Normalizing

Temperature Profile of
Normalizing Normalizing is an
austenitizing heating
cycle followed by cooling
in still or slightly agitated
air.
Typically, the work is
heated to a temperature
about 55 °C (100 °F)
above the upper critical
line of the iron-iron
carbide phase diagram,
that is, above Ac3 for
hypoeutectoid steels and
above Acm for
hypereutectoid steels.
Partial iron-iron carbide phase diagram showing
typical normalizing range for plain carbon steels
Temperature Profile of
Normalizing
Tujuan Normalizing
• Increase or decrease the strength and hardness.
• Improve machinability, grain-structure refinement,
homogenization, and modification of residual
stresses.
• Homogenization of castings by normalizing may be
done in order to break up or refine the dendritic
structure and facilitate a more even response to
subsequent hardening.
• For wrought products, normalization can help
reduce banded grain structure due to hot rolling, as
well as large grain size or mixed large and small
grain size due to forging practice
Normalizing of Alloy Steels
(Alloy steel forgings, rolled products, and castings)

✓ Normalizing is commonly used as a conditioning

treatment before final heat treatment.

✓ Normalizing also refines the structures of forgings, rolled

products, and castings that have cooled nonuniformly
from high temperatures.
Normalizing of Alloy Steels
(Alloy steel forgings, rolled products, and castings)

Alloy carburizing steels such as 3310 and 4320 usually are

normalized at temperatures higher than the carburizing
temperature to minimize distortion in carburizing and to
improve machining characteristics.

Carburizing steels of the 3300 series sometimes are double

normalized with the expectation of minimizing distortion; these
steels are tempered at about 650 °C (1200 °F) for intervals of up
to 15 h to reduce hardness to below 223 HB for machinability.