Second Jack

WOLKITE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering of Technology

Department of Mechanical Engineering
Title: Design and Analysis of Screw Jack Using FEM
NAME OF STUDENT
1. Pawulos Mekonen…………………………………..ENGR/679/11
2. Mulualem Eshetu……………………………………ENGR/627/11
3. Natanael Aschalew……………………………….....ENGR/649/11
4. Natanael Kebede……………………………………..ENGR/655/11
5. Muaz Abdulsemed…………………………………..ENGR/616/11
6. Mikiyas Belayneh…………………………………...ENGR/595/11
7. Safine Samuel……………………………………….ENGR/709/11
8. Melese Bade…………………………………………ENGR/890/11
9. Latera Belay…………………………………………ENGR/514/11
10. Jiregna Abera………………………………………..ENGR/469/11
Submission Date :13/07/2013

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF SCREW JACK
WOLKITE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering of Technology
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Title: Design and Analysis of Screw Jack Using FEM
NAME OF STUDENT
1. Pawulos Mekonen…………………………………..ENGR/679/11
2. Mulualem Eshetu……………………………………ENGR/627/11
3. Natanael Aschalew……………………………….....ENGR/649/11
4. Natanael Kebede……………………………………..ENGR/655/11
5. Muaz Abdulsemed…………………………………..ENGR/616/11
6. Mikiyas Belayneh…………………………………...ENGR/595/11
7. Safine Samuel……………………………………….ENGR/709/11
8. Melese Bade…………………………………………ENGR/890/11
9. Latera Belay…………………………………………ENGR/514/11
10. Jiregna Abera………………………………………..ENGR/469/11
Submission Date :13/07/2013

Abstract
A screw jack is a mechanical device used to easily lift a vehicle off the ground, to
gain access to sections underneath vehicles for maintenance. The most important
fact of a jack is that it gives the user a mechanical advantage by changing the
rotational force on manual screw into linear motion, allowing user to lift a heavy
car to the required height. Screw jack consist of screw spindle and nut that rotates
by crank and bevel gear system were designed.
In this project an attempt has been made to design screw jack that lift and supports
a load of 343550N or 343.55KN for industrial application. The first chapter deal
with introduction, second chapter presents literature review, third chapter presents
product design specification and conceptual design, chapter four deals with
embodiment design and design layout, fifth chapter deals with detail design and
analysis of parts of screw jack. Result, discussion, conclusion, recommendation,
with dealt in the next chapters. Part and assembly drawings are shown in the
appendix.
Acknowledgement
We would like to express our sincere thanks and appreciations to our instructor Mr.
Nahom next to God, for their guidance, advice, precious time and constant support
all time. Next to these we would like to thank our group member for their feedback
and sharing ideas with us and to all those who have helped as, we express our
sincere “Thanks!”
CHAPTER ONE................................................................................................................................ 1
1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 APPLICATIONS ................................................................................................................................. 2
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT.......................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................................................... 4
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT ........................................................................................................................ 4
1.5 METHODS OF THE REPORT ................................................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................... 6
2. LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................................................................. 6
CHAPTER THREE ............................................................................................................................ 8
3.CONCEPTUAL DESIGN ............................................................................................................................. 8

3.1 PRODUCTION DESIGN SPECIFICATION....................................................................................................... 8
3.2 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT.................................................................................................................. 8
3.3 FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE.................................................................................................................... 10
3.4 PART CONCEPTS AND ALTERNATIVE DESIGN PATH ................................................................................... 11
3.5 CONCEPT GENERATION AND DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................. 11
3.6 CONCEPT EVALUATION....................................................................................................................... 14
3.7 SELECTION SOLUTION CONCEPT ........................................................................................................... 15
CHAPTER FOUR ............................................................................................................................ 16
4 EMBODIMENT DESIGN .......................................................................................................................... 16

4.1 ESTABLISHING PRODUCT ARCHITECTURE ................................................................................................ 16
4.2 FORM DESIGN .................................................................................................................................. 17
4.3 MATERIAL SELECTION ........................................................................................................................ 18
CHAPTER FIVE .............................................................................................................................. 21
5 DETAIL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS................................................................................................................. 21

5.2ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................................................... 31
5.2.1NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ..................................................................................................................... 31
CHAPTER SIX................................................................................................................................ 44
6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS .................................................................................................................... 44
CHAPTER SEVEN .......................................................................................................................... 46
7.CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION..................................................................................................... 46

7.2 RECOMMENDATION .......................................................................................................................... 46
CHAPTER EIGHT ........................................................................................................................... 47
8 REFERENCE ......................................................................................................................................... 47
CHAPTER NINE ............................................................................................................................. 49
9 APPENDIX ........................................................................................................................................... 49
List of figure
Figure 1:(conceptual design 1)................................................................................. 12
Figure 2:concept two................................................................................................ 13
Figure 3:conceptual design 3 ................................................................................... 13
Figure 4:establishment of product architecture........................................................ 17
Figure 5.2Figure 5: (Terms used in Bevel Gears).................................................... 25
Figure 6:Cranked lever ............................................................................................ 28
Figure 7: cup for holding bearing ............................................................................ 30
Figure 8:body of the screw jack ............................................................................... 31
Figure 9:load applied direction or boundary conditions .......................................... 35
Figure 10:On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model Static Case
Solution.1 - Von Mises stress (nodal values).2 ..................................................... 35
Figure 11:3D elements: : Components: : All Static Case Solution.1 - Deformed

mesh.1 ...................................................................................................................... 36
Figure 12: the total deformation of cup ................................................................... 36
Figure 13:3D elements: : Components: : All Static Case Solution.1 - Deformed

mesh.1 ...................................................................................................................... 42
Figure 14:3D elements: : Components: : All Static Case Solution.1 - Stress

