LESSON 1:
defend the security and promote the general welfare of
RA 9163 THE NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING
PROGRAM ACT OF 2001
What is NSTP?
- The National Service Training Program Law or RA
9163 also known as “An Act Establishing the
National Service Training Program (NSTP) for
tertiary level students, amending for the purpose of
Republic Act. No 7077 Presidential Decree No.
1706 and for other purpose” was enacted last January
2022 to amend the Expanded ROTC.
- Signed by former President Gloria Macapagal
Arroyo on January 23, 2002
- Effectivity March 23, 2002
Republic Act No. 7077 – Citizen Armed Force or
AFP Reservist Act of 1991
- The state shall maintain a regular force in times of
peace, which can be rapidly expanded by a Citizen
Armed Force in the event of war, invasion, or
rebellion.
Presidential Decree No. 1706 – National Service
Law
- It made the national service obligatory for all Filipino
citizens and specified three categories of National
Service: civil welfare service, law enforcement service
and military service.
The Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA
9163 Series of 2021
Program Implementers
- Commission of Higher Education
- Technical Education and Skills Development
Authority
- Department of National Defense
In coordination with DENR, DOH, DDB, PDEA,
NDRRC, DILG, AFP, EPPC
In Consultation with…
- Philippine Association of Slate Universities and
colleges
- Coordinating Council of Private Education
Associations of the Philippines
- Non- Government Organization
- Recognized Student Organizations
Guiding Principles:
Section 1 – Responsibility of all Citizens
- While it is the prime duty of the government to serve
and protect its people, the Constitution also provides
that it shall be the responsibility of all citizens to
the state. In fulfillment thereof, the government may
require each citizen to render personal, military, or
civil service.
Section 2 – Role of Youth
- The state shall promote civic consciousness and
defense preparedness among them, and shall develop
their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social
well-being. It shall inculcate the ideas of patriotism,
nationalism, and advance their involvement in public
and civic affairs.
National Service Training Program
- This program aimed to enhance civic consciousness
and defense preparedness in the youth by developing
the ethics of service ad patriotism while undergoing
training in any of its three (3) programs component,
specifically designed to enhance to youth’s active
contribution to the general welfare.
Three Program Components
Reserve Officers Training love's (ROTC)
-Institutionalized under Section 38 and 39 of R. A 7077
-Designed to provide military training to motivate and train.
organize and mobilize them for national defense preparedness
Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS)
- Contributory to the general welfare and the betterment of life
for the members of the community or the enhancement of its
facilities, especially those devoted to improving health,
education environment, entrepreneur ship, safety, recreation
and moral of the citizenry and other social welfare services.
Literacy training Service
-Designed to train the students to became teachers of literacy
and numeracy skills. Focuses on school children, but on school
youth and other segments of society in need of their services.
Program Implementation: Coverage
a. Incoming first year level students of any baccalaureate
degree program or at least two (2) year TVET Programs
in public and private educational institutions and
enterprises shall be required to complete one (1) year of
the NSTP components as a requisite for graduation, in
accordance with RA9163.
Program Implementation: Coverage
Exceptions:
- a.1. Students who have completed their NSTP
requirement will finish a graduate from a baccalaureate
 degree or two (2) your TVET program and pursuing or
enrolled in another or additional baccalaureate degree or
TVET.
- a. 2. Students who completed any of the three (3) NSTP
components but have transferred or shifted to another
academic course or educational institution.
- a. 3. Pursuant to Section 16 (2) of RA 10742, SK Reform
Act of 2015, & Joint Memorandum Circular NO. 1 s. 2019
all SK officials who COMPLY with the prescribed
requirements and in good standing. Whether appointed or
elected shall during their incumbency, be excepted from
taking the NITP - CWTS subjects.
- Further, as stipulated in Section 16 (2) OF RA 10742 the
concerned SK officials shall submit written reports,
preferably with photographs, or documentations of their
participation in the implementation of programs projects
and activities as outlined in the comprehensive Barangay
Investment Program.
- a. 4. Foreign students or aliens.
Program Implementation: Sec. 4.
Coverage
b. ALL HEI's including SUC's, and TUI's must offer at least
one NSTP component
c. Students enrolled in the first semester of their first year
shall undergo a common module phase for 25 hours
training period. Subjects covered are citizenship training
drug education disaster risk reduction and management
(DRRM), environmental protection and other national
security by concerns.
d. All PHEI’S, and TVL's offering the ROTC program
component with at least 350 ROTC cadets, must establish
or maintain a Department of Military Science and Tactics
(DMJT), subject to existing rules and regulations.
- The Philippine Military Academy (PMA)
- Philippine Merchant Marine Academy (PMMA)
- Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) &
- Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific (MAAP)
are exempted from the NSTP.
Duration and Equivalent Course Unit
- Each of the NSTP components shall be undertaken for an
academic period of two (2) semesters. It shall be credited to
three (3) units per semester for 54 to 90 training hours per
semester.
- One summer Program (OSP) in live of the two-semester
program may be designed, formulate, and adopted by the DND,
CHED and TESDA subject to the capability of the school and
the AFP to handle the same.
Organization of Graduates
Graduates of the Non - ROTC Components
National Service Reserve Corps
Tapped by the state for Literacy and Civic
Welfare activities through joint efforts and DND, CHED,
TESDA In coordination with DILG and DSWD.
Organization of Graduates
Graduates of the ROTC Components
Citizen armed Forces/ Reservist
Pursuant to RA 7077
Subject to the requirements of DND
The NSTP Dimensions of Development/ Pillars of NSTP
Safety and Security - It involves disaster preparedness during
fire, earthquake or other calamity that needs immediate
response from any trained civilians during emergency
situations.
Educations- This area involves enhancement of institutional
support materials and facilities for the community and school
such as providing materials containing basic literacy skills for
pre. schoolers, alternative learning system for out-of- school
youths and adults.
Recreation - This area involves sports, fests, parlor games for
street children and painting that enrich youth’s capacities to
relate with one another in the community.
Values Formation and Moral Recovery - This involves the
development of youth to the good leaders, responsible
individuals imbued with good moral values and active agent
development of the community.
Industry and entrepreneurship - This area includes
programs and activities that are vital to economic growth.
NSTP students demonstrate technical skills in communities like
meat processing, silk screen making and how to establish small
business

