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Digital Storage Devices
and Arithmetic Logic Unit”
in
[ Microprocessor Systems and Interfacing ]
Lecture‐05
M. M. Yasin
myasin@cuisahiwal.edu.pk
[ Topics Covered ]
• Basic Digital Storage Devices
– D Latch
– D Flip‐Flop
– Register
– ROM
– RAM
• Arithmetic Logic Unit
Note: Topics covered are from “Prologue” chapter of Douglas V. Hall’s book.
Timing Diagram
D Latch
Timing Diagram
D Flip‐Flop
• A binary word is applied at the D input. When the Clk is
made from low to high, D input is transferred to Q output
and remain stored on Q outputs.
• Other circuitry can read the stored binary word from the Q
outputs at any time without changing its value.
What would happen if flip‐flops are connected in series. i.e.,
the output of first is applied at the input of second…???
• Non‐Volatile.
• Any particular location is accessed by address lines(A0 to
A14) and data is read on data lines(D0 to D7).
• Data outputs are three state outputs. i.e., logic low state,
logic high or high impedance state. In high impedance state,
an output is disconnected from anything connected to it.
• CE (Chip Enable) is used to enable the device for any operation.
If CE input is not active, then all outputs will be in the high
impedance state.
Fall 2022 ‐ M. M. Yasin 1.9
Basic Digital Storage Devices
4. ROM (Read‐only‐Memory)
• Why need three state outputs??
Hint: Think of more than one ROMs connected in parallel and all of them
have two‐state outputs.
• Any particular location is accessed by address lines(A0 to
A11) and data is read on data lines(D0 to D7).
• CE (Chip Enable) is used to enable the device for any operation.
• R/W is used to specify Read or Write operation.
• It’s volatile.
• 74LS181 is 4‐bit ALU. Therefore, it can perform anyone of
the 16 logic functions or anyone of the 16 arithmetic
functions on two 4‐bit binary words.
If we have an 8‐bit input data or 16‐bit input data, how can
we make use of 74LS181 device…???
• With mode input (M), logic or arithmetic function is
selected, while with 4‐bit select (S0‐S3) code, one of the 16
functions (arithmetic/logic) is selected.
Schematic Symbol
74LS181 4‐bit ALU
Truth‐Table
74LS181 4‐bit ALU
Fall 2022 ‐ M. M. Yasin 1.16