BANGUNAN TEKNIK SIPIL

Infrastructure of
Railway
 Expected Learning Outcome
 ELO1 : students can apply math, science, engineering principles to
solve complex engineering problem
 ELO2: students acquire knowledge about design method,
construction, and maintenance on environmental based civil
engineering structure.
 ELO3: students can choose suitable resources and computation
method to design and analyzed engineering principles based on
technology and information

Outline of topic:
 Railway infrastructure
 Construction and Maintenance of Railway
 Station
 History of Railway Transport in
Indonesia
Year Event

1867 Railway transport was operated for the first time connecting Semarang
and Grobogan. It was used for supporting the military and conveying
crops
1925 Railway electrification system was developed. It was initially applied to
connect Tanjung Priok and Jatinegara. Indonesia was the second
country applying railway electrification system in Asia, after India.

1945 Seize the authority of railway company from Japan

1953 Steam locomotive has been turned into diesel
2011 Modernisation and digitalisation of ticketing system
 Advantages and Disadvantages
of Railway Transport
 Advantages :
1. Dependable
2. Better organized
3. High speed over long distances (efficient)
4. Suitable for bring bulky and heavy goods
5. Larger Capacity
6. Safety
 Disadvantages :
1. Need large investment
2. Lack of flexibility
3. Cannot provide door to door service
Public Transport vs Private Transport
5 modes of transport
with 200 people each
 Infrastructure of Railway
Based on UU No.13 Tahun 1992
1. Railway
2. Station
3. Bridge
4. Signal and telecommunication
 Railway Structure
 Superstructure  rel (rail), bantalan (sleeper/ties),
penambat rel (fastening)
 Substructure  balas (ballast), subbalas (subballast),
improved subgrade (tanah dasar) and natural ground
(tanah asli)
Rail
Sleeper
 Railway Structure
 Rail  longitudinal steel that connects to each other for
supporting movement of train wheels
 Sleeper/ties  to transfer loads to the ballast and
subgrade, hold the rails upright and keep them spaced
to the correct gauge.
 Fastening  fixing rails to railroad ties/sleepers

a
b
wesel
c
Railway Structure

On natural grade

On excavated soil

On embankment soil
 Surface drainage
Side drain Side drain

Side drain
Subsurface drainage
 Railway Classification
Railway Classification based on PD 10 Year 1986
 Gauge width

1. Sepur normal/standar (standard gauge) = 1435 mm

2. Sepur lebar (broad gauge) = > 1435 mm
3. Sepur sempit (narrow gauge) < 1435 mm

In Indonesia, there are two types of gauge, i.e. standard gauge (1435 mm)
and narrow gauge (1067 mm)
 Railway Classification
 Gauge width
1. Single track  train in both direction share the same track
2. Double tracks  involves running one track in each direction

 Capacity

Capacity
Class
(106 × Ton/year)
I > 20
II 10 – 20
III 5 – 10
IV 2,5 – 5
V < 2,5
Loading Concept in Railway Track
Structure
1. Vertical force
Railway track is
predominantly subjected by
vertical forces. It is
calculated based on axle load
2. Dynamic force
due to vibration
3. Lateral force
It can loosen the railway
fastener and cause derailment
(kereta anjlok)
4. Longitudinal force
due to thermal stress affected
by friction between wheel
and brake heads
 Construction Method
Rail & Sleeper
(Conventional method)

Stripping

Compaction Rail & Sleeper

Long drain & (Advance method)
cross drain

Profiling ballast

CBR
test
Ballast and Subbalast
Sumber :Animasi konstruksi pembangunan rel kereta api trans sulawesi
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=axq6urlIf3Q
 Maintenance
Perawatan sambungan
dan penambat

Multi Tie Tamper

 Implementation of Geosynthetic

For :
 Drainage system(a)
 Separator (b)
 Filter (c)
 Reinforcement (d)
 Required Clearance on Railway Track

Railway track should be

clear from any obstruction
and building, with the
following requirements.
Required Clearance on Railway Track
 Station

Railway track
Railway system requires
supporting facilities to:
Emplacement Operation
of station system 1. Pick up and drop off
passengers
Drainage 2. Loading and unloading
Station goods
Building
3. Assembling
locomotive/train
Station 4. Cross path area for train
Installation
building 5. Maintenance of train and
railway track
Peron
 Station
Station Zone:
 Zone 1  peron (peripheral zone, platform)
 Zone 2  private zone for passenger (transition and waiting
zone after boarding)
 Zone 3  public zone outside station building (interchange
and entrance zone) and inside station building (transition,
and waiting zone, before boarding)
CTC (Centralized Train Control)
 Integrated to
computer
system
 To monitor train
movement
 Reduce time
delay
 If the machinist
fails, it can take
over the system
Integrated Transport
 Integrated Ticketing System

Commuter Line Jakarta

MRT Jakarta

Mobile
Ticket Vending Machine application
Integrated Station (Kyoto Station, Japan)

Bus stop

“Porta” mall

Hotel
 Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Jakarta
The Jakarta MRT project began with the construction of 15.7 kilometres Phase I
MRT line. It connects from the Lebak Bulus to Bundaran HI and consists of 13
stations (7 elevated stations and 6 underground stations). The underground
tunnel will be the longest underground construction in Indonesia.

Phase 1 was opened for free service on 24 March 2019. The MRT line has been
integrated to other modes, i.e., Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Transjakarta, kereta
bandara (railink), kereta komuter (commuterline), dan kereta Light Rapid
Transit (LRT). Shopping street concept will be established in Cipete Station.
Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Jakarta
 Discussion
How to get more people to use public
transport. Share your idea !