Care and Health - This area aims to give knowledge on
medical - related fields and extend health service needed in the
community. It includes medical services like first - aid
operation vaccination, into dissemination basic lifesaving
seminars health/nutrition technical assistance and training of
youth to be first aid assistants.
Environment - This area includes environmental awareness
and its contribution to health and related fields. It involves
management of waste environmental protection dissemination
and application of technologies supportive of the community
needs and livelihood activities related to environment & other
related fields supportive of the national thrust.
LESSON 2:
ARTICLE 3 OF 1987 CINSTITUTION OF THE
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
ARTICLE III
BILL OF RIGHTS
Section 1. - No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or
property without due process of law, nor shall any person be
denied the equal protection of the laws.
Section 2. - The right of the people to be secure in their persons,
houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and
seizures of whatever nature and for any purpose shall be
inviolable, and no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue
except upon probable cause to be determined personally by the
judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the
complainant and the witnesses he may produce, and particularly
describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to
be seized.
Section 3 – (1) The privacy of communication and
correspondence shall be inviolable except upon lawful order of
the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise, as
prescribed by law. - (2) Any evidence obtained in violation of
this, or the preceding section shall be inadmissible for any
purpose in any proceeding.
Section 4. - No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of
speech, of expression, or of the press, or the right of the people
peaceably to assemble and petition the government for redress
of grievances.
Section 5. - No law shall be made respecting an establishment
of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. The free
exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship,
without discrimination or preference, shall forever be allowed.
No religious test shall be required for the exercise of civil or
political rights.
Section 6. - The liberty of abode and of changing the same
within the limits prescribed by law shall not be impaired except
upon lawful order of the court. Neither shall the right to travel
be impaired except in the interest of national security, public
safety, or public health, as may be provided by law.
Section 7. - The right of the people to information on matters
of public concern shall be recognized. Access to official
records, and to documents and papers pertaining to official acts,
transactions, or decisions, as well as to government research
data used as basis for policy development, shall be afforded the
citizen, subject to such limitations as may be provided by law.
Section 8. - The right of the people, including those employed
in the public and private sectors, to form unions, associations,
or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not be
abridged.
Section 9. - Private property shall not be taken for public use
without just compensation.
Section 10. - No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall
be passed.
Section 11. - Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial bodies
and adequate legal assistance shall not be denied to any person
by reason of poverty.
Section 12.
- (1) Any person under investigation for the commission
of an offense shall have the right to be informed of his
right to remain silent and to have competent and
independent counsel preferably of his own choice. If
the person cannot afford the services of counsel, he
must be provided with one. These rights cannot be
waived except in writing and in the presence of
counsel.
- (2) No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or
any other means which vitiate the free will shall be
used against him. Secret detention places, solitary,
incommunicado, or other similar forms of detention
are prohibited.
- (3) Any confession or admission obtained in violation
of this or Section 17 hereof shall be inadmissible in
evidence against him.
- (4) The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions
for violations of this section as well as compensation
to and rehabilitation of victims of torture or similar
practices, and their families.
Section 13. - All persons, except those charged with offenses
punishable by reclusion Perpetua when evidence of guilt is
strong, shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient
sureties, or be released on recognizance as may be provided by
law. The right to bail shall not be impaired even when the
privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive
bail shall not be required.
Section 14.
- (1) No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense
without due process of law.

- (2) In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be presumed

innocent until the contrary is proved, and shall enjoy the right
to be heard by himself and counsel, to be informed of the nature
and cause of the accusation against him, to have a speedy,
impartial, and public trial, to meet the witnesses face to face,
and to have compulsory process to secure the attendance of
witnesses and the production of evidence in his behalf.
However, after arraignment, trial may proceed notwithstanding
the absence of the accused provided that he has been duly
notified and his failure to appear is unjustifiable.

Section 15. - The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall

not be suspended except in cases of invasion or rebellion when
the public safety requires it.

Section 16. - All persons shall have the right to a speedy

disposition of their cases before all judicial, quasi-judicial, or
administrative bodies.

Section 17. - No person shall be compelled to be a witness

against himself.

Section 18.

- (1) No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political

beliefs and aspirations.

- (2) No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as

a punishment for a crime whereof the party shall have been duly
convicted.

Section 19.

- (1) Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading

or inhuman punishment inflicted. Neither shall the death
penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling reasons involving
heinous crimes, the Congress hereafter provides for it. Any
death penalty already imposed shall be reduced to reclusion
Perpetua.

- (2) The employment of physical, psychological, or degrading

punishment against any prisoner or detainee or the use of
substandard or inadequate penal facilities under subhuman
conditions shall be dealt with by law.

Section 20. - No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-

payment of a poll tax.

Section 21. - No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of

punishment for the same offense. If an act is punished by a law
and an ordinance, conviction, or acquittal under either shall
constitute a bar to another prosecution for the same act.

