HISTORY OF NOVEL

PRESENTED BY :
SAKINA QURESHI
DEFINITION OF NOVEL

A novel is a relatively long narrative

fiction which describes intimate
human experiences normally in a
prose form. The present English word
‘novel’ is derived from the Italian
‘novella’, meaning ‘new’. A novel
narrates a story embellishing it with
more details of time, place, nature,
people and their gestures and
activities.
 18TH CENTURY’S GIFT

THE PERIODICAL ESSAY NOVEL

1. Age of intellectual, sentimental and

realistic plane.
2. Helped people to live more purposeful
and virtuous life.
3. Today, most dominant literary genre.
4. Novel makes life easier to understand
than drama and
Poetry.
 FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Greek Romances dating from ____ to ______

century may top the list.
◼ second to sixth

2. Murasaki Shikibu’s ______ has been described as the

world’s first novel.
◼ ‘Tale of Genji’

3. The European novel began with _______by a Spanish

writer Miguel de Cervantes and it published into two
parts.
◼ ‘Don Quixote’

4. After 1740,novel originated as the literary form in

_______.
◼ England
 NOVELLA

◼ The word originated from the Italian

word
‘novelle’.
◼ It is shorter than full length novel
and longer than short stories.
◼ It focuses on one issue or incident
with one or two main characters and
takes place at a single tradition.
 ELEMENTS OF NOVEL
◼ THEME
◼ PLOT

◼ SETTING

◼ CONFLICT

◼ LANGUAGE/STYLE
 THEME
◼ Central Idea
◼ It can be expressed in a nutshell.
◼ It’s a philosophical statement or
truth. Writer puts forth
through

The narration of the Characters acting in the

series of events particular setting
 PLOT
◼ Story or the course of the events.
It’s created by the conflicts

INTERNAL EXTERNAL

Inside the minds of the With other characters or

characters entities

Plots may be

Simple Complex
(One plot) (Interweaving of
many subplots)
 CHARACTERS

MINOR
PROTAGONIST ANTAGONIST
CHARACTERS
MAIN
THE ADVERSARY NOT MUCH
CHARACTER
OF IMPORTANT
THROUGHOU
PROTAGONIST
T THE NOVEL
 SETTING
◼ Setting is the background in which
story takes place.
ASPECTS OF SETTING

PLACE PERIOD TIME CLIMATE WEATHER LIFESTYLE

MAJOR ELEMENTS AFFECTED

PLOT CHARACTER
 CONFLICT

◼ The struggle between the

opposite forces in the story is
called ‘Conflict’.
◼ It provides interest and curiosity
about the plot.
LANGUAGE/STYLE
◼ The language and the techniques
used by the author for the narration
throughout the course of events is
known as the ‘style.
◼ Author may use extensive vocabulary
or he may be laconic.
◼ Linguistic devices also can be used to
make the narrative effective.
◼ It creates impact on readers.
 TYPES OF NOVEL
◼ REALISTIC NOVEL
◼ PICARESQUE NOVEL
◼ HISTORICAL NOVEL
◼ EPISTOLARY NOVEL
◼ GOTHIC NOVEL
◼ AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL NOVEL
◼ ALLEGORICAL NOVEL
◼ UTOPIAN/ DYSTOPIAN NOVEL
◼ PSYCHOLOGICAL NOVEL
◼ STREM OF CONCIOUSNESS NOVEL
◼ ‘BILDUNGSROMAN’ NOVEL
REALISTIC NOVEL
◼ It’s a fiction, gives effect of realism.
◼ It is also called as novel of manner.

◼ Complex characters with mixed

motives.
◼ The characters interact with other
characters.
◼ They undergo plausible and
everyday experiences.
PICARESQUE
NOVEL
◼ Picaresque word generated from
Spanish word ‘picaro’ which means
rogue’
PICARESQUE NOVEL

Narrates the adventures of Episodic FORM

the PROTAGONIST

Eccentric and
Disreputable person
 HISTORICAL NOVEL
A historical novel is a novel
set in a period earlier than
that of the writing.
EPISTOLARY
NOVEL
◼ Epistolary derives from the Latin word
‘epistola’ which means a letter.
Narrative through a series of
correspondence

Letters are the Diary entries are

most common also popular form
basis
 GOTHIC NOVEL
It includes :
◼ TERROR
◼ MYSTERY
◼ HORROR
◼ THRILLER
◼ SUPERNATURAL
◼ DOOM
◼ DEATH
◼ HAUNTED BUILDINGS
AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL NOVEL
Based on the life of the
author

It may or
may not AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL
Author
be in the NOVEL changes
first the names
person of
narration characters
Author avoids and places
certain details of
his life
 ALLEGORICAL NPVEL
◼ It bears more than one level of
meaning.
◼ Surface meaning is different from
symbolic meaning.

PHILOSOPHICAL

POLITICAL SYMBOLIC MEANINING RELIGIOUS

HISTORICAL
UTOPIAN/ DYSTOPIAN
NOVEL

◼ Utopia is an imaginary
community or society
possessing the ideal qualities.
◼ A common literary theme is
science fiction or speculative
fiction.
 PSYCHOLOGICAL NOVEL

◼ It’s work of fiction.

◼ It treats the internal life of
the protagonist or the other
characters as much as the
external factors.
 STREAM OF
CONSCIOUSNESS NOVEL

◼ It means the flow of the

thoughts.
◼ Incidents in the plot are in the
sequence of their occurrences.
◼ The novelists narrate them as
they enter the mind of the
character.
 BILDUNGSROMAN NOVEL

◼ The German word

‘bildungsroman’ indicates
growth.
◼ It’s a fictional biography or
autobiography.
◼ It deals with the growth of
protagonist’s mind, spirit and
character from their childhood to
adulthood.
THANK
YOU