0 1 Solid fuels (derived solid fuels)

02/00122 Delayed coking reactor century. A significant shortage of coke production is considered to
Kuznetsov, V.A. et al. Russ. RU 2,120,458 (Cl. ClOB1/04), 20 Ott occur because the majority of existing coke ovens will be worn out or
1998, Appl. 96,117,271, 26 Aug 1996. 351. (In Russian) obsolete. Present,ly, considering the environmental pollution and
Title only translated. improving the work conditions, the development of an innovative
process is strongly required for future.
02/00123 Determination of carbon-hydrogen in coke with
electrolytic- absorption method 02/00129 Honeycomb briquets with funnel-shaped
Lin, C. et al. Huaxue Chuanganqi, 1999, 19, (4) 58-60. (In Chinese) ventilation holes
The determination of C-H in coke with electrolytic-absorption method Wang, M. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu CN
was studied. The optimal electrolytic conditions were decided. The 1,221,782 (Cl. ClOL5/34), 7 Jul 1999, Appl. 98,118,932, 8 Sep 1998. 5.
results were consistent with the standard values. (In Chinese)
The title briquettes are characterized by having funnel-shaped
02/00124 Determination of structural variations for a series ventilation holes with diameter at one end slightly larger than that of
of steam activated anthracites the long cylindrical hole, respectively, to facilitate ventilation between
Maroto-Valer, M. et al. Prepr. Symp. - Am. Chem. SW.. Div. Fuel superposed honeycomb briquettes while deviating from fully-aligned
Chem., 1999, 44, (3), 675-679. condition.
Although significant research has been conducted on the characteriz-
ation of porosity, significantly less attention has been paid to the
02lOO130 Influence of coal blending ratio on the high-
structural variations occurring during the activation process. Accord-
temperature behavior of coke
ingly, this paper presents the structural characterization of a series of
Yang, Z-M., Shui, H-F. Huadong Yejin Xueyuan Xuehao, 2000, 17, (1).
activated carbons using several analytical techniques. For this study, a
27-30. (In Chinese)
Pennsylvania anthracite was steam activated in a vertical tube furnace
The influence of coal blending ratio on the high-temperature behaviour
for different periods of time. Solid yields below 60% enhanced the
of coke has been studied. The results showed that it was important to
formation of mesopores. With increasing activation time, the atomic H/
blend with 10% lean coal to improve the coke quality, using the
C ratios decrease and there is a significant rise in the condensation of
industrial blending ratio of Magang. There were some structural and
the aromatic structures, regardless of the type of porosity developed.
compositional differences between the different coals in the same coal
group, and this would lead to distinct influences on coke quality.
02/00125 Development of high conversion coke
manufacturing technology from coal
Kamijo, T. et al. Sekitan Riyo Gijursu Kaigi Koenshu, 1999, 9, 96-105. 02lOO131 Manufacture of activated carbon
(In Japanese) Ueno, I. ef al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2000 80,372 (Cl. ClOB53/
As part of the SCOPE21 (Super Coke Oven for Productivity and 00), 21 Mar 2000, Appt. 1998/248,792, 2 Sep 1998. 4. (In Japanese)
Environment enhancement toward the 21st century) project, this study The title process comprises carbonization of solid fuels from wastes at
reports on testing results obtained during 1998, of coke quality 500-1000”. The process may use coal or high-carbonaceous wastes.
evaluation experiment, operation of coal pretreatment processes, and
structural optimization of coke ovens.
02/00132 Manufacture of activated coal from fruit pits and
nut shells
02/00126 Experimental investigation of the main Golubev, V.P. ef al. Russ. RU 2,111,923 (Cl. COIB31/08), 27 May
parameters and regimes for briquetting of technogenic 1998, Appl. 97,110,295, 24 Jun 1997. 278-79. (In Russian)
waste fines in roll presses Title only translated.
