Exploitation (Trader to ruler)

1. Exploitation of India which was started initially in the form of trade.

2. later on other forms of exploitation were made through investment income in the form of
dividends and profits.

3. These included salaries of British army and civil officers, payment of pensions, furloughs and
other benefits and also payment of interest on Sterling debt.
4. Manipulation of import and export duties by the British rulers so as to annihilate the
supremacy of the Indian goods.
Merchants' capital phase
* The phrase had started in 1757 and ended in 1813 during this period East India Company
invested money on surplus revenue for purchasing Indian finished goods and explore it into
Europe.

* This was basically a basically feudal economic system most of the wealth trained out of India
due to a surplus revenue system.
Free trade phase
1. This face had begun in 1813 and ended in 1858.
2. the British provided all raw materials for purchasing goods as a result India was converted into
an importer of machine-made cotton Textiles and an exporter of cotton and other raw material
unfortunately the business Policy was very systematic, and the exploitation of workers had
increased.

3. This led to a huge look for special colonies and sub-colonies so that exclusive control of the
imperialist country could be exercised
Finance capital phase
1. The third stage—the stage of ‘finance imperialism’—can be said to possess started from the
latter half of the 19th century.
2. Britain, of course, kept India as her most important colony where the British capital could
hope to maintain a haven.