M.B.

M UNIVERSITY JODHPUR
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT

COMPUTER INTERFACING AND APPLICATIONS

ASSIGNMENT

TOPIC : SENSOR INTERFACING(INDUCTIVE) WITH MICRO-CONTROLLER

NAME OF GROUP MEMBER : 1) OM PRAKASH GURJAR

2) OAS YADAV

3) PANKAJ PRAJAPAT

4) NILE JAIMAN

5) NISHU JOSHI

Guided by: Jayshree Vajpayee Mam

Inductive Sensor:

An inductive sensor is a device that uses the principle of electromagnetic

induction to detect or measure objects. An inductor develops a magnetic
field when a current flows through it; alternatively, a current will flow
through a circuit containing an inductor when the magnetic field through
it changes.
Inductive Proximity Sensors: A proximity sensor is a sensor able to detect
the presence of nearby objects. The inductive proximity sensor LJ12A3-4-
Z / BY has three pins, two of which are connected to a supply voltage of 6
to 36V. The output pin is PNP and NO (Normally Open). That is, it is
normally Low and when it detects an object, it is HIGH. The detection
distance is 4 mm and it can only detect metal objects such as copper,
aluminum, iron, etc.
This Module has 3 wires:
VCC: Module power supply – 6-36V (Brown)
GND: Ground (Blue)
OUT: Digital output (Black)
You can see the pinout of this module in the image below.
Types of Inductive Proximity Sensors NPN and PNP:

The inductive proximity sensors are available in two different types NPN and PNP.
Both types are used for the same purpose; the only difference is in the wiring. The
PNP type inductive proximity sensor will give positive voltage as the output, while
the NPN type inductive sensor will give GND or 0 as the output signal. So, basically
PNP type inductive proximity sensor is opposite of the NPN type proximity sensor.

We have 24V dc supply, a proximity sensor auxiliary contactor. We will connect the
brown wire of the sensor with the positive terminal of the battery and blue wire
with the negative terminal of the battery. Black wire of the sensor which is signal
wire is connected with the A1 terminal of the contactor the other point A2 of the
contactor will be connected with the dc common. Whenever the sensor output will
be on then auxiliary contactor will be on.

Output of the NPN and PNP type Inductive proximity Sensor:

The NPN type sensor will give you 0 or GND as the output signal. While for the PNP
type Inductive proximity sensor, you know the type of inductive sensor I am talking
about can be powered up using 5-32Vdc. So if the sensor is powered up using the 5v
then the sensor output will be 5v, if the sensor is powered up using 12v, then the
sensor output will be 12v, and so on. To make this clear and easy to understand,
let’s use this inductive sensor with the Arduino.
Working principle of inductive proximity sensor:
The working principle of the inductive proximity sensor is based on the
electromagnetic induction. The coil will generate high frequency
oscillation field.
Electrical currents known as eddy currents are induced on the metal
surface when a ferrous metal material enters the magnetic field.
These eddy current induce power loss within the oscillator circuit and in
turned caused a reduction in the amplitude of the oscillations this is
known as echo or eddy currents kill oscillator principle. This change in
amplitude sends a signal to the switch changing it to its normally open or
normally closed configuration respectively.
When the metal target is removed from the proximity inductive sensor
range the oscillator will return to its normal state and the switch will
return to its normally closed or open output. An inductive proximity
sensor consists of three wires brown, black and blue.
In which brown wire is connected with the positive terminal of the dc
supply, blue will be connected with the dc GND and black wire is the
signal output. Its voltage range is from 5 to 32V.
Sensor interfacing: Sensor interfacing is a mix of amplification, filtering,
and other signal conditioning as well as analog-to-digital conversion. The
analog-to-digital converter (ADC) may be in your microcontroller, but you
will still need to make the sensor compatible with the ADC input.
Inductive proximity sensor interfacing with Arduino:
• Connect 1KΩ resistor with pin number 2 of the PC817 and connect other
terminal of the resistor with the black wire of the sensor.
• Connect pin number 4 of the PC817 with the 10KΩ resistor and connect other
terminal of the resistor with 5V of the Arduino. Connect pin number 3 of the
PC817 with the ground terminal of the Arduino.
• Connect pin number 1 of the PC817 with the 12 V power supply. Connect the
brown wire of the sensor with the +12V. Connect the blue wire with the
ground terminal. Connect pin number 4 of the PC817 with Arduino pin
number 13.
Inductive Proximity Sensor Arduino Code:
REFERENCES:

Inductive sensor - Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Inductive_sensor

Inductive Sensor : Working Principle and Its Applicationshttps://www.elprocus.com › inductive-sensor-

working-a...

Interfacing Proximity Sensors with Arduino - Robocrazehttps://robocraze.com › blogs › post › interfacing-

proxi..
Interfacing Inductive Proximity Sensor LJ12A3-4-Z/BY with ...https://electropeak.com › learn › interfacing-
inductive-..

Inductive and Capacitive Proximity Sensors with Arduinohttps://www.electroniclinic.com › proximity-

sensors-ind..