principal tensor symbol.1 ...................................................................................... 42
List of table
Table 1: product design specification ........................................................................ 8
Table 2 Part conceptual and alternative design path ................................................ 11
Table 3:is a table weighting the attribute of each concept to aid in the deciding a
final concept. ............................................................................................................ 15
Chapter One
1 Introduction
1.1 Back ground of the project
Engineers play a key role in the development of our society, contributing toward
building the economy and inspiring changes that improve on the quality of life.
They possess the ability to comprehend technological process and creative thinking
skills which can help in the present in both business and industrial world [1].
Due to technological change in the world today there is a need for research and
development activity to help counter this, and this can be in terms of complete or
slight changes from the existing technology and all this works requires an engineer.
In an effort of this screw jacks were invented. The virtue of using screw as a
machine, essentially an inclined plane wound round a cylinder, was first
demonstrated by Archimedes in 200BC with his screw used for pumping water.
There is evidence of the use of screw in the Ancient Roman world but it was the
great Leonardo da Vinci in the late 1400’s who first demonstrate the use of screw
jack for lifting loads. Looking at Leonardo’s work from so long ago, it is incredible
to see the use of threaded worm gear, supported on bearing, that rotates the turning
of worm shaft to drive a lifting screw to move the load instantly recognizable as
principle we use today. We are not sure what application Leonardo’s invention was
intended for but it seems to have been relegated to the history books along with the
helicopter and tank for almost four centuries. It is not until the late 1800’s that we
have evidence of the product being developing further.
With the industrial revolution of the late 18th and 19th centuries came the first use
of screws in machine tools from English inventors such as John Wilkinson and
Henry Maudsley. During the early 1880’s in Coaticook, a small town near Quebec,
a 24-year old inventor named Frank Henry Sleeper designed a lifting jack. Like Da
Vinci’s jack, it was a technological innovation because it was based on the
principle of the ball bearing for supporting a load and transferred rotary motion,
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through gearing and a screw, into linear motion for moving the load. The device
was efficient, reliable and easy to operate. It was used in the construction of bridges,
but mostly the railroad industry, where it was able to lift locomotives and railway
cars [1].
Today manufacturing companies enters to manufacture lifting jacks, that can be

linked mechanically or electronically and with the advance in motion control, load
can be positioned to within micros. Improvement in gear technology to gather
within the addition of precision ball screw and roller screws mean the application
for screw jacks are endless and a real alternative to hydraulic in term of duty cycle
and speed at a time when industry demands cleaner, quieter and more relabel
solutions.
1.1.1 Applications of screw jacks
If you are wondering how wide ranging the uses of screw jacks are then you may
be surprised. Although normally hidden away they are the integral part of many
machines that impacts our daily lives. Bread beer, hospital beds, crisps, dentist
chairs, crockery, roller-coaster, football stadium, theaters aircraft bridges, mars bars,
jumbo jets, paper steel, glass, electric generations, satellite dishes… have one thing
in common screw jacks.
1.1.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of screw jacks
Advantages
Screw jacks lift moderately heavy loads against gravity and uses very small handle
force that can be applied manually. Generally, screw jacks have the following
advantages
 They have large load carrying capacity
 They are self-locking
 They were give smooth and nose-less service without any maintenance
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 They are simple to design and analyze
 They are manufactured easily and, have accesses in market in many designs
Disadvantages
Screw jacks are limited in there lifting capacity and can’t use for supporting heavy
load that cannot considered in the design, because they can fail at their treads and
cause serious damages in to humans.
1.1.4 Components of screw jack
There are seven components in screw jack
i. Body (frame)
ii. Screw (spindle of the jack)
iii. Nut and collar of the nut
iv. Handel (Tommy bar)
v. Cup
vi. Set screw
vii. Washer
1.2 Problem statement

The mechanical screw jack that used for high load lifting and supporting are mostly
drive by electrical motors. Those jack where expensive to buy and use, also have no
in areas that have shortage of electric power use. On this paper, intended to design
screw jack that lifts about 35tons or 35000KG of mass manually using low cost
materials. The maximum height of the jack has to be 140mm and the maximum lifting
height is about 500mm. The driving mechanism that were used before on low load
carrying capacity jacks long and not easy to operate on it, and it has to be changed
with handy driving system that the designers present in conceptual design part.
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1.3 Objective of the project
1.3.1 General objective
The general objective of this project is to design and analyze screw jack using finite
element method(FEM).
1.3.2 Specific objectives
 Preparing conceptual design

 Part detail design
 Part drawing and assembly drawing using CATIA CAD software
 Critical part analysis using FEM(ANSYS)
1.4 Scope of the project
This project is about designation and analysis of screw type jack. The scope of this
project were designing and analyze 35ton maximum lifting capacity by using FEM.
Driving system is modified from long hand to rotating bevel gears in order to
maximize the efficiency of the products and making it handy to use for any one.
And other components were added like bearing, bolts and flat plate cast with the
top of the frame to support the gears and bearing. Therefore, the deformation and
factor of safety of the gear and bearing will be analyzed by using Ansys software.
From our analysis, we will propose the best concept of the screw jack in terms of
friendly user.
1.5 Methods of The Report
This section of the report includes guideline system to achieve our objectives, for
solving the problem which is stated in the statement of the problem; with specific
component such as phases tasks, methods and techniques and tools. We decided to
use the following methods in the process
Data collection and evaluation
Conceptual design
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Material selection
Detail design
Strength analysis using ANSYS
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Chapter Two
2. Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
In this section of the report project papers are discussed related to present work.
Published papers are highlighted in this section. The main purpose of this literature
review is to get information about the project from the reference books, magazines,
journals, technical papers and websites. In this chapter the discussion will be made
base on all sources. After goings though various literature, some of the selected
papers are cited below and which we used to develop the new design of screw car
jack.
2.1.1 Presentation of literature review of the previous research work
On this paper the modified driving system is highly complex. The new modified
driving system designer used have compound gear system that contain about 17
spur gears, compacted together to one gear box. This driving mechanism is handy
to use in industrial application, but it need continuous maintenance and lubrication
to operate perfectly. It also detachable and have load to carry around and use it in
day to day life. The analysis that has been performed is clear and understandable,
we use it as one source of our analysis methods. [1]
The paper computer aided machine design: case study on the design of a screw car
jack present good and simple way of designing jack by using computer software's.
it describes the classification of thread suitable to use in the strength of material
manner. The result the designer get from the procedure is perfect. The use of
math-lab makes easy and clean the computation used in the designation. [1]
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In this paper a lifting device is a system that allows small force (effort) to overcome
a large force or load. There are practically hundreds of uses for lifting table in
manufacturing, warehousing and distribution facilities. The addition of this (lifting
table) makes job faster, safer, and easier. Some typical application includes;
machine feeding and offloading, product assembly, inspection quality control repair,
feeding and offloading conveyor levels. The commonest method for operating a
scissor lift is the use of power screw. [11]
On machine drawing book we there is classification of threads and there uses. The
designer selects the perfect thread that will be used in our project, the description
says “ACME thread is a modified form of square thread. It is much stronger than
square thread because of the wider base and it is easy to cut. The inclined sides of
the thread facilitate quick and easy engagement and disengagement as for example,
the split nut with the lead screw of a lathe. [12]
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Chapter Three
3.Conceptual Design
3.1 Production design specification
Product design specifications
Table 1: product design specification
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Load to be lifted 35ton
Minimum height of jack 150mm
Maximum lifting of the 500mm

