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1) Tim Bale, “Chapter 1 Europe. A contient in the making”,

Session III European Politcs, A comparative introduction, Palgrave
Macmillan, 3rd Edition,2013, pp.7-43.

2) Richard Sakwa, “Introduction: the Many Dimensions of

Europe”, Contemporary Europe, ed. Richard Sakwa and
Europe and Europeanisation Anne Stevens, Palgrave 2012, pp.16-24.

3) Thomas Risse, No Demos? Identities and Public

Spheres in the Euro Crisis, Journal of Common Market
Studies, 2014 volume 52. Number 6, pp.1207-1215

What is Europe?
What is Europe?
Historical background of contemporary Europe
What is Europeanisation?
What are the main characteristics of Institutional  Geography?
Europe, Pan-Europe and civilizational Europe
after the End of Cold War?  Idea/identity ?
How we can definite “demos” at the European level ?
What is the thesis of Thomas Risse about the
identities of European citizens?  Importance of history
What was the impact of euro crisis on identification
with the EU?

What is Europe? Three Europes

 Champion League of Union of European  Institutional Europe

Football Association ?
 Eurovision Song Contest ?  Pan-Europe
 Conseil of Europe ?
 European Union ?  civilizational Europe

1

Institutional Europe
 Copenhagen criteria as a « entry ticket »
to the EU
 The EU – supranational organisation
Civilizational Europe
 The cultural unity of the Europe
Europe’s economy
 Europenization doesn’t mean that all
European countries are becoming more
like each other ( ex. organisation of
welfare)
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Pan-Europe
 Intelectual idea, but also
 Council of Europe – the pan-European
space for human rights development death
penalty
 Organization for Security and Co-
operation in Europe – a forum for political
negotiation and decision-making in the
areas of early warning, conflit prevention,
crisis managemant and post-conflit
rehabilitation
Europeanization (Tim Bale)
 An obersvable process, by which the
policies, institutions, norms, goals and
actors of the EU/or other Europen
countries have a perceptible and
significant impact on those of individual
European countries; policies, institutions,
norms, goals and actors can be ‘uploaded’
to Europe; just as those from Europe are
‘downloaded’ to aand by individual
countries.
Europe’s societies
 More classless ?
 Gender-blind ?
 Secular ?
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The European Union The European Union

The European Union is a unique supranational
union and intergovernmental political body. It is
composed of twenty-seven member states,
primarily located in Europe.
There is a single market between member states with a
common trade policy, a Common Agricultural/Fisheries
Policy, and a regional development policy. It introduced
a common currency, the euro, which has been adopted by
ninetheen member states. Since 1993, the EU has
developed a limited Common Foreign and Security Policy,
and co-operation in police and judicial matters.
The European Union is more than just a
confederation of countries, but it is not a
Federal State.
It is, in fact, something entirely new and
historically unique. Its political system
has been constantly evolving over the past 60
years and it is founded on a series of treaties
from those signed in Paris and Rome in the
1950s to the treaties of Maastricht, Amsterdam
and Nice, agreed in the 1990s and to the treaty of
Lisbon.

How many people live in the EU?

The European Union

Under these treaties, the member states

81.7

of the Union delegate some of their

65.0

62.4

60.6

national sovereignty to institutions they

46.1

38.2

share and that represent not only their

21.4

16.6

10.6
11.3

10.9

10.5

9.9

9.4

8.4

7.5

5.3
5.5

5.4

4.4

3.2

2.2

2.0

1.3

0.8

0.5

0.4
national interests but also their collective
Spain

Poland

Finland
Sweden
Germany

France

Italy

Netherlands

Denmark

Estonia

Luxemburg
United Kingdom

interest. Slovakia
Belgium

Czech Republic
Greece

Hungary

Bulgaria

Latvia
Ireland
Romania

Slovenia

Malta
Lithuania
Austria

Cyprus
Portugal

EU population in the world How rich is the EU compared to the

rest of the world?
Population in millions, 2011

37 100

1354

1215 26 300
25 200

12 600
10 800
12 000
502 5 800
5 200
4 200
1 200 2600
1300
318

127 143 EU China India Japan Russia United States EU China India Japan Russia United States

Size of economy: 2011 gross domestic product Wealth per person: 2011 gross domestic product
in trillion of euros per person
EU China India Japan Russia United States

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No demos? No demos?
 Demos – sens of community among the  Euro-crisis – the gradual Europeanization
citizens and sens of loyalty among a of identities and increased politization of
political group. debates about the EU

 According to studies of Eurobarometer, a

majority of European citizens has
developed dual identities – to their nation-
state and to Europe