QUESTION ONE

1. Miss Frimpong's a midwifery tutor at St. Patrick's MTC has a two-hour lecture on
antepartum haemorrhage on Monday 18th December 2017 with diploma 300
students she chose to use lecture-demonstration as her preferred method of
teaching

A. Briefly explain this method of teaching

A method in which the teacher does something in the presence of the

students in order to show them how that thing is done
When combined with explanation or lecture, it is termed lecture-
demonstration
The teacher has 3 tasks: lecture, demonstrates and test students (counter-
demonstrate) to ensure they can practice what has been taught

B. Outline three advantages of using lecture demonstration

i. Learners are actively engaged

ii. Encourages all inclusive learning i.e all learning styles are involved
iii. raise students’ interest and motivation

C. Mention four other teaching methods she could have used

i. group discussion
ii. Discussion
iii. Illustrated lecture
iv. case studies

D. Write four (4) convergent questions she can ask on the topic

i. What is antepartum haemorrhage?

ii. What are the types of antepartum haemorrhage?
iii. What are the signs and symptoms of antepartum haemorrhage?

E. Why are divergent questions preferred to use in teaching?

i. How is APH diagnosed?

ii. How would you mange a patient with antepartum haemorrhage?
iii. Discuss the differences between Antepartum haemorrhage and post partum
haemorrhage

F. Discuss four (4) factors that influence miss Frimpong's choice of this
method

i. The topic/content
 ii. The learning objectives
iii. The learners i.e the characteristics of the learners
iv. The availability of resources i.e teaching materials
v. The class size

QUESTION TWO

The faculty of Health Sciences at Garden City University College has been using
multiple choice questions in assessing their students. Professor Anderson and newly
employed lecturer teaches abnormal labour in level midwifery 300. She had decided
to use essay questions for her end of semester examination

A. Justify professor Anderson's choice of assessment

B. State three reasons why the faculty are against the use of essay
questions

C. Differentiate between assessment and evaluation

D. Mention four other assessment tools that professor Anderson can use

E. Briefly describe summative assessment

F. Why is assessment important?

QUESTION THREE

A major challenge most teachers faces classroom management. Mr Dixon and the only
employed medical nursing tutor has two challenges how to manage lateness to
class by students and getting their attention.

A. Discuss three ways Mr Dickson can use to manage lateness by his

students

i. Set Clear Expectations. Make it clear right up front that prompt attendance is
expected of them during their education.
ii. Be the Example. Always begin your class on time
iii. Start Class Powerfully
iv. Reward Early Arrivals
 v. Late Students Sit in the Bac
B. Explain four techniques that she can use in getting his students
attention

i. Silence and intense stare

- This require the teacher to simply stand silently facing the class with an intense
stare
- The teacher therefore does nothing
- Soon the entire class will be drawn to the silence
- However, the technique is most effective in small class size

ii. Gestures & teacher movement

- This requires the teacher waving his hand or walking directly towards noisy
students

iii. Voice control

- Requires the teacher starts speaking in a very low tone and gradually raising his
or her voice to normal volume when the class is quiet and attentive
- When used frequently, you condition the class to become attentive to this signal
 Design hands-on lessons.

 Get your students up and moving.

 Vary participation structures and scenery.

 Use visuals often.

 Limit the amount of time you spend talking.

 Provide opportunities for cooperative learning.

 Allow your students to regularly share what they think.

C. Briefly explain why attention is necessary in the teaching-learning

process

D. For maximum learning to take place, a teacher must ensure that his students’
attention is obtained.
Attention allows us to plan or preview and monitor and regulate our thoughts and
actions. Attention is the first step in the learning process. We cannot understand,
learn or remember that which we do not first attend to.

E. Describe two other roles expected of Mr Dixon as a tutor

 i. Instructional expert : This core role of the teacher requires that he plans,
guides and evaluates learning
ii. Manager : This role requires the skills needed to maintain order in the
classroom. E.g. laying down rules and procedures for learning activities

iii. Counsellor : This skill is needed to ensure effective interpersonal sensitivity

and deal with day-to-day problems in school. Thus the teacher must be
prepared to assist students & parents in managing behaviour problems. This
helps to enhance students learning and development

F. State three qualities that an effective teacher must possess

 Establishes a productive classroom atmosphere

 Uses friendly humour
 Creates excellent teacher-student relationship
 Exercises good clasroom control and discipline
 Explanations are clear
 Has respect for students
 Displays intellectual honesty

QUESTION FOUR

Although she had bad experience at the diploma level miss hayford is determined to get
a help score a high score in community nursing exam. As the course lecturer;

A. Describe how you would use these behavioral principles to help miss
hayford
Negative reinforcement

When Miss Hayford listen quietly to the lesson, reward her by canceling the homework
assignment for that night. Because if this happens multiple times, the kids will
consistently work harder and be more productive while in the classroom.