jack
Screw jack
Type of the jack
3.2 Functional Requirement
Very common throughout the world, screw jacks are found wherever is need to lift,
position, align and hold load. There high reliability and synchronization makes screw
jacks suitable for wide variety of uses that alternative methods of handing cannot
achieve. A screw jack also known as a gear box assembly (either worm or bevel gear)
and transmission product (lead screw, ball screw or roller screw) which tough use of a
motor is used to convert rotary motion in to linear motion. They can be used to push,
pull, tension, lock unlock, tilt, pivot, roll, slide, and lift or lower loads, from few kilos
to thousands of tones. Screw jacks are essential components in automated machinery.
Safety and legislative concerns drive the automation of handling and lifting of heavy
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loads, particularly in regions which have developed workplace and health and safety
legislation [6].
A screw jack consists of a heavy-duty vertical screw with a load mounted on its top,
which screws in to a threaded hole in a stationary support frame with a wide base
resting on the ground. A rotating collar on the head of the screw has hole in to which
the handle is turned clockwise, the screw moves further out of the base, lifting the
load resting on the head (or load table). in order to support large forces, the screw is
usually formed with ACME threads.
The ideal mechanical advantage of screw jacks the ratio of the force the jack exerts on
the load to the input force on the lever ignoring friction is
Fload 2r

Fin l
where
Fload is the force the jack exerts on the load.
Fin is rotational force exerted on the handle of the jack
r is the length of the jack handle, from the screw axis to where the force is applied.
l is the lead of the screw
The screw jack consists of two simple machines I series; the long operating handle
servers as a lever whose output force turns the screw. So the mechanical advantage is
increased by longer handle as well as a finer screw thread. However, most screw jack
have large amount of friction which increase the input force necessary, so the actual
mechanical advantage of often only 30% to 50% of this figure [5].
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3.3 Functional Structure

3.3.1 Overall Function
The overall function of the design that will be developed is shown in the diagram
below.
Process of lifting
the load
Where
L is load, is lifted load
Is human power, is calibration of human power
Chart 1 overall function
3.3.1 Sub Function
Unloading
Balance
load
Screw Lifted weight

Weight to be
jack
lifted
Loading Manual supporting

power in put
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Load
Energy
Visual signal
Chart 2 sub function
3.4 Part Concepts and Alternative Design Path
Table 2 Part conceptual and alternative design path
Orientation Type of jack Driving Weight Height

mechanism
Vertical Simple type Manual Low Low
Adjustable Leg Electrical Moderate Moderate

supported
type
Horizontal Advanced High High
type
3.5 Concept Generation and Description

This part deals with concept generation and description. Three concepts are
outlined and described in a different manner from one another.
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Concept one
Figure 1:(conceptual design 1)
Design #1 work manually with worm gear and lever crank as a driving mechanism.
It has a gear box to support and attach the worm gear to the spindle of the jack. The
bevel gear used as both driver and support for load caring spindle, it is elongated
form its hub to do the supporting.
Description
Advantage
 Low wear
 Easy to use
 Motor can be mounted easily
Disadvantage
 High cost due to the production complexity of the worm gear
 Have high load
Concept two
Design #2 is supported by four legs, work manually by two bevel gear and lever. It
has two bevel gear, bed to support spindle, leg for carrying all loads, spindle that rise
the load and cup at the top to carry the load.
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Figure 2:concept two
Description
Advantage
 Steady support
 Easy to use
Disadvantage
 High wear risk between bed and the gear
 Have high mass
 Need continuous lubrication
Concept three
It has; nut, cup, spindle, bevel gears, bearing with its housing and circular bottom
support. The wear in this design is minimized due to decreasing of contact area
between the nut (or in case of #2 the bed) and the gear.
Figure 3:conceptual design 3
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Advantage
 Easy to use
 Easy to manufacture
 Low wear
Disadvantage
 Need complex analysis in the designation
 High mass or load
3.6 Concept Evaluation
To help make resolution for the final concept the table below weights the attribute
of each design. The designs are ranked according to their performance, the good
performance get 3 and the bad performance get 1. the design will be assigned
values based on their cost, safety, weight and storage. The value of safety will be
ranked higher than the other because of its importance as design goal.
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Table 3:is a table weighting the attribute of each concept to aid in the deciding a final concept.
Attribute weight Concept #1 Concept #2 Concept #3
S U S U S U
Cost 20% 1 0.2 1 0.2 2 0.4
Safety 50% 3 1.5 2 1 3 1.5
Weight 20% 2 0.4 1 0.2 2 0.4
Time 10% 1 0.1 1 0.1 2 0.2

require
Total 100% 2.2 1.5 2.5
Concept #1 is good safety but need high cost in production and need plenty of time to
use and manufacture.
Concept #2 has low safety high production cost and time required to use is also high.
Concept #3 has good safety, moderate production cost and time required to use and
manufacture.
3.7 Selection Solution Concept
Concept #3 scored good in the evaluation of alternative designs because of it high

safety and moderate cost, this two is the most important and good character of
products. I have also decided to add support that can be connected to the bottom, so
to keep the bed deflecting.
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Chapter Four
4 Embodiment Design
The embodiment design phase is essentially about understanding the separate

function the product must perform, followed by identifying the assemblies or
modules necessary to perform those functions.
During the embodiment stage (sometimes referred to as preliminary design), the

