LABORATORY | PHYSIOLOGY | PT 100

BS Physical Therapy

SECTION IV: MEMORY

RECENCY MEMORY PROCESS
MEMORY
▪ Events that have just occurred will be
▪ Information stored in the brain
remembered more easily and is the basis for the
▪ Defined as the faculty of encoding, storing, and
formation of short-term memories
retrieving information. (Zlotnik G & Vansintjan A,
2019) DOMINANT HEMISPHERE
SHORT TERM MEMORY ▪ Usually, the more dominant hemisphere is the
LEFT HEMISPHERE
▪ Lasts from seconds to a few minutes
✓ Primary reason why most people are right-
▪ Caused by continuous activity around a memory
handed
trace
✓ Left hemisphere: Intellectual functions
INTERMEDIATE LONG-TERM MEMORY ✓ Right hemisphere: Perceptual functions
▪ Lasts for days to weeks
▪ Caused by chemical changes in the presynaptic
terminals or postsynaptic neuronal membranes

LONG TERM MEMORY

▪ Can be recalled up to years or even a lifetime
later
▪ Caused by structural changes in the memory
trace
▪ Types: ANTEROGRADE VS. RETROGADE AMNESIA
➢ EXPLICIT (DECLARATIVE) LONG-TERM ▪ ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA
MEMORY
➢ A type of memory loss that occurs when you
• Conscious memory
can't form new memories.
✓ EPISODIC → events, autobiography
➢ Lesion: Hippocampus
✓ SEMANTIC → general knowledge of
the world (not experienced but ▪ RETROGADE AMNESIA
learned) ➢ A type of memory loss where an individual
➢ IMPLICIT LONG-TERM MEMORY cannot recall memories that were formed
• Unconscious memory; affects a person’s before the event that caused the amnesia.
behavior ➢ Lesion: parts of the brain responsible for
✓ PROCEDURAL MEMORY → assists in
emotions and memories
tasks
• Thalamus
PRIMARY MEMORY PROCESS • Hippocampus
▪ Events with a strong impact (whether good or
bad) or those that matters the most will be
better remembered and be processed into long-
term memory more easily
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SECTION IV - MEMORY