Standard Test Method for Measurement of Vehicular Roughness’ 1. Scope [LI This test method covers the determination of vehic. ‘lar response to traveled surface roughness.” 1.2 This tet method utilizes an apparatus that measures the relative motion of a sprung mass system in response to traveled surface roughness where the mass is supported by automotive type suspension and ites. + 13 This standard does.not purport to‘address all of the safety problems associated with its use, [1s the responsibilty ofthe user ofthis stittard to establish appropriate safety and ‘health practices and determine the applicability of regulory limitations prior to use, Specific precautionary satements are siven in Section 6, 2, Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: E 177 Practice for Use ofthe ASTM Test Methods? E 178 Practice for Deal E 867 Terminolo E 1136 Specification for a Radial Reference Test Tire? w Terms Precision and Bias in ing with Outlying Observations? "ay Relating to Traveled Surface Charac- 3. Summary of Test Method 3.1 Vehicular response to traveled surface roughness is ‘aleulated from an accumulated displacement measurement Givided by the test seetion length, A vehicle is brought to the Sesired test speed and lateral position in the lane tobe tested, The test apparatus is placed in operation and a constant speed is maintained throughout the test. Pertinent informa. tion affecting test results must be noted 4, Significance and Use 41 This test method provides a means of, evaluating traveled surface roughness. The measured values represent vehicular response to traveled surface roughness obtained with the equipment and procedures stated herein and do not necessarily agree or corelate directly with those Sbtained by ‘other methods.* 2 "Ths et method i de he Trawed Saree Chaacrt E1231 on Methods for Measuring tle nd Ropes Gucet ion oroved Se 18 190 Paid November 1990, Orally ited aE 108285 dana Bok ef ASTM Stondods Ve 402. Annual Book of 4ST Stn, Vel Oe “Gite, .D. Sayer, SW. 34 See by “Caleation of Reson Tspe Road Rosthnes Netunrg Sytem” Noone Carane Higher Reseed Prwram Reo 128 ecb 1988, ricion of ASTAL Commitee E07 98 nd eet reponsiiy ef Sateommie mn Response to Traveled Surface 'A number fn pretense yr tan sapere ion oF eager 5. Apparatus , 5.1 Test Apparatus, consisting of an axle to frame the isplacement measuring sensor, a displacement accumu lator, a distance measuring system and a recording system ‘mounted in a vehicle that is either a suitable pascenger ‘automobile with four wheels or a suitable single axle, eon wheel trailer towed by a vehicle 5.2 Test Aulomobile—~The vehicle used to house the dis- placement measurement sensor. It shall be equipped. a8 follows: 5.2.1 Engine in front, 52.2 Rigid rear axle, 5.2.3 Rear springs (coi 5.2.4 Rear sway bar. 5.2.5 Heavy duty shock absorbers, 5.2.6 Tires dynamically balanced (GM-TPC* or Specifica- tion E 1136), 5.2.7 Cruise control, and 528 Air conditioning 5.3 Test Trailer—A two-wheel trailer shall be specifically esigned and equipped to house the displacement measure ‘mem sensor, meeting the following requirements: $3.1 120. 1 in. (3048 + 25 mm) from the center of the hitch tothe center ofthe axle, 5.3.2 65 + Sin. (1651 + 127 mm) from the center of the eo the center ofthe tre, 5.3.3 Coil spring-shock-absorber su 5.3.4 Sway bar, 53.5 Tires dynamically balanced (GM-TPC*), 5.3.6 Weight and suspension system balanced to provide a esponse to the range of traveled surface roughness 10 be easured, and 5.3.7 Rigid ane 5.4 Instrumentation: 5.4.1 General Requiremeris—The instrumentation shall function accurately at ambient temperatures between 40"F and 100°F (4.4°C and 37.8°C). All electronic and mechanical components of the system will be adequately designed to withstand adverse conditions such as dust, moisture, vibra tions, and shocks that may be encountered in traversing the traveled surfaces to be measured, 5.4.2 Displacement Measuring Sensor—Capable of mea- suring relative vertical anle-o-frame displacement in incre. singe leaf, gas), spension system, 2 Genel Moe. “Tie Peronnace Ci cde nd Spcieationy* Engen Poca $4082, Cnet Moon Car, ilo Me sebk {The tem ar eprionl bat ae ied sete on wbasi et heGh & 1082 nents of 0125 in. (5.178 mm) or Hess in response to traveled Surface roughness. ns ovaplarement Accupnularor—Capable of aceuma- taut the output ofthe displacement reasurement senso laine thoth directions and transmitting an output which i 8 a oe vot the measured displacement, 10 the recording BE pace Measuring System—Must indicate dis taser be producing an output direcly proportional {0 vanesed datance that will actuate high-speed counter WasShe of accepting count fates equivalent to the highest cope es speed. The system shall acconimodaté