Section 22. - No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be

enacted.
LESSON 3:
Salient Features of RA 8491:
Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines
Signed into law by former late President Fidel Valdez Ramos
on February 12, 1998
Full Title:
An act prescribing the code of the National Flag, Anthem,
Motte coat of Arms and other Heraldic Items and Devices
of the Philippines.
Section 1. Short Title
- “Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines”
Section 2.
- Declaration of Policy - Reverence and respect shall at
all times be accorded the flag, the anthem and other
national symbols which embody the national ideas and
traditions, and which express the principles of
sovereignty and national solidarity. The heraldic items
and devices shall seek to manifest the national virtues
and to inculcate in the minds and hearts of our people
a just pride in their native land, fitting respect and
affection for the national flag and anthems and the
proper use of the national motto, coat of arms and
other heraldic items and devices.
Section 3. Definition of Terms
- a. ‘Military’ shall mean all branches of the Armed
Forces of the Philippines including the Philippine
National police, the Bureau of Jail management and
Penology, and the Bureau of Fire Protection.
- b. ‘Festoon’ shall mean to hang in a curved shape
between two points as a declaration.
- c. ‘Flag’ shall mean the Philippine National Flag,
unless stated otherwise.
- d. ‘Fly’ shall mean the part of the flag outside the hoist
or length.
- e. ‘Symbol’ shall mean any conventional sign which
reveals man’s achievement and heroism (for orders
and decorations), identification authority and a sign of
dignity (for coat of arms, loge and insignia).
- f. ‘Half- mast’ shall mean lowering the flag to one half
the distance between the top and bottom of the staff.
- g. ‘Hoist’ shall mean the part of the flag nearest the
staff of the canvass to which the halyard is attached.
- h. ‘Inclement weather’ shall mean that a typhoon
signal is raised in the locality
- i. ‘National Anthem’ shall mean the Philippine
National Anthem
- j. ‘Official Residence’ shall mean Malacañang, and
other government- owned structures where the
president resides, and other structures occupied by the
Philippine Consulate or Embassies abroad.
- k. ‘Places of Frivolity’ shall mean places of hilarity
worked by or providing boisterous merriment or
recreation, and (like disco, casino, sabungan)
- l. ‘Institute’ shall mean the National Historical
Institute
Chapter I:
The National Flag
A. Design of the National Flag
Section 4. - The flag of the Philippines shall be blue, white,
and red with an eight - rayed golden yellow sun and three
five - pointer stars, as consecrated and honored by the people.
B. Hoisting and Display of the National Flag
Section 5. - The flag Shall be displayed in all public buildings.
official residence public plazas, and institutions of learning
every day throughout the year.
Section 6. - The flag shall be permanently hoisted, day and
night throughout the year. in front of the following.
- Malacañang Palace
- Congress the Philippines
- Rizal monument in Luneta
- Aguinaldo Shrine
- Supreme Court Building
- Barasoain Shrine
- Tomb of Unknown Soldier
- Libingan ng mga Bayani
And all International Ports of Entry and all other
places as may be designated by the Institute.
The Flag shall be properly illuminated of night.
Section 7. - The flag shall also be displayed in private buildings
and residences or raised in the open flag - stater in front of said
buildings every.
April 9 (Araw ng Kagitingan)
May 1 (Labor Day)
May 28 (National Flag Day)
Last Sunday of August (National Heroes Day) to June
12 (Independence Day)
November 30 (Bonifacio Day)
December 30 (Rizal Day)
and on such other days as may be declared by the
President and by local chief executives.
The flag may also be displayed throughout the year in private
buildings or offices or raised in the open on flag staff in front of
private buildings.
Provided, that they observe flag- raising ceremonies in
accordance with me rules and regulations to be issued by the
office of the president.
Section 8. - All government agencies and instrumentalities, and
local government offices, government - owned corporations
and local government units are enjoined to observe flag day
with appropriate ceremonies. Socio - civic groups, non -
government organizations and the private sector are exhorted to
cooperate-- in making the celebrations a success.
Section 9.
- The flag shall be flown on merchant ships of
Philippine registry of more than one thousand (1000)
gross tans and on all naval vessels.
- On board naval vessels, the flag shall be displayed on
the flagstaff If the stern when the ship is at anchor. The
flag shall be hoisted to the gaff at the after mast when
the ship is at sea.
- On all aircraft to Philippine registry, the National Flag
shall be prominently displayed horizontally on its
fuselage with the hoist side pointing the forward
direction.
Section10. - The flag, if flown from a flagpole, shall have its
blue field on top in time of peace, and the red field on tap of
time of war, if in a hanging position, the blue field shall be to
the right (left of the observer) in time of peace, and the red field
to the right (left of the observer) in time of war.
Section 11.
- If planted on the ground, the flagpole shall be at a
prominent place and shall be of such heigh as would
give the flag a commanding position in relation to the
buildings in the vicinity.
- If attached to a building, the flagpole shall be on top
of its roof or anchored on a sill projecting at an angle
upward.
- If a stage or platform or government office, the flag
shall be at the left (facing the stage) or the left of the
office upon entering.
- The flagpole must not be equal height or higher than
the Independence Flagpole at the Rizal Park in manila
(107 feet in height)
Section 12.
- When the Philippine Flag is flown with another flag,
the flags if both are national flags, must be flown a
separate staff of the same height and shall be of equal
rise. me Philippine flag shall be hoisted first and
lowered last.
- If the other flag is not a national flag, it may be flown
in the same lanyard as the Philippine flag but below
the latter and it cannot be of greater size than the
Philippine flag
Section 13.
- When displayed with another flag, the Philippine flag
shall he or the right of the other flag. If there is a line
of other flags, the Philippine flag shall be in the middle
of the line.
- When carried in a parade with flags, which are not
