Statistics and Probability

MR. JUSTIN JOHN S. VISDA

 Requirements

 Graphing notebook (big)

 Scientific calculator (SciCal)
 Z-table and T-table
 Pens (black, blue and red)
 Statistics and Probability
Chapter 1: Random Variables and
Probability Distributions

LESSON 1: EXPLORING RANDOM

VARIABLES
 Lesson 1: Exploring Random variables

SAMPLE SPACE – it is the set of all possible outcomes

of an experiment.

Ex.
Tossing a coin
Rolling a die
Drawing a card in deck of cards
 Lesson 1: Exploring Random variables

Examples
List the sample space of the following experiments.

EXPERIMENT SAMPLE SPACE

1. Tossing two coins
2. Tossing three coins
3. Rolling a die and tossing
a coin simultaneously.
4. Drawing a spade from a
deck of cards.
5. Drawing a card greater than 7
from a deck of cards
 Lesson 1: Exploring Random variables

VARIABLE – it is a characteristic or attribute that

can assume different values. It is written in capital
letters.

RANDOM VARIABLE – It is a function that

associates a real number to each element in the
sample space. It is a variable whose values are
determined by chance.
 Lesson 1: Exploring Random variables

Example
1. Three cellphones are tested in random. Let D
represent the defective cellphone and N
represent the non-defective cellphone. Let X be
the random variable representing the number
of defective cellphones. Show the values of the
random variable X.
 Lesson 1: Exploring Random variables

Example
2. Suppose three coins are tossed. Let
Y represent the random variable
representing the number of tails
occur. Find the values of the random
variable Y.
 Lesson 1: Exploring Random variables

Example
3. Two balls are drawn in succession
without any replacement from an urn
containing 5 red balls and 6 blue balls. Let
Z be the random variable representing the
number of blue balls. Find the values of
the random variable Z.
 Lesson 1: Exploring Random variables

Two (2) Kinds of Random Variable

A random variable is a
 DISCREET RANDOM VARIABLE – if its set of
possible outcomes is countable. It represents count
data.
 Examples
 1. The number of defective chairs produced in a factory.
 2. The number of students in SPCF.
 Lesson 1: Exploring Random variables

Two (2) Kinds of Random Variable

A random variable is a
 CONTINUOUS RANDOM VARIABLE – if it takes
on values on continuous scale. It represents
measured data such as heights, weights and
temperatures.
 Examples
 1. The weight of Grade 11 students each month in SPCF
 2. The amount of cellphone units brought in a cellphone
shop.
 Lesson 1: Exploring Random variables

A. Determine if the following random variables are DISCRETE

or CONTINUOUS random variable.

1. the number of houses in a

certain block.
 Lesson 1: Exploring Random variables

A. Determine if the following random variables are DISCRETE

or CONTINUOUS random variable.

2. The height of students in a

university.
 Lesson 1: Exploring Random variables

A. Determine if the following random variables are DISCRETE

or CONTINUOUS random variable.

3. The number of applicants who

have applied for a vacant position.
 Lesson 1: Exploring Random variables

A. Determine if the following random variables are DISCRETE

or CONTINUOUS random variable.

4. Time it takes to get to school.