SDLC (System developement life cycle)

System analysis and Design

For info technology based information system to be of benefits to organizations as an essential

part of business, they must be based on well defined requirements .
They must be designed and built using system analysis and design processes.

Information System
An information system is a set of homogeneous or inter-related component that work to provide
information for a specific purpose.

Elements of information system fig 1.

A system receives input data which is processed, resulting in meaningful information/ output (in
some cases this output may be data to be used as input in another system.

An information system : as shown in figure 1 above we have a control mechanism which

regulates the input and processes based on the feedback from the output.
A thermostat which regulates a heating system is a good example of this

The illustaration above, illustarates the basic elements of a payroll system,

In this example, typical inputs will include an employees hours worked and their tax code.

This data along with previously stored data, such as pay rates and employee details will be used
within the system processes such as calcualate tax and calculate pay in order to calculate the
employees pay.

Some of these calculated pay details will also be used as feedback which could be used to
influence future calculations for tax etc.

Components of an Information System

They include:
1. Input
2. Process
3. Storage
4. Output
5. feedback
6. Control
7. Boudaries
8. Environment
9. Hardware
10. Software
11. Data
12. Communications —-

A number of stakeholders are involved in the system developement process

They include:
1. System requester: Usually a client or senior manager
2. System user: A person who will use the system
3. System analyst : The person who analyses and designs information system
4. System Developer : A person who designs, produces and test software.

System developement life cycle

A traditionmal approach, to acquiring ( producing ) an information system is to use structured
analysis processes within the system development life cycle .

Structured analysis relies on process models whic shows how data flows into a system and is
processed ny applying business rules which in turn leads to data being output as required
information.

The systems Analyst (SA ) plays a leading role throughout the system development process.
A system analyst needs good analyticals skills in order to identify problems and consider
effective solutions, and should also have good communication and interpersonal skills in order to
communicate effectively
 SDLC PHASES
Write extensively on Project charter

Submit to davidelias@unical.edu.ng, davidelinamuel@gmail.com

System Requests: from the system requester and managers (why, how a project is done

Initial investigation: {

Information gathering
Feasibility study: aimed at knowing the viability of the project .
Which usually involves asking questions like the cost , timeframe etc

Cost benefit Analysis: done to show that a proposed product is cost effective.

System Analysis: {
Requirement specifications: specifies what news to be included in the new system.

In traditional model(waterfall model):

Agile methodology:
Agile is an iterative approach to project management and software development that helps teams
deliver value to their customers faster and with fewer headaches. Instead of betting everything on
a "big bang" launch, an agile team delivers work in small, but consumable, increments.
Requirements, plans, and results are evaluated continuously so teams have a natural mechanism
for responding to change quickly.

READ : https://www.atlassian.com/agile

1. LOOK UP DFD diagrams

2. UNIFIED MODLLING diagramau

Requirement In orfer to develop a requiement specification, requirement capture and

requirements activity —

This involves

Othe fact finiding techniques, include questionaires