agreed product concept is further developed, with greater consideration about the
function, position and geometry of the assemblies/modules. In addition, thought is
given to interaction between modules, together with how they are integrated in to
the product as a whole. For many design engineering organization, embodiment
design involves analysis and modelling, to demonstrate if the arrangement the
product assemblies will work [8].
Embodiment design is all about applying more detail to the concept, further
developing it and starting to the think about more specific engineering
considerations. These include solutions to specific functional problems, as well as
manufacturing considerations. Depending on the size and complexity of the product,
some businesses amalgamate embodiment design, either into concept design or
(more typically) the following stage, detailed design. However, running this stage
separately clarifies thinking, enables more modular design (and therefore flexibility)
and as a result reduces the risk of design changes and errors later on [8].
4.1 Establishing Product Architecture
Cup spindle nut
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Bevel gear 1 bevel gear 2 lever
Frame bearing and bolt
Figure 4:establishment of product architecture
4.2 Form Design
4.2.1 Layout of Screw Jack
Screw jack have five major components there are:
1.Frame
2.Spindle
3.Nut
4.Cup
5.Driving system (gears handle bar) in case of this design (gears)
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Frame: is the bottom part that support all component of screw jack and use as a sand
for the machine.
Spindle: is a threaded shaft that can rise the load by rotating.
Nut: is also a threaded part of the machine that mounted on the frame and, where the
spindle shaft rotates.
Cup: is at the top of the machine that can hold the load or where the load is sit.
Driving system: two bevel gear is used in the driving system, one is connected with
lever and used as a driver for the second gear.
4.3 Material Selection
Selection of Material for the screw and nut is of great importance. There are common
materials used in the design of screw jacks like steel for the screw and cast iron,
bronze or plastic for the nuts. Mild steel or hard steel is considered for different screw
designs. In order to prevent friction, cast iron or bronze is preferred for the design of
the nut. Cup and frame are made of Grey cast iron which is cheap and has good
machinability [13].
Material is selected as following:
a. Screw spindle:
Plane carbon steel (30C8 – IS: 1570-1978) is selected because screw is always
under Torsional, bending and axial load. Carbon steel is chosen due to the strength
issues. This steel is also used for the handle of the screw jack(the lever).
(σ yield = 400 MPa, τ =240 MPa, E=207GPa)
b. Nut:
In order to reduce the friction resistance between the screw and nut a softer
material is selected for the nut. Phosphor Bronze (Grade 1-IS: 28-1975) is a proper
material for nut construction because it acts very well against wear resistance and
reduces torque to overcome friction. (σ ultimate = 190 MPa, σ yield (tension) =100 MPa,
σ yield (compression) = 90 MPa, τ =80MPa )
c. Screw Jack lever:
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Plane carbon steel (30C8 – IS: 1570-1978) is selected for the handle of the jack
because of the high strength it offers. (σ yield = 400 MPa, τ =240 MPa, E=207GPa)
d. Frame: Grey cast iron is used which is cheap and has good machinability.
Factor of safety for the assembly is taken 5 due to the nature of the design. Actually the
factor of safety is taken 1.5 to 2 in static loading of ductile material. A higher factor of
safety is considered due to the consequences of the failure. [13]
Selection of Material for the screw and nut is of great importance. There are common
materials used in the design of screw jacks like steel for the screw and cast iron,
bronze or plastic for the nuts. Mild steel or hard steel is considered for different screw
designs. In order to prevent friction, cast iron or bronze is preferred for the design of
the nut. Cup and frame are made of Grey cast iron which is cheap and has good
machinability [13].
Average coefficient of friction between the material soft steel and cast iron is taken
0.10 when it is lubricated. But for this specific design, it is taken 0.18 assuming it dry
for safe operations. [2]
Limiting values for bearing pressure between steel and cast iron is taken 15.0 MPa.
[2]
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Component Material Property justification
Screw spindle (30C8-IS: (σ yield = 400 . Carbon steel is

1570-1978 MPa, τ =240 chosen due to
Bolt MPa, the strength
E=207GPa) issues
Gears
Handle
Nut Phosphor (σ ultimate = 190 it acts very well

Bronze (Grade MPa, σ yield against wear
1-IS: 28-1975 (tension) =100 resistance and
MPa, σ yield reduces torque
(compression) = 90 to overcome
MPa, τ=80MPa ) friction
Crank lever Plane carbon (σ yield = 400 Carbon steel is

steel (30C8 – IS: MPa, τ =240 chosen due to
1570-1978) MPa, the strength
E=207GPa) issues.
Frame Grey cast iron - Grey cast iron is

used which is
cheap and has
good
machinability
Page 20
CHAPTER FIVE
5 Detail design and analysis
5.1 Detail design
The design is performed in five steeps; steep one screw spindle, steep two nut, nut
collar and head or cup, steep three gears, steep four bearing, steep five body or
frame.
Steep one: screw spindle

Design of screw spindle considering screw spindle under compression the resisting
𝜋
area is equal to 𝐴 = 4 𝑑𝑐 2
The compressive strength of the screw spindle is equal to

𝜋
𝑊 = 4 𝑑𝑐 2 × 𝜎𝑐 …………………………….[1]
4𝑊
Where the internal diameter is calculated; 𝑑𝑐 = √ 𝜎𝑐 2
𝜋( )
𝐹𝑠
4(343350)
𝑑𝑐 = √ 400×106 = 76mm
𝜋( )2
5
 dc=76mm
 do= 88
 d mean= 82 pitch of the thread p=12mm
A little consideration will show that if one complete turn of a screw thread be
imagined to be unwound, from the body of the screw and developed, it will form an
inclined plane as shown in figure below[2]
Figure 5.1 (development of screw and force acting on the screw)
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Let p = Pitch of the screw,

d = Mean diameter of the screw,
α = Helix angle,
P = Effort applied at the circumference of the screw to lift the load,

