MODULE 1:

FICTION
LET’S LEARN THESE:
a. to know the meaning and the use of fiction,
b. to learn the difference of fiction writing and
non fiction writing,
c. to classify different kinds of fiction,
d. to illustrate the elements of fiction.
WHAT IS A FICTION AND WHAT IS
THE DIFFERENCE OF IT IN NON-
FICTION?
Traditional education tells you that literary
texts are classified under fiction and non-
fiction. Fiction writing, being imaginative
writing, and nonfiction, being writing which
deals with historical facts or empirical
evidence.
WHAT IS A FICTION AND WHAT IS
THE DIFFERENCE OF IT IN NON-
FICTION?
Fiction Writing is the composition of non-
factual prose texts. Fictional writing often is
produced as a story meant to entertain or
convey an author's point of view.
WHAT IS A FICTION AND WHAT IS
THE DIFFERENCE OF IT IN NON-
FICTION?
Non-Fiction Writing is the reverse of
fiction. Non-fiction can't be untrue. These
are book that teach, inform, and explain.
Non-fiction refers to factual stories focused
on actual events and people.
ANYONE WHO IS A
WRITER OF FICTION,
ESPECIALLY A NOVELIST,
CAN BE CALLED
FICTIONIST AND IT CAN
BE YOU BECAUSE YOU
ARE A WRITER!
FICTION GUIDE
FICTION GUIDE

1. Flash Fiction
2. Short Story
3. Novelette
4. Novella
5. Novel
WHAT IS A
FLASH FICTION?
FLASH FICTION
• Flash fiction (also known as short, short stories,
micro fiction, or postcard fiction) are stories that take
pride in their extreme brevity: some works of flash
fiction have only 53 words, while others have 2000
word. It is a literary work of fewer than 2000 word
or around five pages. These works used to be
referred to as "short short stories" until around the
turn of the century (the year 2000), when the term
"flash fiction" became the norm.
FLASH FICTION
FLASH FICTION
1. “Riddle” by Ogbewe Amadin
(1159 words)
2. “Three is a Rational Number”
by Michele Finn Johnson (1057
words)
3. “The Comedian” by Yoko
Morgenstern (994 words)
4. “The Wife on Ambien” by Ed
Park (1027 words)
5. “Last Long Night” by Lina
Rather (992 words)
WHAT IS A
SHORT STORY?
SHORT STORY
• An average short story usually has at least 2,000
words and no more than 7,500. Traditionally, short
stories were meant to be read in a single sitting. A
short story is one of the most common forms of
writing. It is often used to describe a single event, a
single episode, or a tale of one particular character.
SHORT STORY
• A short story does not usually involve major twists
and conflicts, and involvement of various sub-plots
and multiple characters is not common. A short story
is basically fictional prose, written in a narrative
style. However, the narrative style may either be first
person or third, or whichever the author chooses.
 SHORT STORY

SHORT STORY
1. “Ang Kalupi” by Benjamin
Pascual
2. “God Sees the Truth but Waits”
By Leo Tolstoy
3. “The Lottery Ticket” by Anton
Chekhov
4. “The Necklace” by Guy de
Maupassant
5. “Adios, Cordera” by Loepoldo
Alas
WHAT IS A
NOVELETTE?
NOVELETTE
• A novelette is also a narrative fictional prose. Back
in the day, the term "novelette" referred to a story
that was romantic or sentimental in character. To be
honest, in modern times, the term is rarely used, and
novelettes are rarely published singly.
NOVELETTE
• A novelette is longer than a short story, but shorter
than a novella. The word count is usually between
7,500 words to 17,500 words.
 NOVELETTE
1. “The Tell-Tale Heart” by
Edgar Allan Poe (2093 words)
2. “The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll

NOVELETTE
and Mr. Hyde” by Robert Louis
Stevenson (16,740 words)
3. “The Fall of the House of
Usher” by Edgar Allan Poe
(11,165 words)
4. “The Metamorphosis” by Franz
Kafka (16,000 words)
5. “The Little Prince” by Antoine
de Saint-Exupéry (16,534 words)
WHAT IS A
NOVELLA?
NOVELLA
• Novellas were first introduced in the early
Renaissance (1300s), but their genre did not become
firmly established until the late 18th and early 19th
century. A novella is longer than a novelette and is
sometimes called a long short story or a short novel.
Although in the past, novellas were commonly
written and published, these days it is considered to
be an awkward length and it may be more difficult to
get a novella published.
NOVELLA
• It can involve multiple sub-plots, twists, and
characters. Its length constraints mean you'll find
fewer conflicts in a novella than you will in a novel,
but there will also be more nuance and complication
than you'll find in a short story. Novellas are more
often focused on one character's personal and
emotional development rather than with large-scale
issues.
NOVELLA
• In the past, the novella was often written with a
satirical, moral, or educational purpose in mind.
Therefore, it usually depicts the tale or story of a
single character, but as I mentioned, it can involve
multiple characters. Unlike novels, novellas are
usually not divided into chapters, and like short
stories, they are often meant to be read in one sitting.
 NOVELLA
1. "I am Legend" by Richard
Matheson
2. "Heart of Darkness" by Joseph
Conrad
3. "Animal Farm" by George

