CUBES AND CUBE ROOT

Cubes and Cube Root of Class 8

CUBE NUMBER:
A cube number (or a cube) is a number you can write as a product of three equal
factors of natural numbers. Formula: k=a×a×a=a³ (k and a stand for integers.)

Cube number results by multiplying an integer by itself three times.

Formula: a×a×a=a³=k (a and k stand for integers.)

HOW TO CUBE A NUMBER:

To cube a number, just use it in a multiplication 3 times ...

question 1. What is 3 Cubed?

Solution: 3 Cubed = 3 × 3 × 3 = 27

Cubes and Cube Root

Note: we write down "3 Cubed" as 33 (the little "3" means the number appears three
times in multiplying)

Some More Cubes:

4 cubed

43

4 × 4 × 4

64

5 cubed

53

5 × 5 × 5

125

6 cubed

63

6 × 6 × 6
=

216

PROPERTIES OF CUBE OF A NUMBER:

The cube of every even number is even.
The cube of every odd number is odd.
Cubes of Negative Integers
The Cube of a negative integer is always negative.

Example:

Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root etc.

Cube of a Rational Number

We have,Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

Hence,Cubes and Cube Root

For example:

Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root
CUBE ROOT:
The cube roots of a number x are the numbers y which satisfy the equation

y3 = x

A cube root of a number, denotedCubes and Cube Root or x1/3, is a number a such
that a3 = x. All real numbers (except zero) have exactly one real cube root and a
pair of roots.

For example, the real cube root of 8 is 2, because 23 = 8.

A cube root goes the other direction:

3 cubed is 27, so the cube root of 27 is 3

cube root direction

27

The cube root of a number is ...... the special value that when cubed gives the
original number.

The cube root of 27 is 3, because when 3 is cubed you get 27.

question 1. What is the Cube root of 125?

Solution: Well, we just happen to know that 125 = 5 × 5 × 5 (if you use 5 three
times in a multiplication you will get 125) ...

... so the answer is 5

The Cube Root Symbol

Cubes and Cube Root

This is the special symbol that means "cube root", it is the "radical"symbol (used
for square roots) with a little three to mean cube root.

You can use it like this: Cubes and Cube Root (you would say "the cube root of 27
equals 3")

You Can Also Cube Negative Numbers

Have a look at this:

If you cube 5 you get 125: 5 × 5 × 5 = 125

If you cube -5 you get -125: -5 × -5 × -5 = -125

So the cube root of -125 is -5

Perfect Cubes

The Perfect Cubes are the cubes of the whole numbers:

10

11

12

13

14

15
etc

Perfect Cubes:

27

64

125

216

343

512

729

1000

1331

1728

2197

2744

3375

...

PROPERTIES OF CUBE ROOT OF A NUMBER:

Cube Root Of A Negative Perfect Cube

Let a be positive integer. Then, (–a) is a negative integer. We know thatCubes and
Cube Root

∴Cubes and Cube Root

Thus, cube root ofCubes and Cube Root (cube root of a3)

e.g.Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

∴Cubes and Cube Root

question 2. Cube Root Of A Product Of Integers

Solution: We have,Cubes and Cube Root

e.g.Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

= 5 x 4

= 20

question 3. Cube Root of A Rational Number

Solution: We have,Cubes and Cube Root

e.g.Cubes and Cube Root

question 4. The cube root operation is not associative or distributive with

addition or subtraction.

question 5. The cube root operation is associative with exponentiation and

distributive with multiplication and division if considering only real numbers, but
not always if considering complex numbers, for example:

Cubes and Cube Root

Properties of perfect cubes and cube roots:

question 6. The relationship between unit’s digit of cube and its cube root is as
follows:

Unit’s digits of cube

0,1,4,5,6,9

Unit’s digit of cube root

Same as that of unit’s digits of cube

HOW TO FIND CUBE OF A GIVEN NUMBER:

Short-cut method for finding the cube of a two digit number:
We have,Cubes and Cube Root

For finding the cube of a two-digit number with the tens digit = a and the unit s
digit = b, we made four columns, headed byCubes and Cube Root andCubes and Cube
Root

Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

question 1. Find the cubes of 35 by the short-cut method.

Solution: Here a = 3 and b = 5

Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

Cubes and Cube Root

∴Cubes and Cube Root

question 2. Find the smallest whole number by which each of the following numbers
must be divided to obtain a perfect cube:

(a) 81 (b) 128 (c) 135 (d) 192 (e) 704

Solution:(a) 81 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3

The prime factor 3 does not appear in a group of three. So if we divide 81 by 3,

then the prime factorisation of the quotient will not contain 3.

81 ÷ 3 = 3 × 3 × 3

Hence the smallest whole number by which 81 should be divided to make it perfect
cube is 3.

(b) 128 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2

The prime factor 2 does not appear in a group of three. So if we divide 128 by 2,
then the prime factorisation of the quotient will not contain 2.

128 ÷ 2 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2

Hence the smallest whole number by which 128 should be divided to make it perfect
cube is 2.

(c) 135 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 5

In the factorization 5 appears only one time. So if we divide 135 by 5, then the
prime factorization of the quotient will not contain 5.

135 ÷ 5 = 3 × 3 × 3
Hence the smallest whole number by which 135 should be divided to make it perfect
cube is 5.

(d) 192 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3

In the factorization 3 appears only one time. So, if we divide 192 by 3, then the
prime factorization of the quotient will not contain 3.

192 ÷ 3 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2

Hence, the smallest whole numbers by which 192 should be divided to make it perfect
cube is 3.

(e) 704 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 11

In the factorization 11 appears only one time. So if we divide 704 by 11, then the
prime factorization of the quotient will not contain 11.

704 ÷ 11 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2

Hence the smallest whole number by which 704 should be divided to make it perfect
cube is 11.

question 4. State true or false.

(a) Cube of any odd number is even

(b) A perfect cube does not end with two zeros

(c) If square of a number ends with 5, then its cube ends with 25.

(d) There is not perfect cube which ends with8.

(e) The cube of a two digit number may be a three digit number.

(f) The cube of a two digit number may have seven or more digits.