measure. aoa eather fee or miles (metres or kilometres) and have Calibration adjustment capability As Recording Systemm—Must provide an accumulative graphic, pamed. of digital display of the outputs of the eblacement accumulator and distance measurement 6. Safety Precautions G1 The test vehicle, as well as attachments 10 it shall covibly with applicable statz and federal laws, Precautions SRipoaed ts, law shall be taken to ensure the safety of ‘operating personnel and the public 7. Calibration 111 Speed-—Cilibrate the vehicle speedometer tha is used to jadieate the test speed by determining te time required to rPuttrse an accurately measured (0.1), level and strat Te pavement at a constant indicated speed. Calibra- a gpeeds should encompass the normal speed (or speeds) ‘GGuite for testing. A toinimum of three test runs at cach RaeEsnould. be made for calibration. The precision of speed 2d distanceftime for the three test runs should DE rthan ad mph (23.2 km/h) of the average. The tangent win “Gr pavement used for this calibration should be at least 0.5 mile (0.8 km) in length. ao mgnceCalibrate, the distance output by deter mining the distance recorded after traversing an accurately sae eeed (20.152) level, tangent pavement section, at & caesar indicated speed. Distance calibrations should incor~ orate all calibration speeds. A minimum of three tet rung Porat be made at each speed, The precision of the distance aro Tar the thie test runs should he within 1 of the sare The tangent section of pavement used for this aNfiotion should be atleast 1.0 mile (1.6 km) in length Te Vehicular Response to, Traveled Surface Roughness— Pros to calibration, exercise caution to ensure proper Dperation a all electronic and mechanical equipment. Ope spon should comply with the manufacturer's recoromended STocedures and the requirements of ths test method. Cali Proton shall consist of adjusting the output of the displace- Tent accumulator of & particular test apparatus through methematicel of mechanical means to correspond (0 & Treasure of roughness determined by one of the following Teference metiods selected by the intvidual agency. ee freferned Method"—A computer simulation of ve hicular'tesponse based on inpats from a profile measuring system, 71533 -Aliemate Methods—The foliowing methods of cali: waaion il not aeesarih reduce resus hal aren wee agreement wth the prefered method or with each Ott ee measure of roughness of the CHLOE” profilometer 32.2 Artificial roughness surfaces, 732.3 Panel rating. and TATE A nmilar pice of cquipment calibrated 3s 9 sandard, a yee Calibration Sections—Pavernent s2ctton. oat io include srtfcial roughness surfaces) used for We (ao iam of vehicular response to waveled surface cough seein be uniform in roughness throughout, as far 2s res eal and Shall bea minimu of 0.2 ees (0.3 km) in Tengih. oF MEI minimum of three pavement sections should Be ‘used iow calibration of vehicular response to traveled surface weet nnese These sections shall exhibit roughness within & vonee of values significant for routine testing: Mae ova. separate calibration of vehicular response 10 sravated surface roughness will be required for each tes ESA inimum of three determinations of vehicular saees se to traveled surface roughness shall be required fof Teonssencular test speed. The calibration of vehicuay cee Ra to traveled surface roughness at dillerent speeds will were esting ata speed appropriate to the flow of raf. St aqueney-—The calibrations are valid only if’ no chungss occur or are made in the fest apparatus. The indi Taek agency shall set the frequency of calibration and ve tutin checks The recommended minimum frequency of calibration is annual 8. Test Preparation oh, 8.1 Equipment which has an effect on the riding quality of ine vehinle and the instrumentation should be inspected For io niiting the testing. Tres and. shock, absorbers Prt Spc n good. condition. Prior to cach series of test sae the tes by traveling for atleast 5 miles (8 kro) 2} warm arate speeds, Set the tie inflation pressure at the ire normtaclurers maximum recommended pressure for size rear ipe af ie used at ambient temperature just before the mite (& ken) warmup. Fi Te turonatile Afonnsed Unis-~These wns ate sense tive to the following. and special aention must be given te thse hems prior to testing to enkire’that they are in the toes Uomaition as when the test appafatus was calibrated: Pst Total mass ofthe vehicle and its contents 1.12 Number of vehiele occupants, LL3. Mass distribution within the vehicle 11144 Wheelbase (same vehicle) E15 Typeand condition of the shock absorbers and the 1 6 Tire wpe, condition, balance and pressure 17 Test speta . {'8 Fuel quantity of one-half tank, minimum, and 9. Frontend suspension condition and alignment. }rraiter Mounted Units—Tese units are suggested benaue of the abvious elimination of many of the variables peeesT towever, special attention must be given to ensure i 1 L 1 L AS Mt oe toe 2 me eh Sie on aesie & 1082 that the items in 8.1.2.1 through 8.1.2.3 are in the same condition as when the test apparatus was calibrated, 8.12.1 Tire condition, balance, and pressure, 8.1.22 Shock absorbers and spring condition, and 81.23 Test speed. 