national flags the Philippine flag shall be in front of
the center of the line.
Section14. - A flag worn out through wear and tear shall not
be thrown away. It shall be solemnly burned to avoid misuse
or desecration. The flag shall be replaced mediately when it
begins to show signs of wear and fear.
Section 15.
- The flag shall be raised at sunrise and lowered at
sunset. It shall be on the mast at the start of official
office hours, shall remain flying throughout the day.
- The flag shall not be raised when the weather is
inclement. If already raised, the flag shall not be
lowered.
Section 16. The flag may be displayed.
- a.) Inside or outside A building or on a stationary
flagpole. If the flag is displayed indoors on a
flagpole, it shall be placed at the left of the observer
as one enters the room.
- b.) from the top of a flagpole, which shall be at a
prominent place or a commanding position in relation
to the surrounding buildings.
 - c.) from a staff projecting upward from the
windowsill, canopy balcony or facade of a building.
- d.) in a suspended position from a rope extending
from a building to polo erected away from the
building.
- e.) flat against the wall vertically with the sun and
stars on tap.
- f.) Hanging in a vertical position on across a street,
with the blue field painting east, if the road is heading
South or north, or pointing north if the road is
heading east and west.
Section 17. - The flag shall be hoisted to the top brisky and
lowered ceremoniously the Flag shall never touch anything
beneath it, such as the ground, flood water or other objects After
being lowered the flag shall be handled and folded solemnly as
part of the ceremony.
C. Conduct of Flag Raising Ceremony
Section 18. - All government offices and educational
institutions shall hence forth observe the flag raising ceremony
every Monday morning and the flag lowering ceremony every
Friday afternoon the ceremony shall be simple and dignified
and shall include the playing or singing the Philippine National
Anthem.
Section 19. - The office of the president upon the
recommendation of the institute shall issue rules and
regulations for the proper conduct of the flag ceremony.
Section 20. - The observance of the flag ceremony in official
or civic gathering shall be simple and dignified and shall
include the playing or singing of the anthem in its original
Filipina lyrics and march tempo.
Section 21.
- During the flag raising Ceremony, the assembly shall
stand in formation racing the flag. At the moment the
first note of the anthem is heard, everyone on the
premises shall come to attention, moving vehicles
shall stop. All persons present shall place their right
palms over their chests those with hat shall uncover,
while those in military. Scouting, security guard and
citizens military training uniforms shall give salute
prescribed by their regulations, which salute shall be
completed upon the last note at the anthem.
- The assembly shall sing the Philippine national
anthem, accompanied by a or available, and at the first
note, the flag shall he raised briskly. The same
procedure shall be observed when the flag is passing
in review or in parade.
Section 22. - During the flag lowering the flag shall be lowered
solemnly and slowly so that the flag shall be down the mast at
the sound of the last note of the anthem. Those in the assembly
shall observe the same department or shall observe the same
behavior as for the flag raising ceremony.
D. Half - mast
Section 23.
- The flag shall be flown at half- mast as a sign of
mourning on all the buildings and places where it is
displayed, as provided for in this Act, on the day of
official announcement of the death of any of the
following officials:
a.) the president of a former President, for ten (10)
days
b.) The Vise President the chief Justice, the President
of the Senate, and the speaker at the House of
Representative. For seven (7 days
c.) Other persons to be determined by the institute for
any period less than seven (7) days.
- The flag shall be flown at half- mast an all the
buildings and places where the decedent was holding
office, on the day of death until the day of Interment
of an incumbent member of the Supreme Court the
cabinet, the senate on the House of Representatives
and such persons and may be determined by the
Institute.
- The flag when flown at half - mast shall be first hoisted
to the peak for a moment then lowered to the half-mast
position. the flag shall again be raised to the peak
before it's lowered for the day.
E. Casket
Section 24.
- The flag may be used to cover the caskets of the
honored dead of the military, veterans of previous
wars, national artists, and of civilians who have
rendered distinguished service to the nation, as maybe
determined by the local government unit concerned. In
such cases, the flag shall be placed such that the white
triangle shall be at the head and the blue portion shall
cover the right side of the caskets. The flag shall not
be lowered to the grave or allowed to touch the ground
but shall be folded solemnly and handled over to the
heirs of the deceased.
Honors.
 1. Immediate family with the military Host must be
prepositioned first in front of the ceremonial elements
before moving the caskets.
2. Upon placing the casket in front of the troop
commander, the Host and the immediate family will
occupy their respective positions for the honors.
3. It will then follow the normal procedure for funeral
honors.
At the Airport.
1. when boarding the aircraft, the casket will be
boarded first, followed by the immediate family.
2. upon deplaning, the family will alright first so as to
be pre-positioned near designated position for the
honors.
F. Pledge to the Flag
Section 25. - The following shall be the Pledge of Allegiance
to the Philippine Flag: Such pledge shall be recited while
standing with the right-hand palm open raises shoulder high.
Individuals whose faith or religious beliefs prohibit them from
making such a pledge must nonetheless show full respect when
the pledge is being rendered by standing at attention.
G. Flag Days
Section 26. - The period from May 28 to June 12 of each year
is declared as Flag Days, during which period all offices
agencies and instrumentalities of government, business
establishments institution of learning and private homes is
enjoined to display the flag.
I. Prohibited Acts
Section 34.
It shall be prohibited
- a.) to mutilate, deface, defile, trample, on or cast
contempt any act or o mission casting dishonor or
ridicule upon the flag over its surface.