W = Load to be lifted, and
μ = Coefficient of friction, between the screw and nut
= tan φ, where φ is the friction angle
𝑝
The helix angle 𝛼 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 [ ⁄𝜋𝑑
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 ]
𝛼 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (0.04581)
𝛼 = 2.667°
𝜇 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜑
The friction angle 𝜑 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝜇)
𝜇 = 0.18
𝜑 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (0.18)
𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝜑 = 10.203°
Torque required to rotate the screw
𝑊 × 𝑑𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛
𝑇= × tan(𝛼 + 𝜑)
2
343350𝑁∗0.082𝑚
𝑇= ∗ tan(2.667 + 10.203)
2
T=3216.38Nm
Steep two; Nut, nut collar and head

Design of nut considering bearing failure of nut the resisting area is equal to
𝜋
𝐴 = 4 (𝑑𝑜2 − 𝑑𝑐 2 )
Bearing strength of nut 𝑊 = 𝐴 ∗ 𝑃𝑏 where Pb is bearing pressure =15.05 Mpa

between steel and cast iron [2]
𝑃𝑏= 4∗𝑊 where n is number of threads in contact

𝜋(𝑑𝑜2 −𝑑𝑐2 )∗𝑛
4 ∗ 343350
15.05𝑀𝑝𝑎 =
𝜋(0.0882 − 0.0762 ) ∗ 𝑛
n= 14.75, to the nearest standard n=16 threads
Page 22
height of the nut 𝐻 = 𝑛 ∗ 𝑝
𝐻 = 12 ∗ 16,
= 192𝑚𝑚
Outer diameter of nut designed by considering taring stress which equals to

allowable tensile stress
𝜎𝑡 = 𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑡 = 𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠
𝜎𝑡 = 100𝑀𝑝𝑎 ,
𝜎𝑡 100
𝜎𝑡 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = = 𝑀𝑝𝑎 = 20𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐹𝑆 5
4∗𝑊
𝜎𝑡 =
𝜋[(𝐷1 )2 − (𝑑𝑜 )2 ]
4 ∗ 343350𝑁
20 ∗ 106 𝑃𝑎 =
𝜋[(𝐷1 )2 − (0.088)2 ]
𝐷1 = 172𝑚𝑚
Diameter of nut collar, outside diameter D2 found by the crushing strength of the
nut material which is also equal to the allowable compressive stress of the material.
𝜎𝑐 = 𝑐𝑟𝑢𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑢𝑡 = 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
𝜎𝑐 90
𝜎𝑐 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = = = 18𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐹𝑆 5
4∗𝑊
𝜎𝑐 =
𝜋[(𝐷2 )2 − (𝐷1 )2 ]
4 ∗ 343350𝑁
18 ∗ 106 𝑃𝑎 =
𝜋[(𝐷1 )2 − (0.172)2 ]
𝐷2 = 232𝑚𝑚
Thickness of the nut collar; found by considering the allowable sheering stress of
𝜏 80
the nut collar. 𝜏𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑀𝑝𝑎 = 16𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝐹𝑆 5
𝑊 = 𝜋 ∗ 𝐷1 ∗ 𝜏 ∗ 𝑡1
𝑊 343350
𝑡1 = = = 39.79 ≅ 40
𝜋 ∗ 𝐷1 ∗ 𝜏 𝜋 ∗ 172 ∗ 16
Diameter of head; at the top of the screw head 𝐷3 = 1.75 ∗ 𝑑𝑜
𝐷3 = 1.75 ∗ 88𝑚𝑚 = 149.67 ≅ 150
Page 23
𝐷3 150
Diameter of pin fit the cup; 𝐷4 = = = 37.78 ≅ 38
4 4
Other diameter for the cup may taken
Height of the cup Hc=40mm
Thickness of the cup Tc=15mm
Fillet radius of cup rf =8mm
Length of pin Lp=10mm
Steep three; Gears bearing and bolts
An average person can rotate a lever about 50rpm. The rotation on the lever
transferred to the pinion without change. The velocity ratio taken is 2, so the rotation
of the gear is about 25rpm.
The power needed to lift the weight is calculated by rotation of the pinion, which is
equal to the rotation of the crank lever rotated manually.
2𝜋𝑁𝑇
𝑃=
60
T; torque required to lift the weight and calculated in 1 steep
2𝜋 ∗ 50 ∗ 3216.28
𝑃=
60
𝑃 = 16840.402𝑊
= 16.840𝐾𝑊
the pitch diameter of the gear has taken 344mm which is equal to the diameter of the
body D5 with 2mm clearance. The pitch diameter of the pinion is half of the diameter
of the gear because the velocity ratio is 2:1.
𝐷𝐺 344
𝑉𝑅 = =2=
𝐷𝑃 𝐷𝑃
DP = 0.5*344 = 172
From figure () we find
𝜃𝑠 = 𝜃𝑝1 + 𝜃𝑝2 , 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑝2 = sin 𝜃𝑠 ∗ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑝1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑠 ∗ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑝1 … … … … … … … … … (∗)
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑝2 = 𝑉𝑅 ∗ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑝1 … … … … … … … … … … … … . . (∗∗)
From equation (*) (**)
V.R. × sin θP1 = sin θS * cos θP1 – cos θS *sin θP1
Page 24
Figure 5.2:(Terms used in Bevel Gears)
Dividing throughout by cos θP1 we get
𝑠𝑖𝑛90
𝜃𝑝1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
2 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠90
= 26.5630°
𝑠𝑖𝑛90
𝜃𝑝2 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (0.5+𝑐𝑜𝑠90) = 63.4349°
To find number of teeth of pinion and gear;
Page 25
Let 𝑚 = 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑚
We know formative number of teeth for pinion
172 1044
𝑇𝐸𝑃 = 𝑇𝑃 ∗ 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃𝑝1 = ∗ 𝑠𝑒𝑐26.538 = … … … … … … … … … … … ()
𝑚 𝑚
and formative number of teeth for gear
419
𝑇𝐸𝐺 = 𝑇𝐺 ∗ 𝑠𝑒𝑐63.439 = … … … … … … … … … … … .. ()
𝑚
Since both the gears are made of the same material, therefore pinion is the weaker.
Thus the design should be based upon the pinion.
We know that tooth form factor for the pinion having 14 1/2º composite teeth,
0.684 0.684 ∗ 𝑚
𝑦′𝑝 = 0.124 − = 0.124 −
𝑇𝐸𝑃 1044
𝑦′𝑝 = 0.124 − 0.000655𝑚
The pitch line velocity
𝜋𝐷𝑝 ∗ 𝑁𝑝 𝜋 ∗ 0.172 ∗ 50
𝑣= = = 0.4502𝑚/𝑠
60 60
The velocity factor taken,
6 6
𝐶𝑉 = = = 0.9302
6 + 𝑉 6 + 0.45502
Length of the pitch cone
𝐷𝐺 2 𝐷𝑃2 3442 1722