Positive punishment

 Adding chores and responsibilities when he fails to follow the rules.

 Assigning students who forget to turn in their assignment extra work.

 B. Discuss four principles each that should guide the lecturer in applying
these principles in the classroom

Positive reinforcement

• Reinforcement should be applied immediately: The longer the teacher waits to

reinforce a student, the less effective the reinforcer will be
• Frequently: It is especially important to frequently reinforce when a student is
learning a new behavior or skill. If reinforcers are not given frequently enough,
the student may not produce enough of a new behaviour for it to become well-
established
• Enthusiasm in the delivery of the reinforcer: thus the teacher must show interest
when reinforcing the student
• Variety: Students get tired of the same things. A certain reinforcer may be highly
desired, but, after repeated exposure, it loses its effectiveness

Punishment

1. The punishing procedures should be initiated as soon as possible after the

aversive behaviour is exhibited
2. Should be as closely related to the misbehaviour as possible
- Thus punishment must be fair, just and must not involve the assignment of extra
work that is unrelated to the act for which the student is being punished
3. Be conservative when using punishing techniques but ensure their intensity is
appropriate.
- If punishments are too mild, they will not be effective and may slowly habituate
the child to tolerate or adapt to more intensive punishments.
- If too intense, however, punishments are not only abusive but likely create other
problems

6. All students are aware of which behaviours are punished and how they are
punished
7. Opportunities must also be offered for the student to exhibit and receive
reinforcement for more appropriate behaviour
8. Finally, it is valuable to attempt to find out what drives the misbehaviour and
work toward managing the environment to minimize causative factors.

C. Mention to dispositional barriers miss Hayward is likely to face

 low-esteem and self-confidence

 negative attitudes as a learner as being too old
 negative attitudes towards their situation as a learner too sick
 negative attitudes towards their situation as a learner too busy
 negative attitudes as not smart enough as a learner
 previous negative school experience
Discuss how you can help Miss Hayford overcome each of the barrier stated
above

Discuss 3 preventive disciplinary measures you can put in place as a lecture

in your subsequent classes

i) Be a desired model to students

ii) Make lessons interesting and challenging

iii) Be with-it; thus the teacher should:

- Move around the classroom and know what is going on

- Helps detect any misbehaviour before it escalates

iv) Set class rules/expectations with students

v) Get academic work started

 QUESTION FIVE

Professor Charles Smith is currently the medical nursing lecturer at the Department of
nursing University of Nottingham. He has 20 topics to teach in the second semester for
level 300 Nissan class 90 students. Professor therefore decided to use group
presentation and discussion as hip as his preferred teaching methods and most of
his lessons. One of the topics to be presented by the students is diabetes mellitus

A. Mention four ways that students can introduce the lesson on diabetes mellitus

i. Establishing students interest & involvement

ii. Getting students attention
iii. Establishing a framework
 Asking questions to get the students thinking about the topic of the lesson.

 Showing pictures that relate to the lesson topic.

 Telling a story to show the importance of the topic.

 Bringing in "realia" (real objects) related to the lesson.

B. State three disadvantages of using discussion as a teaching method

 Few people can dominate and others may not participate

 Is time consuming
 Can get off the track

D. Enumerate advantages of using group presentation as a teaching

method

E. Break complex tasks into parts and steps.

F. Plan and manage time.

G. Refine understanding through discussion and explanation.

H. Give and receive feedback on performance.

I. Challenge assumptions.

J. Develop stronger communication skills.

provides a greater opportunity for learners to explore different learning styles and
processes.
SGT allows learners to discuss ideas and concepts with fellow learners and teachers.
Learners can be provoked into thinking deeply by challenging questions from a skilled
facilitator.
In terms of the learning domains of knowledge, skills and attitudes, and the hierarchies
within them, SGT is particularly useful for dealing with the higher levels of application,
analysis, synthesis, evaluation and judgement.

