Drug

Name: Jessa B. Name

Alojado Classification Mechanism of Action BupivacaineIndication
Drug Study Contraindication Adverse Reactions Nursing Responsibilities
Generic Name: Local Bupivacaine is an Bupivacaine  Hypersensitivity Hypersensitivity 1.) Obtain the signed consent for
Bupivacaine Anesthetics amide local anesthetic that is indicated to any of the local reactions, anginal administration of anesthesia.
provides local anesthesia for local anesthetic agent pain, anxiety, 2.) Monitor state of consciousness and vital
Brand Name: through blockade of nerve infiltration, of the amide type apprehension, signs, especially cardiac and respiratory
Marcaine impulse generation and peripheral nerve or to other blurred vision, status continuously in patients receiving
Sensorcaine conduction. These block, sympathetic components of bradycardia, retrobulbar and dental blocks.
impulses, also known as nerve block, and bupivacaine cardiovascular 3.) Monitor for signs of inadvertent
Dosage, Route & Frequency: action potentials, critically epidural and solutions. collapse, cardiac intravascular injection, which can produce a
Adult and Pediatric Dosages: depend on membrane caudal blocks. It is  Obstretical arrhythmias, chills, transient "epinephrine response" within 45
Injectable solution depolarization produced sometimes used in paracervical block confusion, seconds in the unsedated patient and an
 0.25% by the influx of sodium combination with anesthesia dizziness, increase by 20 bpm or more in heart rate
 0.5% ions into the neuron epinephrine to drowsiness, for at least 15 seconds in sedated patient.
 0.75% through voltage-gated prevent systemic edema, headache, 4.) Monitor for toxicity. CNS stimulation usually
sodium channels. It absorption and hypotension, occurs first, followed by CNS depression
Use in children <12 years is not crosses the neuronal extend the hypoventilation, (drowsiness, unconsciousness, respiratory
recommended; membrane and exerts its duration of action. nausea, loss of arrest). However, because stimulation is apt
> 12 years: Same as adult anesthetic action through The 0.75% (most consciousness, to be transient or absent, drowsiness may
dose: blockade of these channels concentrated) palpitations, be the first sign in some patients (especially
Causadal block: at the intracellular portion formulation is used respiratory arrest, children and older adults).
15-30 ml of 0.25% or 0.5% of their pore-forming in retrobulbar shivering, seizures, 5.) When appropriate, Inform the patient in
Epidural block: transmembrane segments. block. status advance that they may experience
10-20 ml of 0.25% - 0.5% The block is use- asthmaticus, temporary loss of sensation and motor
administered in 3-5 ml dependent, where tachycardia, activity, usually in the lower half of
increments allowing sufficient repetitive or prolonged tinnitus, tremors, the body, following proper administration
time to detect any toxic depolarization increases vomiting of caudal or epidural anesthesia.
manifestations of inadvertent sodium channel blockade. 6.) Assess dizziness that might affect gait,
intravenous or intrathecal Without sodium ions balance, and other functional activities.
administration passing through the Instruct the patient or family to report
Peripheral Nerve block: channel’s pore, balance problems and functional limitations
5 ml of 0.25% or 0.5%; bupivacaine stabilizes the to the physician and/or nursing staff, and
Max: 400 mg/day membrane at rest and caution the patient and family/caregivers to
Symphatetic nerve block: therefore prevents guard against falls and trauma.
20-50 ml of 0.25% (no neurotransmission.
epinephrine)
Local Anesthesia:
0.25% infiltrated locally.
Max: 175 mg