inner is so deep that it’s under tremendous pressure. It is extremely
    hot at over 5000°C.

    Layer of the earth


    crust

    Mantle
    OUTER CORE

    INNER CORE

    Q-2 WHAT ARE PLATES ? WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT WAYS IN WHICH THEY
    MOVE?
    A-2 Tectonic plates are the pieces of Earth's crust and topmost mantle. The tectonic plates are large
    sheets of rocks that comprise the earth's surface. These plates move slowly and change their position from
    time to time.

    The study of plates and their movement is called tectonic.

    Pg-2

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