Noskov, V.A. er al. Metall. Gornorudn. Prom-st., 1999, 6, 104107. (In
Russian)
Experimental briquetting in steel-roll presses was investigated for. (a) 02lOO133 Manufacture of sulfur-fixing and waterproof
mill scale of ~2 mm particle size; (b) coke fines of <5 mm size; and (c) honeycomb-shaped briquets
Fe-containing sludge of cl mm size (59% below 0.08 mm size). The Hao, A. er al. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu CN
waste fines were briquetted at 25-100 MPa using the steel rollers of 20 1,223,294 (Cl. ClOL5/04), 21 Jul 1999, Appl. 97,120,946, 15 Nov 1997.
mm diameter for the target thickness of 15 mm, using conventional 5. (In Chinese)
lignosulphonate at 5-IO%, or lime binder for the sludge at 20%. The The briquette is manufactured from anthracite powder 48-80, silt coal
nominal briquette density was -1.4 g/cm’ for the coke fines, ~2.5 g/cm3 10-40, gangue 10-30, clay 4-20, S-fixing agent 4-15, catalyst 0.1-3,
for the sludge; and -3.5 g/cm3 for the mill scale. The dried strength of combustion improver 0.1-1, and auxiliary agent 0.1-3 wt.%. The S-
briquettes increased with the higher press load, from 22 kN/briquette fixing agent is Ca compound, such as lime, carbide slags, etc. The
after pressing at 25 MPa to nominally 3-6 kN/briquet after pressing at combustion improver is nitrate, MnOz. KMn04, or NaCl. The catalyst
100 MPa. is NazCOs or NaOH. The auxiliary agent is MgO, AlzOs, magnesia
mineral, etc. The molecular ratio of Ca in S-fixing agent to S in coal is
1.5-3.5 : 1.
02lOOl27 Fuel briquets containing coal, powdered
charcoal, and inorganic nitrates
Kim, S. et al. Repub. Korea KR 9,505,691 (Cl. ClOL5/02), 29 May 02/00134 Method for making briquette from mineral powder
1995, Appl. 9,210,331, 15 Jun 1992. (In Korean) and coke powder
A solid fuel is prepared in two parts: (1) an upper portion composed of Ren, Y., Zhang, Q. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu
barium nitrate 12, sodium nitrate 2, mugwort 0.1, and powdered CN 1,213,006 (Cl. C22B1/243), 7 Apr 1999, Appl. 97,118,905, 26 Sep
charcoal 25 wt.%, and (2) a lower portion composed of barium nitrate 1997. 5. (In Chinese)
8, sodium nitrate 1, mugwort 0.1, powdered charcoal 30, and steam coal The method comprises mixing mineral powder 70-85, coke powder lO-
15 wt.%. The solid fuel is prepared by: (1) mixing the lower portion 15, and cement 5-15 part with a small amount of water, cold press
into a mould at low pressure, (2) coating the pressed upper portion on forming at 225 MPa into briquettes (120-240 x 60-120 x 25-60 mm),
the pressed lower portion with a binder (prepared by mixing starch 6.4, and hardening. The mineral powder is Mn ore powder, Fe ore powder,
serpentine 0.3, and mugwort 0.1 wt.% and 30 g water) and heating with or Cr ore powder.
steam, and (3) coating the fuel briquette with a solution of 30-40
nitrocellulose in 60-70% acetone, optionally with an inorganic dye.
02/00135 Method for preparing lignite char
Park, W. et al. Repub. Korea KR 9,508,193 (Cl. BOlJ20/20), 26 Jul
02lOO126 History and future of the Japanese cokemaking 1995, Appl. 9,215,338, 25 Aug 1992. (In Korean)
technology The lignite having a particle size less than 1.41 mm, 1.8% of ash
Nisbioka, K. Nippon Enerugi Gakkaishi, 2000, 79, (4), 285-298. (In contents were thermal decomposed at 500-800” using a fluidization gas
Japanese) containing O-6% of oxygen, O-17.9% of steam and nitrogen gas in a
A review with 32 references of formed coke process, single chamber fluidized reactor to remove SOz and nitrogen oxides. Thus, the lignite
system and SCOPE 21 process. Firstly, the historical relationship was thermally decomposed at 500”, 40 cm/s speed of velocity by a
between the blast furnace and coke, the role of coke in the blast fluidization gas containing 3.2% of oxygen. A volume of adsorption of
furnace and the cokemaking methods are outlined. Secondly the SOz gas and a conversion rate are 1.67 g and 58.5%, respectively.
history of the Japanese cokemaking industry is summarized on the key
technologies and the results of important researches. During the 55
years after the second world war, the Japanese cokemaking technology 02iOO136 Method for separation of benxothiophene and
has been developed to reach a proud level in the world in terms of its naphthalene
capability of using various kinds of poor coking coal and in terms of Senzaki, T. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2000 191,556 (Cl.
energy saving. On the other hand, a serious problem is predicted to CO7C7/13), 1 I Jul 2000, Appl. 1998/369,681, 25 Dee 1998. 4. (In
come to the domestic cokemaking industry in the early years of the 21st Japanese)

14 Fuel and Energy Abstracts January 2002