- b.) To dip the flag to any person or object by way of
compliment or salute.
- c.) To use the flag:
1. As a drapery, festoon, tablecloth
2. As covering for ceilings, walls, statues, or other
objects.
3. As a pennant in the hood, side, back and top of
motor vehicles.
4. As a staff or whip:
5. For unveiling monuments or statues, and
6. As trademarks for industrial, commercial, or
agricultural labels or designs
- d.) Display the flag:
1. Under any painting or picture.
2. Horizontally face-up. It shall always be hoisted aloft
and be allowed to fall freely,
3. Below any platform, or
4. In discotheques, cockpits, night and day clubs,
casinos, gambling joints and places of vice or where frivolity
prevails.
- e.) to wear the clay in whole or in part as a costume or
uniform.
- f.) to add any word, figure, mark, picture, design,
drawings, advertisements, or Imprints of any native on
the flag.
- g.) to print, paint or attach representation of the flag on
handkerchiefs napkins. cushions, and other articles of
merchandise
- h.) to display in public any foreign flag, except in
embassies and other diplomatic establishments, and in
offices of international organizations.
- i.) To use display or be part of any advertisement of
infomercial; and
- j.) to display the flag in front of building or offices
occupied by aliens.
Chapter III: The National Anthem
Section 35. - The National Anthem is entitled Lupang Hinirang
Section 36. - The National Anthem shall always be sung in the
national language with or without the country. The following
shall be the lyrics of the National Anthem.
Section 37. - The rendition of the National Anthem, whether
Played or sung, shall be in accordance with the musical
arrangement and composition of Juan Felipe.
Section 38.
- When the National Anthem is played at a public
gathering, whether by e band or singing by both, and
reproduced by any means, the attending public shall
sing the anthem. The singing must be done with a
person.
- As a sign of respect, all presents shall stand at attention
and face the Philippine flag, if there is one displayed,
 and if there is none, they shall face the band or
conductor. At the first note, all people shall execute a
salute by placing their right palms over the left chest.
Those salutes shall be completed upon the last note of
the anthem.
- The anthem shall not be played and sung for mere
creation amusement or entertainment purposes except
or the ff. occasions international competitions where
the Philippines is the host or has a representative.
- Local competitions: During " signing off “and "
signing on" of radio broadcasting and television
stations
- Before the initial and last screening of films or before
the opening of theater performances, and
- Other occasions may be allowed by the institute.
Section 39. - All officials and employees of the national and
local governments and any agendas or instrument allies thereof,
including government owned or controlled corporations,
privately - owned entities of offices displaying the national flag
and government Institutions of learning are here by directed to
comply strictly with the values prescribed for the rendition of
the anthem. Failure to observe the rules shall be a ground for
administrative discipline.
Section 41.
The National Court Of: Army shall have.
- Pale ways two (2) pieces. azure and gules, a chief
argent, studded with three (3) mullets equidistant from
each, and in point of honor avoid agent over all the sun
rayonnant with eight minor lesser says Beneath shall
be the scroll with the words " Respublika ng Pilipinas"
inscribed therein.
Chapter IV
Official Seal and other Heraldic Items and Devices
Section 44. - Any government entity, including the military,
may adopt appropriate coat of arms, administrative seals, logo.
insignia, badges, patches, banners and initiate awards citations
orders or declarations, as may be authorized by the congress of
the office of the president.
Section 45. - Such heraldic devices and items shall be filed with
the institute for recording and evaluation as to precedence,
design, customs, and traditions. The institute shall promulgate
the corresponding rules and regulations which shall be
submitted for approval to the office of the President or to
Congress.
Section 50. - Any person or judicial entity which violates any
of the provisions of this Act shall, upon conviction, be punished
by a fine of not less than Five thousand pesos ( 5, 000 ) not more
than twenty thousand pesos ( 20, 000 ) or by imprisonment for
not more than one (1) year, or both such fine and imprisonment,
at the discretion of the court. Provided that for any second and
additional offences, both fine and imprisonment shall always be
imposed. Provided, that in case the violation is committed by a
Judicial person its president or chief Executive officer thereof
shall be liable.
LESSON 4
RA 9165, Nature of Drugs and Classification
The Nature of Drug and Drug Abuse
What is a drug?
A drug is a chemical substance that influences the function of
living cells and alters the body or mental processes when taken
into the body or applied through the skin.
How are drugs taken?
• Ingestion
• Inhalation
• Injection
• Used as suppository
• Applied topically
What is addiction?
- Addiction isn't limited to alcohol and drugs. People
may be addicted to many items, like food, gambling,
shopping, or any of the items that hinder a healthy
lifestyle. When things come out of control, people act
compulsively, no matter what the consequences.
- When the individual is no longer in control of their
life, they become addicted regardless of the
triggering mechanism. Addiction can take over the
entire life of one person.
What is drug addiction?
- Drug addiction or dependence is a state of
compulsive use of psychoactive substances (drugs,
narcotics, and chemicals). Use continues despite
negative consequences (social, emotional, or physical
harm; they may cause the user.) Drugs are addictive
and differ from substance to person. Similarly, a
person who is predisposed to addiction
 psychologically or genetically is much more likely to
become addicted
There are 2 forms of drug addiction
Physical dependency
- Occurs when a drug or substance is regularly used,
and the body becomes accustomed to its effects.
Then the user must continue to use the drug to feel
normal since his absence will trigger withdrawal
symptoms.
Psychological dependency
- Comes when a drug is used regularly, and the mind
has become emotionally dependent on its influence,
either feeling pleasure or relieving pain. It does not