Learning which is contextualised in an environment where ideas are actively discussed

and challenged is more likely to result in ‘deep’ level learning,
D. Write four learning objectives he could set for the topic on diabetes

Learning Objectives

Upon completion of this course, the dental professional should be able to:

 Define metabolic abnormalities related to diabetes.

 Differentiate between the pathophysiology of T1D and T2D.

 Distinguish between DKA and HHS.

 Determine the appropriate protocol to prevent a medical emergency during

dental treatment for a patient with T1D and T2D.

 Analyze the dental management suggestions related to patients with

uncontrolled diabetes.

 List five questions that might be appropriate to help determine a patient’s

glycemic control or disease management.

 Explain why blood glucose levels should be less than 200 mg/dl before invasive
dental treatment.

 Describe several strategies for stabilizing blood glucose levels for dental patients.

 Define normoglycemia in a way that a patient will understand.

 State the three psychological factors that have been identified with successful
patient education outcomes.

E. Explain why teaching learning materials are important in professors daily

lesson

Teaching-Learning Materials (TLMs) are important for the teachers in teaching

his/her lesson effectively as it help him/her to a better interpretation and appreciation
of the concepts, contents as well as the subject matter. TLMS also enables the students
to proceeds towards concrete learning.
 G. Briefly explain why attention is necessary in the teaching-learning
process

For maximum learning to take place, a teacher must ensure that his students’
attention is obtained. This however demand certain skills on the part of the
teacher.

H. Discuss 4 practical ways prof can sustain the students interest in his
lessons

1 – Make them see it as part of their daily life. ...

2 – Make it fun. ...

3 – Show the relevance to their future careers. ...

4 – Let them participate in the whole process. ...

5 – Use multiple resources. ...

6 – Make it personal. ...

7 – Leave the exams for later.

I. Explain how the students size influenced professor Smith choice of

teaching method

QUESTION SIX

Assessment of learning is very important exercise in the teaching-learning process.

The Dean of students of the school NTC has therefore approved rating scale be
used for clinical assessment and both essay and multiple-choice questions
for classroom assessment. Doctor Robertson and lecturer at the NTC and his two-
hour lesson on hypertension that's why I said his students formatively using essays
questions

A. Differentiate between a rating scale and a checklist

B. The main difference between an observation checklist and a rating

scale is that the checklist observes whether the criteria is met or not
usually by means of an X or a Ö . In the case of rating scales a number
is often given to ascertain the level to which the student has achieved
the aim of the activity.
 A checklist itemizes task descriptions in one column and provides a space beside
each item in a second column to check off the completion of the task. These are
judged at a defined level within a stated range

Rating scales list performance statements in one column and the range of
accomplishment in descriptive words, with or without numbers, in other columns.
These other columns form “the scale” and can indicate a range of achievement,
such as from poor to excellent, never to always, beginning to exemplary, or
strongly disagree to strongly agree.
Rating scales are similar to checklists except that they indicate the degree of
accomplishment rather than just yes or no.

C. State three reasons and lecturer would use mcqs for assessment

D. to increase students’ reflections on what they do during the compulsory

exercise work,
E. to stimulate continuous reading throughout the semester and not only in
the final days before the exam.

F. Briefly explain how Robertson could use redirecting as a questioning

technique during teaching

The teacher ask a question

a student answer
the teacher does not react to the answer but redirects the question to another
student

G. Mention three ways or tools professor can use formatively

oral questions
class presentation
assignment

H. Briefly explain how a lecturer at the midwifery department can ensure

his assessment is reliable

 Increase the number of evaluative items/questions

- Reliability is improved when the amount of data collected is increased because of
the larger sample of the test items
- E.g. a test of 50 items is likely to be more reliable than one of 25 items
 Test should not be too long or too short for the time alloted
 score objectively
- Reliability is improved when objective data are collected
- With subjective test items, even if the marker is the same, similar answers by
student can be scored differently on different occasion due to internal differences
within the marker
 - Hence the marker should keep a good disposition over each script that is marked
 ensure the test items are clear and concise
 extraneous variables such as candidate’s hand writing, previous performance
should not be considered

I. Write three converging questions professor can ask on hypertension

What are the new guidelines for hypertension?

What are 3 ways to treat hypertension?
What is the first drug of choice for hypertension?

