The northern plains are composed of alluvial soil due to the silt deposited by the three major rivers-

Ganges,Brahmaputra and indus and their tributaries. The states' agricutltural development is
partially due to the presence of these alluvial deposits brought down by the north Indian/Himalayan
rivers along with their respective tributaries . Alluvial soils are derived from the sediment being
deposited by the river Ganga. alluvial soil is formed by the deposition of alluvium and
sediments carried by rivers and seas over many years, which makes this soil fertile. Alluvium
consists of silt, sand, clay, and gravel and often contains a good deal of organic
matter..Northern plains are also known as food bowl of India because of fertile alluvial soil
present which helps in the growth of many food crops. The northern plains of India are an
agriculturally productive region due to the presence of rich soil cover, enough water supply,
and a favourable climate.