feel able to function without it. Its absence gives rise
to intense cravings, often brought on or magnified
with stress. A user may have
either aspect of dependence but usually has both.
When are drugs harmful?
- Any drug that is taken excessively can be harmful.
Certain drugs can also be harmful if taken in
dangerous combinations or ordinary or even small
amounts by a hypersensitive (allergic) person.
Why do people turn to drugs?
• Medicines can solve problems.
• Widespread access to various drugs.
• Peer pressure.
• The notion that drugs give enjoyment to users and in
the context that is used as an alcohol substitute.
What is drug abuse?
- Drug abuse is the use of a licit or illicit chemical
substance, which results in physical, mental, or social
impairment of an individual.
Are there products other than drugs ever abused?
• Glue
• Paint thinners
• Fuel
• and other toxic (breathable) solvents contain
dangerous chemicals.
Common causes of Drug Abuse
• Unhappy home, parents are showing no interest in
their children.
• Lack of parental values and guidance.
• Domestic violence, whether verbal or physical.
• Parents who make free use of alcohol and illegal drugs.
• Peer pressure/encouragement.
• Curiosity or desire to experience.
• Escape from mental and physical pain; relief from
boredom and frustration.
• Desires to escape from harsh realities.
• Weak personality, the common sense of self – esteem
and self – worth.
Effects of Drug Abuse
• Malnutrition
• Panic Reaction
• Physical Damage
Drug Abuse Preventing Measure
1. Exhaust all communication channels; talk to people
you trust; get free to open and share your emotions and
concerns.
2. Learn how to cope with negative emotions by using
sport, music, meditation, and prayer as relaxation
forms.
3. Expand your horizons by seeking new interests,
meeting new people, visiting new places, and
incorporating new experiences into yourself.
4. Allow yourself the chance to be everything you can be
by finding and developing your personality.
5. Develop family relationships; aim to build balanced,
safe family life and content. Parents should set a good
example; educate their kids and teach essential
information about drug use.
6. Establish a drug awareness program to teach the
school's students about the risks of drug violence.
7. Local leaders will coordinate and run programs to
disseminate information to prevent drug abuse.
Organize a social and leisure initiative which will act
as a meaningful alternative to drug abuse.
8. Partner with officials to apprehend identified drug
pushers and disrupt the community-based drug base
network.
9. Helping drug users in treatment and rehabilitation.
10. Implement a direct, sincere, quick action, and hands-
on approach to the government to address the growing
menace of drug abuse.
CLASSIFICATION OF COMMONLY ABUSED DRUGS
THERE ARE FIVE DIFFERENT KINDS OF DRUGS IN
THE FIELD OF ILLEGAL AND ABUSED DRUG USE.
1.
DEPRESSANTS
-Known as "downers," drugs that act on and depress
the central nervous system causing initial relaxation
that leads to sleep and drowsiness
ALCOHOL
- Specifically, ethyl alcohol, the main ingredient of all
alcoholic drinks. Some liquor brands such as gin,
whiskey, brandy, Pilsen, and rum are favored to
achieve the desired effect among alcoholics or trouble
drinkers.
EFFECT: - The effects of alcohol can vary from mild, such as
skin flushing, to more severe symptoms such as lowering
inhibitions leading to poor social judgment, concentration
problems, loss of coordination, lack of critical judgment,
particularly vision dulled perception, mood swings, decreased
core body temperature, elevated blood pressure, passing out,
and vomiting.
SEDATIVE-HYPNOTICS
- Most often referred to as mild tranquilizers. Such
medications are used in the treatment of epilepsy,
insomnia, and anxiety.
EFFECT: - Drowsiness, dizziness and confusion, coordination
and memory disturbances, slower heart rate and breathing,
which can be worsened if combined with alcohol, increased risk
of falls and injuries, worsening of symptoms of depression and
anxiety, impaired attention and judgment, mood fluctuations
and inappropriate behavior, risk of dependency and addiction,
and risk of death from overdose, either deliberate or accidental.
2. NARCOTICS
- known as "opiates or opioids," is opium-derived
drugs and their derivatives. These medicinal drugs relieve pain,
suppress cough, reduce bowel movement, and induce
psychological indifference
OPIUM
- Coagulated opium poppy juice was used formerly as a
pain reliever but replaced with morphine and codeine.
EFFECTS: - Short term effects can include euphoria,
relaxation, analgesia, slower shallower breathing, lower heart
rate, impaired reflexes, temporary constipation, loss of appetite.
Regular use of opium may cause tolerance-having to use more
to achieve the same result, irregular periods, and difficulty of
having children, lack of sex drive, constipation, opium
dependence.
MORPHINE
- Opium's primary alkaloid occurs in a crystalline white
base and is marketed as tablets and injectable
solutions.
EFFECTS:
• Morphine may cause side effects. Drowning, pain, and
cramps in the stomach, dry mouth, headache,
nervousness, changes in mood, difficulty urinating, or
pain when urinating.
• Specific side effects can be severe. Blue or purple skin
color, changes in heartbeat, restlessness,
hallucinations (seeing things or hearing voices that do
not exist), fever, sweating, confusion, rapid heartbeat,
shivering, severe muscle stiffness or twitching, loss of
coordination, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea),
weakness, or dizziness, inability to get or keep an
erection, irregular menstruation, decreased sexual
desire, seizures, extreme drowsiness, fainting, chest
pain, fever, swelling of the eyes, hives, rash, itching,
face, mouth, lips or throat, heaviness, and breathing or
swallowing difficulties.
CODEINE
- An alkaloid that was extracted from morphine and
used as an analgesic mild.
-
EFFECTS: - Using codeine, as with any prescription, comes
with its side effects; these include dizziness, drowsiness, nausea
and stomach pain, vomiting, constipation, sweating, mild
itching, rashes, dry mouth, flushing, nervousness, shakiness,
vertigo, weakness.
HEROINE
- White crystalline narcotics synthesized from morphine
and used as a suppressant for coughing.
-
EFFECTS: - The short-term effects will deviate slightly based
on the method of delivery to the system. Still, the most common
immediate analgesic (pain-relieving) and depressing effects of
the central nervous system are a "rush," which is a sharp