NOVELLA
Orwell
4. "A Christmas Carol" by
Charles Dickens
5. "The Old Man and The Sea" by
Ernest Hemingway
WHAT IS A
NOVEL?
NOVEL
• The novel is one of the more common works of
fiction that we encounter. A novel often involves
multiple major characters, sub-plots, conflicts, points
of view, and twists. Due to its considerable length, a
novel is meant to be read over a period of days.
NOVEL
• The plot moves forward through many characters,
actions, thoughts, time periods, and situations. The
reader often feels that the story deviates and is
affected by the involvement of different sub-stories
and sub-plots, by the passage of time, or by the
involvement of new important characters– this is
considered the real beauty of a novel.
NOVEL
• The word count of a novel is really debatable. This is
because different genres have different requirements.
However, a novel is usually no shorter than 50,000
words. For modern publication, editors often
consider a novel one which is spread over 80,000 –
120,000 words. Romance novels, however, can be
shorter than that.
NOVEL
• On the other hand, a fantasy, horror, and science
fiction usually see works of greater lengths. The
word count for fantasy novels often touch the
240,000 mark. Some famous books, like the Lord of
the Rings series, are famous for containing so many
words. The Harry Potter series has 1,084,170 words;
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix itself has
257,045 words.
 NOVEL
1. “Noli Me Tángere” and “El
filibusterismo” by Jose Rizal
2. “The Maze Runner” by James
Dashner
3. “The Hunger Games” by
Suzane Collins

NOVEL
4. “All the Bright Places” by
Jeniefer Nieven
5. “The Fault in our Stars” by
John Green
 ELEMENTS OF
After learning all FICTION:

1. Plot
the kinds of fiction, 2. Characters
let’s proceed to its 3. Point of
elements. view
4. Conflict
5. Settings
WHAT IS A
PLOT?
The structure of the story TYPES OF PLOT:
is called plot. It is the 1. Linear Plot
sequence of events in a 2. Nonlinear
story or play. The plot is a Plot
planned, logical series of
events having a
beginning, middle, and
end.
 TYPES OF PLOT:

Linear Plot- the actual 1. Linear Plot

temporal sequence of your 2. Nonlinear
narrative. Plot
 KINDS OF NON-
LINEAR PLOT
1. Medias Res- you start in the
2. Non-Linear Plot- the middle of what happens in your
story.
plot is not in the 2. Foreshadowing- a literary
chronological order. device where a part of the plot is
mentioned at the beginning
of the story as a hint or warning.
3. Flashback or analepsis- narrates
an earlier scene to get your readers
hooked to your story.
 FREYTAG'S
PYRAMID:
Parts of plot is also known 1. Exposition
as Freytag's Pyramid, 2. Rising Action
named after the German
3. Climax
novelist and playwright
Gustav Freytag 4. Falling Action
5. Denouement
 FREYTAG'S
PYRAMID:
Exposition (introduction) 1. Exposition
- Beginning of the story; 2. Rising Action
characters, background,
3. Climax
and setting revealed.
4. Falling Action
5. Denouement
 FREYTAG'S
PYRAMID:
Rising Action - Events in
the story become 1. Exposition
complicated; the conflict 2. Rising Action
is revealed. These are 3. Climax
events between the 4. Falling Action
introduction and climax.
5. Denouement
 FREYTAG'S
PYRAMID:
Climax - Turning point of 1. Exposition
the story. Readers wonder 2. Rising Action
what will happen next;
3. Climax
will the conflict be
resolved or not? 4. Falling Action
5. Denouement
 FREYTAG'S
PYRAMID:
Falling action -
Resolution begins; events 1. Exposition
and complications start to 2. Rising Action
fall into place. These are 3. Climax
the events between climax
4. Falling Action
and denouement.
5. Denouement
 FREYTAG'S
PYRAMID:
Denouement or 1. Exposition
Resolution (Conclusion) - 2. Rising Action
Final outcome of events in
3. Climax
the story.
4. Falling Action
5. Denouement
WHAT IS A
CHARACTER?
The story - the plot itself - will
not progress without the
characters.
Character is a person who takes KINDS OF
CHARCACTER:
part in the action of a short story
or other literary work. Most 1. Protagonist
characters in works of fictions 2. Antagonist
are humans. Sometimes, as in
fables, the animals are
anthropomorphized- they talk
and behave like humans.
 KINDS OF
CHARCACTER:
Protagonist - is the leading
1. Protagonist
character. This character often
takes on the role of the good guy, 2. Antagonist
but this isn’t an essential
attribute of a protagonist.
 KINDS OF
CHARCACTER:
Antagonist - is a person who
1. Protagonist
actively opposes or is hostile to
the protagonist. In many stories 2. Antagonist
the antagonist takes on the form
of the bad guy in a story.
WHAT IS A
CONFLICT?
CONFLICT
Conflict is a struggle between opposing
forces; a clash of actions, ideas, desires,
or values. A conflict may take place
between a character and an outside force
or within the character himself.
 THE CONFLICT
COULD BE ONE OR
C O M B I N AT I O N O F
The conflict is the problem that THE FOLLOWING:
needs to be resolved at the end of
the story. Man vs. Man, Man vs. Man vs. Man,
Self, Man vs. Event, Man vs. Man vs. Self,
Nature, and Man vs. Society.
Man vs. Event,
Man vs. Nature, and
Man vs. Society.
 TYPES OF
Conflict is a problem that must CONFLICT
be solved; an issue between the
protagonist and antagonist 1. External Conflict
forces. It forms the basis of the 2. Internal Conflict
plot..
 TYPES OF
External Conflict- is an outside CONFLICT
force – person, group, animal,
nature, or a nonhuman obstacle. 1. External Conflict
While internal Conflict- takes 2. Internal Conflict
place in a character’s mind.
WHAT IS A
SETTING?
SETTING
Setting is the time and place (or when
and where) of the story and usually
introduced during the exposition
(beginning) of the story, along with the
characters.
WHAT IS A
THEME?
THEME
The theme is the central message,
"moral of the story," and underlying
meaning of a fictional piece; may be the
author's thoughts on the topic or view of
human nature.