COMPARITIVE STUDY OF HYBRID VEHICLES

AND CONVENTIONAL VEHICLES .

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction.................................................................................................................................................2
Product/Service/Methodology....................................................................................................................3
Key Findings.............................................................................................................................................4
Key Findings #1........................................................................................................................................4
Key Findings #2........................................................................................................................................4
Key Findings #3........................................................................................................................................4
Visual Data...................................................................................................................................................5
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................5
Key Takeaways.............................................................................................................................................5

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INTRODUCTION

 Hybrid Electric Vehicles

HEVs are powered by an internal combustion
engine or other propulsion source that runs on
conventional or alternative fuel and an electric motor that
uses energy stored in a battery. The extra power provided
by the electric motor allows for a smaller engine, resulting
in better fuel economy without sacrificing performance.
HEVs combine the benefits of high fuel economy and low
emissions with the power and range of conventional
vehicles.
HEVs do not require a plug to charge the battery;
instead, they charge using regenerative braking and the
internal combustion engine. They capture energy normally
lost during braking by using the electric motor as a
generator, storing the captured energy in the battery.

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 The energy from the battery provides extra power during
acceleration and auxiliary power when idling

HOW DO HYBRID ELECTRIC CARS WORK?

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KEY COMPONENTS OF A HYBRID ELECTRIC CAR

BATTERY (AUXILIARY):

IN AN ELECTRIC DRIVE VEHICLE, THE LOW-VOLTAGE

AUXILIARY BATTERY PROVIDES ELECTRICITY TO START
THE CAR BEFORE THE TRACTION BATTERY IS ENGAGED;
IT ALSO POWERS VEHICLE ACCESSORIES.

DC/DC CONVERTER: 

THIS DEVICE CONVERTS HIGHER-VOLTAGE DC POWER

FROM THE TRACTION BATTERY PACK TO THE LOWER-
VOLTAGE DC POWER NEEDED TO RUN VEHICLE
ACCESSORIES AND RECHARGE THE AUXILIARY BATTERY.

ELECTRIC GENERATOR: 

GENERATES ELECTRICITY FROM THE ROTATING WHEELS

WHILE BRAKING, TRANSFERRING THAT ENERGY BACK TO
THE TRACTION BATTERY PACK. SOME VEHICLES USE
MOTOR GENERATORS THAT PERFORM BOTH THE DRIVE
AND REGENERATION FUNCTIONS.

ELECTRIC TRACTION MOTOR: 

USING POWER FROM THE TRACTION BATTERY PACK, THIS

MOTOR DRIVES THE VEHICLE'S WHEELS. SOME VEHICLES
USE MOTOR GENERATORS THAT PERFORM BOTH THE
DRIVE AND REGENERATION FUNCTIONS.

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EXHAUST SYSTEM: 

THE EXHAUST SYSTEM CHANNELS THE EXHAUST GASES

FROM THE ENGINE OUT THROUGH THE TAILPIPE. A THREE-
WAY CATALYST IS DESIGNED TO REDUCE ENGINE-OUT
EMISSIONS WITHIN THE EXHAUST SYSTEM.

FUEL FILLER: 

A NOZZLE FROM A FUEL DISPENSER ATTACHES TO THE

RECEPTACLE ON THE VEHICLE TO FILL THE TANK.

FUEL TANK (GASOLINE):

 THIS TANK STORES GASOLINE ON BOARD THE VEHICLE

UNTIL IT'S NEEDED BY THE ENGINE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (SPARK-IGNITED): 

IN THIS CONFIGURATION, FUEL IS INJECTED INTO EITHER

THE INTAKE MANIFOLD OR THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER,
WHERE IT IS COMBINED WITH AIR, AND THE AIR/FUEL
MIXTURE IS IGNITED BY THE SPARK FROM A SPARK PLUG.

POWER ELECTRONICS CONTROLLER: 

THIS UNIT MANAGES THE FLOW OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY

DELIVERED BY THE TRACTION BATTERY, CONTROLLING
THE SPEED OF THE ELECTRIC TRACTION MOTOR AND THE
TORQUE IT PRODUCES.

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THERMAL SYSTEM (COOLING): 

THIS SYSTEM MAINTAINS A PROPER OPERATING

TEMPERATURE RANGE OF THE ENGINE, ELECTRIC MOTOR,
POWER ELECTRONICS, AND OTHER COMPONENTS.

TRACTION BATTERY PACK: 

STORES ELECTRICITY FOR USE BY THE ELECTRIC

TRACTION MOTOR.

TRANSMISSION: 

THE TRANSMISSION TRANSFERS MECHANICAL POWER

FROM THE ENGINE AND/OR ELECTRIC TRACTION MOTOR
TO DRIVE THE WHEELS.

ADVANTAGES OF A HYBRID CAR

Here are a few of the top advantages of having a hybrid

car:-

1. Environmentally Friendly
2. Financial Benefits
3. Less Dependence on Fossil Fuels
4. Regenerative Braking System
5. Built From Light Materials

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6. Assistance From Electric Motor
7. Smaller Engines
8. Automatic Start and Stop
9. Electric-Only Drive

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DISADVANTAGES OF A HYBRID CAR:-

THERE ARE DISADVANTAGES TO OWNING A HYBRID CAR, BUT

THEY ARE PROBABLY NOT WHAT YOU THINK. CONTRARY TO
THE POPULAR MYTH, HYBRID CARS HAVE JUST AS MUCH
POWER AS REGULAR CARS AND HAVE NO ISSUES WITH
MOUNTAIN DRIVING OR TOWING. THE DISADVANTAGES WILL
DEPEND ON THE TYPE OF HYBRID FUEL THAT YOUR VEHICLE
USES.

1. LESS POWER

2. CAN BE EXPENSIVE

3. POORER HANDLING

4. HIGHER MAINTENANCE COSTS

5. ACCIDENT FROM HIGH VOLTAGE IN BATTERIES

6. BATTERY REPLACEMENT IS PRICEY

7. BATTERY DISPOSAL AND RECYCLING

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SOME HYBRID CARS :-

1. HONDACIVIC

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2. TOYOTA URBAN CRUISER

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  CONVENTIONAL VEHICLES

Conventional vehicles use an internal combustion engine

fueled by gasoline or diesel to power the wheels. Electricity
is used for some accessories, but is not used to move the
vehicle.

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