9. Test Sections 9.1 The test sections should be continuous sections of traveled surface (construction projects) of uniform age and composition, that have been subjected to essentially uniform wear. The itividual agency shall specify the minimura test section length but not less than 0.1 mile (0.2 km), Each lane should be considered a separate test section. Test sections shall not include bridge structures of railroad crossings. The surface should be free of debris prior to testing 9.2 Lateral Positioning of Test Vehicle on Test Sections— Normal testing shall be accomplished with the test tne centered in the normal traffic pattern (wheelpaths), 10, Tést Speed and Temperature UO Teut Spced—Should correspond with one of the altration speeds consistent withthe posted sped iat, 102 Test Temperature--Ambienttemperatare should be between 40°F and 100"F aC and 378°C), 11. Measurement U1 Significance of Measurements—The individual ‘agency should define acceptable values of vehicular response to traveled surface roughness for existing pavements, new construction, and overlays. The pavement type and trafic ate influencing characteristics which may require different” values, 112 Vehicular Response to Traveled Surface Rough ‘ness—Shall be expressed in common terms which do not uctuate with test section length, (Example: units of axle displacement per unit length), 12, Procedures + 12.1 Prior to the beginning of the test section, bring the {cst vehicle to the desired speed and alignment and maintain constant speed throughout. A variation in the indicated speed of £2 mph (3.2 km/h) will void the acquired data 122 Record the data pertinent to the test. 123 Individual determinations of vehicular response to traveled surface roughness for a test result average shall conform to Section 12. Test results that are manifestly faulty Shall be disearded in accordance with Practice E 178, Ih arricen Soci Tsing od tr tas 0 potion eee ‘an any tom mores its stanad Ure tne soko Pet os, ar sk tingumen a ch igh wes oe 13, Caleulation 13.1 Determine the test section limits and length, 13.2 Determine the accumulated displacement in re sponse to traveled surface roughness measured within the test section timits, 13.3 Calculate the test result of vehicular response to traveled surface roughness as necessary, dependent upon the method of calibration used 14. Report 14.1 Field Report—The field report for each test section shall contain data on the following items: 14.1.1 Location and identification of test section, 14.12 Date and time of day, 14.13 Ambieat temperature, 14.1.4 Type of pavement, 14.15 Lane tested, 14.1.6 Speed of tet vehicle, 14.1.7 Test result from 13.3, 14.1.8 Operators), 14.1.9 Test unit identification, and 14.1:10 Calibration method (optional). 14.2 Summary Rerort—The summary report foreach test. Section shall include data on the following items insofar 25, they are pertinent tothe variables under investigation: 14.2.1 Location and identification of the test section, 1422 Lane tested, 1423 Date of test, 14.2.4 Pavement type, 14.2°5 Test result, ond 14.26 Calibration method. 15, Precision and 15.1 Individual Measurement Precision—Individal re- peated determinations of accumulated displacement for the same test section by the same operator with the same equipment on the same day must agree with the average of the determinations of accumulated displacement within £10 % (2S %) as defined in Practice E177 or should be Considered suspect. This precision statement is based on data from 0.5 mite (0.8 km) test sections. The precision may vary with the test section length. No further data is available at this time to make an additional statement on precision, The individual agency must set the number of determinations of vehicular response to traveled surface roughness necessary tO achieve the precision desired. Normally, three determina. tions will be requited for a given test section 15.2 Bias of Test Resulis—Since there is not a single agreed on or accepted method of calibration, no statement 1m bias can be made at this time, te ayo any ptr rights assed in cemecion vee a dcmaton lth ety ach isos ‘danas bo ceased fo ASTM Henan You cones ce ColConlortion ta Soca Irena conmeen whch you ay ater you lefty ‘ire own othe ASTM Corman on Sana, TBT6 Race 6, Pee on