increase in euphoric feelings, feelings of warmth and flushing
during a "rush," heavy sensation in the extremities, reduced
feelings of pain, drowsiness, sedation, and lethargy.
3. STIMULANTS
- Drugs used to stimulate alertness, boost mood, increase
speech, mental and motor activity, alleviate tiredness or
boredom, and decrease appetite.
AMPHETAMINE
- Colorless liquid with an acrid taste and a mild odor that
stimulates the central nervous system considerably.
This illicit drug most used in the United States.
-
EFFECTS: - They cause increased alertness and somewhat a
false sense of well-being. The short-term negative effects
include paranoia, hallucinations, aggressive behavior,
insomnia, acne, and sores. Longer-term effects include
dependence, resulting in fatal kidney and lung disorders,
possible brain damage, and possible heart stroke.
METHAMPHETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
- Known as "shabu," is a white, odorless crystalline
powder with a bitter taste, considered the Philippines’
most abused stimulant. The abusers administer it by
injection, inhalation, sniffing, or ingestion through the
body.
EFFECTS: - Dangerous effects on the user are feelings of
irritability, fear, anxiety, and loss of appetite leading to loss of
weight. Schizophrenia, split personality resulting in violent
behavior, hallucinations leading to paranoid psychosis,
resulting in violent aggression.
ECSTASY
- A synthetic drug like amphetamine colored white,
yellow, or brown with a bitter taste and comes in the
form of tablets, capsules, or powders in various styles
and shapes.
EFFECTS:
• The positive effects described by users include an
overwhelming feeling of wellbeing, increased
confidence, and the desire to be next to and in physical
contact with other people. It’s also known to produce
insomnia, depression, and paranoia after the high has
worn off. Users are usually sensation- seeking and
sexually aggressive. The long-term deleterious effect
of ecstasy, according to the government agency, is that
it harms serotonin neurons in the brain.
COCAINE
- Known as "coke," alkaloids are derived from coca
plant leaves, commonly used in minor surgery as local
anesthetics, one of the shortest and most potent
stimulants. A cheap, readily available type of
smokable cocaine is known as crack.
EFFECTS: - The drug reportedly provides intense feelings of
pleasure, making the user feel euphoric, energetic, talkative,
and mentally alert. Physical symptoms include accelerated
heartbeat, pulse rate and breathing, and higher blood pressure
and body temperature. Large quantities (several hundred
milligrams or more) intensify the "high" user, but can also lead
to behavior that is erratic, aggressive, and violent. It is known
to be addictive, and death from a cocaine overdose can occur
from convulsions, heart failure, and it can damage the mucous
membranes when snorted. Hollywood celebrities and western
rock stars commonly use this drug.
CAFFEINE
- The active ingredient in coffee, tea, cola drinks, used
to constrict the blood flow and as a cure for headaches,
diuretics, and extreme asthma care.
EFFECTS: - Caffeine has multiple effects on metabolism in
your body. It activates the central nervous system, which can
help you feel awake more and give you an energy boost.
NICOTINE
- A poisonous alkaloid that is an active ingredient in
tobacco and cigarettes. Extracted from tobacco leaves,
it is colorless but quickly turns brown when exposed
to sunlight. It has a burning, acrid flavor.
-
EFFECTS: - Nicotine causes a variety of effects on the body
and mind, including reduced appetite, increased mood,
increased bowel activity, increased saliva and phlegm
production, increased heart rate, increased blood pressure,
sweating, nausea, diarrhea, improved memory, and increased
alertness.
4. HALLUCINOGENS
- Known as "psychedelics," a collection of natural or
synthetic psychoactive substances that create a shift in the state
of consciousness that triggers reactions, including perceptual
alterations. They create hallucinations or visions in the form of
shapes and changes of color in the appearance of the outside
world, which progress in replacing the actual reality with
imaginary beings and landscapes in extreme cases.
LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD)
- A fungal-derived crystalline material that infects
wheat or rye. Well, known and most potent
hallucinogen in the form of tablets, gelatin, or
impregnated paper took orally. Some effects are
hallucinations, distorted visual awareness of shapes,
colors, altered sounds, anxiety and depression,
hallucinations
EFFECTS: - The physical effects of lsd from person to person
are unpredictable. Typically, the drug's first effects are felt 30
to 45 minutes after it is taken by mouth, peak at 2 to 4 hours,
and can last for 12 hours or more.
MESCALINE
- Known as "stp," a product extracted from peyote
cactus dried tops.
EFFECTS: - Mescaline may have physical effects: increased
body temperature, heart rate increased, pupils dilated, shaking,
dizziness, heavy sweating, flushed skin, lack of coordination,
vomiting and nausea, loss of appetite.
PSILOCYBIN
- A mushroom-ingested hallucinogenic agent to achieve
its effect close to lsd and stp.
EFFECTS: - The psilocybin effects are usually like the lsd felt instantly and last for 45 minutes, and the central nervous
effects. These include altered time and space perception and system becomes depressed.
extreme shifts in mood and feeling. Possible impacts of
psilocybin include euphoria, peacefulness, spiritual awakening, • Rugby
rapidly shifting feelings, derealization or the sensation that the • gasoline, kerosene (gas)
world is not real, depersonalization, or a dreamlike sense of
disengagement from the surroundings, altered perception, • paint thinner, and solvent
visual alteration, and distortion, such as light halos and bright
• Nail polish and cuticle remover
colors, dilated pupils, dizziness, drowsiness, poor focus, muscle
fatigue, lack of coordination, unusual body sensations, nausea, • lighter fluid
anxiety, confusion, frightening hallucinations, vomiting, and
yawning. • fluorocarbons such as aerosol sprays, nasal sprays,
and organic isoamyl nitrite (popper).
PHENCYCLIDINE (PCP)
DRUG LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES
- Considered threatening and highly dangerous drugs
because it can be easily synthesized with no human 1. The dangerous drugs board
medical purpose but used by veterinarians as
anesthetic and animal sedative. 2. Philippine national police – drug
enforcement agency