𝐿 = √( )+( ) = √( )+( ) = 192.3𝑚𝑚
2 2 2 2
Assuming the face width (b) as 1/3rd of the slant height of the pitch cone (L),
therefore;
1 1
𝑏= 𝐿 = ∗ 192.3𝑚𝑚 = 64𝑚𝑚
3 3
Page 26
We know that torque on the pinion,

𝑃 ∗ 60 16840𝑊 ∗ 60
𝑇= = = 3216.2𝑁𝑚
2𝜋 ∗ 𝑁𝑃 2𝜋 ∗ 50
Tangential load on the pinion,

𝑇 3216.2
𝑊𝑇 = = = 37397.71
𝐷𝑃∗2 0.172 ∗ 2
We also know that tangential load on the pinion,

𝐿−𝑏
𝑊𝑇 = (𝜎𝑂𝑃 ∗ 𝐶𝑉 )𝑏 ∗ 𝜋𝑚𝑦′𝑝 ( )
𝐿
379397.71 = (80 ∗ 0.963)64 ∗ 𝜋𝑚((0.124 − 0.000653)0.6671)
37397.71 = 15488𝑚(0.124 − 0.0004356)
37397.71 = 1920.51𝑚 − 6.74𝑚2
Module
𝑚 = 18
𝐷𝑃 172
𝑇𝑃 = = = 10𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑡ℎ
𝑚 18
𝐷𝐺 344
𝑇𝐺 = = = 20𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑡ℎ
𝑚 18
Design of lever
The lever used is a cranked lever. The maximum force in order to operate the lever
may be taken as 400 N and the length of handle as 300 mm. The diameter of the
handle (d) is obtained from bending considerations. It is assumed that the effort (P)
applied on the handle acts at 2/3rd of its length (l).
2𝑙
𝑀=𝑃∗
3
2 ∗ 250
= 400 ∗
3
𝑀 = 6666𝑁𝑚
Page 27
and section modules

𝜋
𝑍= ∗ 𝑑3 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . . ( )
32
Resisting moment
𝜋
= 𝜎𝑏 ∗ 𝑍 = 𝜎𝑏 ∗ ∗ 𝑑3
32
𝜎𝑏 = 𝑖𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟
Equating resisting moment to the maximum bending moment, we have
𝜋 2𝑙
𝜎𝑏 ∗ ∗ 𝑑3 = 𝑃 ∗
32 3
From this expression, the diameter of the handle (d) may be evaluated. The diameter
of the handle is usually proportioned as 50mm for rotating high loads.
Figure 5:Cranked lever
2𝑙
The arm is subjected to constant twisting moment,𝑇 = 𝑃 ∗ and a varying
3
bending moment which is maximum near the boss. It is assumed that the arm of
the lever extends up-to the center of shaft, which results in a slightly stronger
lever. The diameter of the journal D is equal to the diameter of the shaft extended
from the hub of the pinion gear.
𝐷 = 100𝑚𝑚
Page 28
We shall design the lever arm for 25% more bending moment.
∴ Maximum bending moment
M = 1.25 P × L
t = Thickness of the lever arm, and
Let
B = Width of the lever arm near the boss.
∴ Section modulus for the lever arm,
1
𝑍= ∗ 𝑡 ∗ 𝐵2
6
Now by using the relation, σb = M / Z, we can find t and B. The width of the lever arm
near the boss is taken as twice the thickness i.e. B = 2 t.
𝑀
𝜎𝑏 ==
𝑍
6666.6
80𝑀𝑝𝑎 =
𝑍
6666.66
𝑍=
80𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝑍 = 80 ∗ 10−5
1 1
𝑍= ∗ 𝑡 ∗ 𝐵 2 80 ∗ 10−6 = ∗ 𝑡 3
6 6
3 3 ∗ 80 ∗ 10−6
𝑡=√
2
𝑡 = 0.499𝑚 ≅ 50𝑚𝑚
𝐵 = 2𝑡 = 2 ∗ 50𝑚𝑚 = 100𝑚𝑚
Bearing design
The bearing designed for this purpose is hydrodynamic sliding contact bearing, first
find the length of diameter of the journal taken d = 100
𝑙 = 1.6𝑑 = 1.6 ∗ 100
𝑊 343350
𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑝𝑏 = = = 2.145
𝑙𝑑 160 ∗ 100
From Table 26.3. Design values for journal bearings. [2]
Since the bearing pressure <Pb of the crank pin machine
The Sommerfeld number is also a dimensionless parameter used extensively in the

design of journal bearings. Mathematically,
Page 29
𝑍𝑁 1 ∗ 25
= = = 11.65
𝑃 2.145
𝒁𝑵
= 𝟐𝟖
𝑷
𝒁𝑵
𝟑𝑲 = = 𝟗. 𝟑𝟑 < 𝟏𝟏. 𝟔𝟓
𝑷
Since 11.65<9.33 it will operate under hydrodynamic condition.
Design of bearing cup and bolt
Cups generally regarded as simply supported beam by holding down bolts and
loaded at the center as shown in figure below;
Figure 6: cup for holding bearing
Design consideration in cup design
Length of bearing 160mm, holding bolts 4, shaft diameter 100mm, load on the cup
343350N center line distance is 180mm, material used is similar to cast iron 15Mpa
for bearing cast iron 35Mpa for bolt.
Thickness of bearing cup
3𝑊 ∗ 𝑎 3 ∗ 34335.0 ∗ 180
𝑡=√ =√ = 22.6
2𝜎𝑏 𝑙 2 ∗ 15 ∗ 120
𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑡 𝑑𝑐 = 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑡
𝜋 4 𝑊
(𝑑𝑐 )2 𝜎𝑡 = ∗
4 3 𝑛
4 ∗ 4 ∗ 343350
𝑑𝑐 = √ = 64.52𝑚𝑚
𝜋 ∗ 3 ∗ 4 ∗ 35
Page 30
Design of body or frame
Figure 7:body of the screw jack
𝐷5 = 1.5𝐷2 = 1.5 ∗ 232𝑚𝑚 = 348𝑚𝑚
𝐷6 = 0.25𝐷0 = 2.25 ∗ 232𝑚𝑚 = 522𝑚𝑚
t 3 = 0.25do = 0.25 ∗ 88mm = 22mm
D6 = 1.75 ∗ D6 = 1.75 ∗ 522mm = 913. mm
t 2 = 2t1 = 2 ∗ 40mm = 80mm
Height of the body = max lift + height of nut +100mm extra
HB = 500mm + 192mm + 100mm = 792mm
5.2Analysis
5.2.1Numerical Analysis
Checking for stress on screw spindle
W 343350
σc = π 2 =π = 65.015Mpa
d ∗0.00822
4 c 4
T 3216.38N/m
τ= π = π = 29.7Mpa
d 2 ∗0.0822
16 c 16
Principal stress
Page 31
Considering maximum normal stress theory