J. Using Bloom's Taxonomy write three questions each that doctor can ask
on hypertensive at these levels

Comprehension level

 comprehension: classify, describe, discuss, explain

Application level

 application: solve, use, demonstrate, sketch

QUESTION SEVEN

Miss Henrietta teachers obstetric anatomy and physiology. More students perceive the
scores as not interested and as such misbehave with absenteeism during lessons
period in her mid semester examination more than half of the students therefore got
very low marks which they do not like

Mention four techniques she can use to get the students attention

Briefly explain Four Ways she can introduce her lessons to get students interested in
them

Explain for cognitive learning strategies that can she can use or recommend to student
to facilitate teaching learning process

Write four courses objectives that Miss Smith could set for the school's

Briefly describe how she can use these behavioral principle to manage absenteeism

Positive reinforcement

Negative punishment
The choice of an appropriate teaching method is very crucial for the teaching-learning
process. In a two-hour lesson with BSC level 300 Emory students regular on episode
Tommy prophet Yuma the new lectures of abnormally buy used demonstration as a
preferred teaching method

A. State two and that teaching methods that she could use in teaching this topic.

Mentioned to teaching learning materials needed for this lesson .

List three factors that she might have used considered in her choice of the method.

Explain how any two of the factors listed in VI above influence the choice of the
teaching method

Enumerate three advantages of using the demonstration method of teaching.

Write three convergent questions that you can ask on the stupid.

Write three divergent questions that she can ask on this topic.

Why are divergent questions important in the teaching learning process?

Miss Alex med-fit Twitter at SP and mtc has to two hour lesson on family planning.
Barrier method on Monday 18 December 2018 with diploma level 300 students. She
chose to use illustrated lecture and discussion as her dominant method of teaching.

A. Briefly explain the Illustrated lecture method of teaching

B. Outline three advantages of using the discussion method.

Mention three disadvantages of using the Illustrated lecture method.

Briefly explain two question and techniques that she can use to ensure active students
participation.

Discuss how the topic and teaching learning materials influenced Mr Pokuaa choice of
the teaching methods.

Using the Bloom's Taxonomy write 2 questions each that she that can be asked at
levels knowledge level

Application level
Professor Anderson a newly employed lecturer at the Department of nursing he usually
assesses his students during his lessons and prefers to set multiple choice questions for
his end of semester

A. Differentiate between formative and summative assessment.

State three reasons why formative assessment is important in the kitchen.

Justify professor Anderson's choice of assessment cover all contents of syllables.

Write four reasons why professor need to plan his lesson for teaching.

What three things are factors should he consider in planning for his lesson

In miscellaneous first year as a lecturer at the Department of nursing one major

challenges facing is absenteeism by the weekend labour 400 students. Despite their
absenteeism these students are interested in getting high scores in their exam

A. Briefly explain how muskoka can you use these behavioral principles to manage
absenteeism positive punishment negative reinforcement

B. Discuss three other measures she can use to manage misbehaviour in her classroom.

State three example each for these barriers that the students are likely to face

Situational barriers

Dispositional barriers

Institutional barriers.

Discuss two ways that Miss Coker can help students manage any two of the situational
barriers mentioned above in order to facilitate learning

The school of nursing and Midwifery uses essay questions and written skill for their end
of semester exam. Dr Robertson electric the nursing department assesses students
formatively in his two-hour lesson on meningitis using multiple choice questions.

Why would a teacher use a rating scale for his end of semester exam.

Why would a lecturer consider using mcqs for his last quiz.
Briefly explain why formative assessment is necessary in teaching and learning process.

Briefly explain how doctor Robertson and show these qualities and his assessment

Reliability

Validity.

Using the Bloom's Taxonomy write three questions each that Dr Robertson can act on
meningitis at these levels

Knowledge level

Evaluation level.

Miss behaviour appears to be common among students. Professor a Jobber and lecturer
at the midwifery department jcuc is facing two major challenges in her normal
pregnancy class. Students absenteeism and improper dressing to class. Despite these
misconduct by the students they are interested in getting high scores in Prof course.

A. Rights for specific preventive disciplinary measures prof could put in place.

Discuss why disciplinary measures are important in the teaching and learning process.

What four specific duties should probably doing and performing her role as a

Class manager and

Instructional expert or facilitator.

Discuss how could you use positive reinforcement in managing absenteeism in her
class