EFFECTS: HERE IS A LIST OF DISSOCIATIVE DRUG 3. National drug law enforcement &
EFFECTS IN GENERAL: prevention coordinating center

• Low to moderate doses: loss of coordination, 4. Philippine center on transnational crime

disorientation, confusion, dizziness, nausea and
5. National bureau of investigation
vomiting, numbness, changes in sensory perception,
hallucinations, feelings of detachment from oneself REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9165
and the environment, increased blood pressure,
increased heart rate, rapid breathing rate, increased COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF
body temperature. 2002

• Higher doses: hallucinations, loss of memory, physical
pain, marked psychological distress, intense panic or
fear, anxiety, hysteria, invulnerability, excessive
force, violence.
Aside from the general effects described above, pcp users
can become highly aggressive or abusive, and may
experience schizophrenia-like psychotic symptoms.
MARIJUANA
- Known as cannabis, a moderate hallucinogenic
product extracted from crushed leaves, flowering tops,
and stems of the "cannabis sativa" hemp plant. In
central Asia and China, they typically smoked or eaten
for pleasure in juicing and folk medicine.
EFFECTS: - Users describe the feeling of smoking marijuana
as relaxed, happy, and generally having a gay mood. then say it
enhances tense feelings, intense situations, and others say it
makes them fall asleep.
Unlawful Acts and Penalties
Sale, trading, administration, dispensation, delivery,
distribution, and transportation of dangerous drugs and/or
controlled precursors and essential chemicals (SEC 5, RA
9165)
• Penalty:
• Life Imprisonment
• fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00)
Maintenance of a Den, Dive or Resort (SECTION 6, RA
9165)
• Penalty:
• Life Imprisonment
• fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos
(P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00)

5. INHALANTS Employees and Visitors of a Den, Dive or Resort

- Substances that are not usually considered to be medicinal • Penalty:

products but have great potential for misuse. They are inhaled • Imprisonment of 12 years and 1 day to 20 years
or sniffed to produce a state of intoxication for their
psychoactive (mind/mood-altering) effects. The effects can be
 • fine ranging from One hundred thousand pesos meeting, or in the proximate company of at least two (2)
(P100,000.00) to Five Hundred Thousand pesos persons (Sec 13, RA 9165)
(P500,000.00)
• Penalty:
Any employee of den, dive, or resort, who is aware of
the nature of the place as such • Life imprisonment

Possession of dangerous drugs. (SEC 11, RA 9165) • fine of Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00)

• (1) 10 grams or more of opium. A person apprehended or arrested, who is found to be

• (2) 10 grams or more of morphine.
• (3) 10 grams or more of heroin.
• (4) 10 grams or more of cocaine or cocaine
hydrochloride.
• (5) 50 grams or more of methamphetamine
hydrochloride or "shabu”.
• (6) 10 grams or more of marijuana resin or marijuana
resin oil.
• (7) 500 grams or more of marijuana; and
• 8) 10 grams or more of other dangerous drugs such as,
but not limited to,
methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDA) or
"ecstasy", Para methoxyamphetamine (PMA),
trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA), lysergic acid
diethylamine (LSD), gamma hydroxy
amphetamine (GHB), and those similarly designed or
newly introduced drugs and their derivatives, without
having any therapeutic value or if the quantity
possessed is far beyond therapeutic requirements, as
determined and promulgated by the Board in
accordance to Section 93, Article XI of this Act.
positive for use of any dangerous drug, after a confirmatory
test, shall be imposed a penalty of a minimum of six (6)
months rehabilitation in a government center for the first
offense.
• If apprehended using any dangerous drug for the
second time (SEC 15, RA 9165) penalty:
• Imprisonment ranging from six (6) years and one (1)
day to twelve (12) years
• Fine ranging from fifty thousand pesos (p50,000.00)
to two hundred thousand pesos (p200,000.00)
Criminal liability of government officials and employees
(SEC 28, RA 9165)
• Penalty:
• Life Imprisonment
• absolute perpetual disqualification from any public
office

• Penalty:

• Life imprisonment

• fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos

(P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00)

IF THE QUANTITY INVOLVED IS LESS THAN THE

FOREGOING QUANTITIES, THE

Possession of equipment, instrument, apparatus, and other

paraphernalia for dangerous drugs. (Sec 12, RA 9165)
• Penalty:
• imprisonment ranging from six (6) months and
one (1) day to four (4) years
• fine ranging from Ten thousand pesos
(P10,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos
(P50,000.00)

Possession of dangerous drugs during parties, social

gatherings, or meetings- any person found possessing any
dangerous drug during a party, or at a social gathering or
QUESTIONS IN QUIZ NO. 1 - FALSE
19. If the flag is in a hanging position, the blue fields
1. Aimed to enhance Civic consciousness and defense should be in the left, right to the server in time of peace
preparedness in the youth. and right of the observer in time of war
- NSTP - FALSE (BONUS)
2. Designed to provide military training to motivate and 20. From May 28 to June 12 of each year is declared as
mobilize. Flag Day
- ROTC (RESERVE OFFICERS TRAINING - TRUE
CORPS)
3. Also, a program component design to train students to
become teachers of literacy and numeracy skills to
school children, out-of-school youth, and other
segments of society in need of their service
- LITERACY TRAINING SERVICE
4. Program component contributory to the general
welfare and for the betterment of life for the members
of the community.
- CWTS (CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING
SERVICE)
5. How many semesters would NSTP be taken?
- 2 SEMESTERS
6. What will be your organization when you graduate of
Non – ROTC component
- NSRC (NATIONAL SERVICE RESERVE
CORPS)
7. What will be your organization when you graduate of
ROTC component
- CITIZEN ARMED FORCES
8. It involves sport fest, parlor games, and team building
to relate with one another in the community.
- RECREATION
9. It is known as the National Service Training Program
Act of 2001
- RA 9163
10. When was the effectivity of the NSTP Law
- MARCH 23, 2002
11. Bill of Rights serves as our protection against
violations
- TRUE
12. Search for the officer takes the possession of the items
during the scene
- FALSE
13. Warrant of Arrest is an official document signed by
the judge which authorities the police officer to arrest
the person or people named in the document
- TRUE
14. Authorities can restrict the right to hold the rally if it
is prevention of crime
- TRUE
15. Expose facto law is applicable to civic cases
- FALSE
16. Juan Felipe wrote the lyrics of our National Anthem
- FALSE
17. A trace of the sun symbolizes the first provinces that
revolted against Spaniards
- TRUE
18. A trace symbolizes Manila, Pampanga, Bulacan,
Laguna, Cavite, Nueva Vizcaya, Bataan, and Tarlac