σc 1
σmax = + √σ 2 +τ2
2 2 c
65.015 1
= + √65.0152 + 29.752
2 2
= 75.44Mpa
Considering maximum shear stress theory

1
τmax = √σc 2 + τ2
2
1
= √65.0152 + 29.752
2
= 42.935Mpa
Criteria for safe design against principal stress
τallowable > τmax
σallowable > σmax
were satisfied.
Checking stress for nut
W
σcrushing = π 2 2
4 (do + dc )
343350
=π
∗ (0.0882 + 0.0762 )
4
= 13.89Mpa
13.89 is less than compressive strength of a nut material.
Buckling of the screw

Buckling is studied when the load is compressive and the unsupported length
between the screw and the nut is long. When it is short, then it is assumed a column
Page 32
and buckling issue doesn’t rise. If the critical load is more than the load we have
then our design is safe and there is no chance of buckling.
𝜎𝑦 𝐿𝑒 2
𝑊𝑐𝑟 = 𝐴𝑐 𝜎𝑦 [1 − ( ) ]
4𝑐𝜋 2 𝐸 𝑘
Ac= Cross-sectional area of the screw core

𝜎𝑦 =Yield strength of the screw material
L= effective length of the screw (L = screw lift height + ½(height of nut))
C= end fixity coefficient, in case of one end fix and one end free its value is 0.25
k=least radius of gyration, it is usually taken 0.25dc
𝜋 𝜋
𝐴𝑐 = (𝑑𝑐 2 ) = (0.076𝑚2 ) = 0.0045𝑚2
4 4
𝐿 = 𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑤𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑡 + 0.5ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑢𝑡 = 0.5 + (0.5 ∗ 0.192) =0.596m
𝑘 = 0.25𝑑𝑐 = 0.25 ∗ 0.076 = 0.019𝑚
400 ∗ 106 0.596 2

𝑊𝑐𝑟 = 0.045 ∗ 400 ∗ 106 [1 − 2 9
( ) ]
4 ∗ 0.25𝜋 ∗ 207 ∗ 10 0.019
𝑊𝑐𝑟 = 14532.2𝐾𝑁
 There is no chance of buckling because the critical load is much greater than
the design load which is 343.55kN
Page 33
5.2.2Finite element method analysis
In the finite element analysis, two critical load carrying members is analyzed.
Screw spindle and cup of the jack is the critical parts analyzed.
Cup FEM analysis
Page 34
Figure 8:load applied direction or boundary conditions
Figure 9:On deformed mesh ---- On boundary ---- Over all the model
Static Case Solution.1 - Von Mises stress (nodal values).2
Page 35
Figure 10:3D elements: : Components: : All

Static Case Solution.1 - Deformed mesh.1
Figure 11: the total deformation of cup
Page 36
Figure 5.10
Page 37
Screw spindle FEM analysis
figure 5.11
Page 38
STRUCTURE Computation
6299
Number of nodes
6
Number of elements :
3659
Number of D.O.F. :
7
Number of Contact :
1889
relations :
88
Number of Kinematic :
0
relations
0
Parabolic tetrahedron : 36597
RESTRAINT Computation
Name: Restraints.1
Number of S.P.C : 1281
LOAD Computation
Name: Loads.1
Applied load resultant :
Fx = -5 . 842e-007 N
Fy = -4 . 251e-007 N
Fz = -3 . 434e+005 N
M Nx
= -2 . 762e+003
x m
M Nx
= 1 . 472e+003
y m
M Nx
= -2 . 126e-008
z m
STIFFNESS Computation
Number of lines : 188988

Number of coefficients : 7129893
Number of blocks : 15
Maximum number of
: 499995
coefficients per bloc
.
Total matrix size : 82
32 Mb
SINGULARITY Computation
Restraint: Restraints.1
Number of local singularities : 0
Number of singularities in : 0
translation : 0
Page 39
Number of singularities in : MP
rotation C
Generated constraint type
CONSTRAINT Computation
Restraint: Restraints.1
Number of constraints 128

Number of factorized : 0
constraints : 128
Number of deferred : 0
constraints 0
FACTORIZED Computation
Method
: SPA 18770
Number of factorized
: RSE 7
degrees
Page 40
Direct method computation
Page 41

Static Case Solution.1 - Deformed mesh.1

Static Case Solution.1 - Stress principal tensor symbol.1
Page 42
Page 43
Chapter six
6 Results and discussions
6.1 Results
Result Discussion
Stress on the screw spindle The design is safe
𝜎𝑡 = 4260𝑀𝑃𝑎
Fs=5
Stress on cup
𝜎𝑐 = 43400𝑀𝑃𝑎
Fs=3
The design is safe
Shear Stress between nut and body The design is safe
𝜏𝑟 = 53𝑀𝑃𝑎
Fs=5
Stress on body The design is safe
𝜎𝑦 = 145.32𝑀𝑃𝑎
Fs=6
Page 44
Stress on bevel gear The design is safe
𝜎𝑤 = 300.2𝑀𝑃𝐴
𝜎𝑎𝑙𝑙 = 80𝑀𝑃𝑎
Fs=5
Page 45
Chapter seven
7.Conclusion and recommendation
7.1 Conclusion
In this project paper a screw jack was designed and analyzed, based on the given
input design parameters. Thread changed from square thread, that used before for
power screws, to ACME ISO thread the load carrying capacity. In screw jack the
cup and the screw spindle are the most significant components. As the power screw
is designed based on the maximum tensile stress and minimum shear stress, for the
maximum load it is very necessary to keep both the value within limits for safe
design. The proposed jack has the reduced weight by selecting the appropriate
material for design parts. Designing this new screw jack have many parts added to
it and make the assembly drawing a little complex, but the mechanical advantage
and easy operating systems were provided.
7.2 Recommendation
In designing a machine or a machine component the software analysis plays a big

role in the design safety. In this paper the analysis is not good enough to
manufacture and use in real world applications. The software analysis has to
perform with good capacity software and skilled person to manufacture and use the
product designed. When designing the system, the designer should make sure the
material is cost effective, and durable. In the meantime, it should also be available
in the market. For the design of screw jacks, a higher factor of safety is
recommended due to the nature of the application. Dimensions should be realistic
The system should be tested fist for strength, and then sent for manufacturing.
Page 46
Chapter Eight
8 Reference
8.1 References
1.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322861067 Modified Screw Jack for

Lifting Operation in Industrial Setting Article · December 2017 DOI:
10.18052/www.scipress.com/IJET.13.39
2. [A Textbook for the Students of B.E. / B.Tech., U.P.S.C. (Engg. Services);

Section ‘B’ of A.M.I.E. (I)]
3. Budynas, Richard G. (Richard Gordon) Shigley’s mechanical engineering

design / Richard G. Budynas, J. Keith Nisbett. —9th ed. p. cm. — (McGraw-Hill
series in mechanical engineering)
4. MACHINE DESIGN DATA BOOK V B Bhandari 2014 by McGraw Hill

Education (India) Private Limited
5. https://en.m.wikipidia.ord/wiki/jackscrew
6. https://www.powerjacks.com/about-us/how-a-screw-jack-works
7. https://www.slideshare.net/EbrahimAyelegn/screw-jack-project1
8.
www.advice-manufacturing.com/Product-Development-Embodiment-Design.htm
l#
9. https://www.kelstonactuation.com/knowledge/screw-jack-working-principles
10. https://en.m.wikipidia.org/wiki/File:House-Jack-2.5-tons.jpg
11. Review of the risks associated with pushing and pul1ing heavy loads J.J.
Ferreira, M.G. Boocock and M.I. Gray
Page 47
12. MACHINE DRAWWING THIRD EDITION Dr. K.L. Narayana,

Dr.P.Kannaiah, K. Venkata Reddy
13. SCREW DESIGN Researcher/Designer Ahmad Murtaza Ershad (8173)
Page 48
Chapter Nine
9 Appendix
Part drawings
Figure 9.1 screw spindle
Figure 9.2 Nut
Figure 9.3 head(cup)
Page 49
Figure 9.4 body of screw jack
Figure 9.5 crank
Figure 9.6 handle and handle cover
Figure 9.7 pin
Page 50
Figure 9.10 bearing
Figure Assembly drawing
figure bevel gear
Page 51
Figure complete assembly drawing with material applied
Page 52
Page 53
Page 54
Page 55
Page 56

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WOLKITE UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering of Technology

Title: Design and Analysis of Screw Jack Using FEM

Submission Date :13/07/2013

Title: Design and Analysis of Screw Jack Using FEM

Submission Date :13/07/2013

CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................... 6

2. LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................................................................. 6

CHAPTER THREE ............................................................................................................................ 8

3.CONCEPTUAL DESIGN ............................................................................................................................. 8

CHAPTER FOUR ............................................................................................................................ 16

4 EMBODIMENT DESIGN .......................................................................................................................... 16

CHAPTER FIVE .............................................................................................................................. 21

5 DETAIL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS................................................................................................................. 21

6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS .................................................................................................................... 44

CHAPTER SEVEN .......................................................................................................................... 46

7.CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION..................................................................................................... 46

CHAPTER EIGHT ........................................................................................................................... 47

CHAPTER NINE ............................................................................................................................. 49

Figure 1:(conceptual design 1)................................................................................. 12

Figure 2:concept two................................................................................................ 13

Figure 3:conceptual design 3 ................................................................................... 13

Figure 4:establishment of product architecture........................................................ 17

Figure 5.2Figure 5: (Terms used in Bevel Gears).................................................... 25

Figure 6:Cranked lever ............................................................................................ 28

Figure 7: cup for holding bearing ............................................................................ 30

Figure 8:body of the screw jack ............................................................................... 31

Figure 9:load applied direction or boundary conditions .......................................... 35

Figure 11:3D elements: : Components: : All Static Case Solution.1 - Deformed

Figure 12: the total deformation of cup ................................................................... 36

Figure 13:3D elements: : Components: : All Static Case Solution.1 - Deformed

Figure 14:3D elements: : Components: : All Static Case Solution.1 - Stress

Table 1: product design specification ........................................................................ 8

Table 2 Part conceptual and alternative design path ................................................ 11

1.1 Back ground of the project

Today manufacturing companies enters to manufacture lifting jacks, that can be

1.1.1 Applications of screw jacks

1.1.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of screw jacks

 They have large load carrying capacity

 They are self-locking

 They are simple to design and analyze

1.1.4 Components of screw jack

There are seven components in screw jack

ii. Screw (spindle of the jack)

iii. Nut and collar of the nut

iv. Handel (Tommy bar)

vi. Set screw

1.2 Problem statement

1.3 Objective of the project

1.3.1 General objective

1.3.2 Specific objectives

 Preparing conceptual design

1.4 Scope of the project

1.5 Methods of The Report

Data collection and evaluation

Strength analysis using ANSYS

2.1.1 Presentation of literature review of the previous research work

3.1 Production design specification

Product design specifications

Table 1: product design specification

Load to be lifted 35ton

Minimum height of jack 150mm

Maximum lifting of the 500mm

3.2 Functional Requirement