Software Testing Question Bank for PTT-1 (AY: 2022-23)

(CO5I-A / CO5I-B)

Unit1:-
1. What is software testing?
ANS:- Software testing is a process, to evaluate the functionality of a
software application with an intent to find whether the developed
software met the specified requirements or not and to identify the
defects to ensure that the product is defect-free in order to produce a
quality product.

2. State any 2 objectives of software testing.

ANS:-1. Can be implemented with the same characteristics.
2. Satisfies the needs of stakeholders

3. Write difference between quality assurance & quality control.

ANS:-
4. Write difference between white box testing and black box testing.
ANS:-Black box testing and White box testing.

Testers are in charge of this. Developers worked on it.

It is not necessary to know how to Knowledge of programming is required.

program.

Implementation expertise is required. It is not necessary to have any prior experience with
implementation.

Testing at the next level Testing at a lower level

It takes less time. It takes a lot of time.

 Done by trial and error. It is possible to test data domains and bounds.

5. Write difference between Verification and Validation.

ANS:-
6. Explain V Model
ANS:- V Model is a highly disciplined SDLC model which has a testing
phase parallel to each development phase. The V model is an extension of
the waterfall model wherein software development and testing is
executed in a sequential way. It is known as the Validation or Verification
Model.
SDLC: SDLC is Software Development Life Cycle. It is the sequence of
activities carried out by Developers to design and develop high-quality
software.

STLC: STLC is Software Testing Life Cycle. It consists of a series of

activities carried out by Testers methodologically to test your software
product.

Waterfall Model: Waterfall model is a sequential model divided into

different phases of software development activity. Each stage is designed
for performing the specific activity. Testing phase in waterfall model
starts only after implementation of the system is done.

7. Explain the process of Inspection

ANS:- Inception: This is the first phase of the requirements analysis process. This

phase gives an outline of how to get started on a project. In the inception phase, all

the basic questions are asked on how to go about a task or the steps required to

accomplish a task. A basic understanding of the problem is gained and the nature of

the solution is addressed. Effective communication is very important in this stage, as

this phase is the foundation as to what has to be done further. Overall in the

inception phase, the following criteria have to be addressed by the software

engineers:

Understanding of the problem.

The people who want a solution.

Nature of the solution.

Communication and collaboration between the customer and developer.

8. Explain Boundary Value Analysis technique used in Black Box Testing

ANS:- Boundary value analysis is one of the widely used case design technique
for black box testing. It is used to test boundary values because the input
values near the boundary have higher chances of error.

Whenever we do the testing by boundary value analysis, the tester focuses on,
while entering boundary value whether the software is producing correct
output or not.

Boundary values are those that contain the upper and lower limit of a variable.
Assume that, age is a variable of any function, and its minimum value is 18
and the maximum value is 30, both 18 and 30 will be considered as boundary
values.

The basic assumption of boundary value analysis is, the test cases that are
created using boundary values are most likely to cause an error.

There is 18 and 30 are the boundary values that's why tester pays more
attention to these values, but this doesn't mean that the middle values like 19,
20, 21, 27, 29 are ignored. Test cases are developed for each and every value
of the range.

Testing of boundary values is done by making valid and invalid partitions.

Invalid partitions are tested because testing of output in adverse condition is
also essential.

Unit 2:-
1. Explain top down integration process
ANS:- Top down Integration testing is a part of incremental approach, in which the
testing is done by joining two or more modules that are logically related. This process
is usually carried out by using dummy programs called, Stubs and drivers and is used
in order to stimulate the behaviour of the lower level modules that are not yet
integrated.
In the top-down integration testing, if breadth-first approach is adopted,
then we will integrate module M1 first, then M2, M6. Then we will
integrate module M3, M4, M5, and at last M7.
Advantages OF Top Down Integration Testing

 Critical Modules are tested on priority.

 Major design flaws could be found and fixed first.

 Verifies major control or decision early in the test process.

Disadvantages of Top Down Integration testing

 The basic functionality of the software is tested at the end of the cycle.

 It requires many stubs.

 Modules at the lower level tested inadequately.

2. List types of integration testing

ANS:-

  Big Bang Approach :

  Incremental Approach: which is further divided into the following
  Top Down Approach.
  Bottom Up Approach.
  Sandwich Approach – Combination of Top Down and Bottom Up.

3. State any 4 checklist for GUI Testing.

ANS:-

1. Check font (font type and font size)

2. Check for consistency (colors and visual elements)
3. Check spaces (paddings, borders, margins)
4. Check images displayed are not blurry

4. Explain Unit testing

ANS:- Unit Testing is a type of software testing where individual units or
components of a software are tested. The purpose is to validate that each
unit of the software code performs as expected. Unit Testing is done
during the development (coding phase) of an application by the
developers.
The objective of Unit Testing is:
1. To isolate a section of code.
2. To verify the correctness of the code.
3. To test every function and procedure.
4. To help with code reuse.
There are 2 types of Unit Testing: Manual, and Automated.  
There are 3 types of Unit Testing Techniques. They are Black box
testing, White box testing & Gray box testing.

Advantages of Unit Testing:

1. Unit Testing allows developers to learn what functionality is

provided by a unit and how to use it to gain a basic
understanding of the unit API.
2. Unit testing allows the programmer to refine code and make
sure the module works properly.
3. Unit testing enables testing parts of the project without
waiting for others to be completed.

Disadvantages of Unit Testing:

1. The process is time-consuming for writing the unit test cases.

2. Unit Testing is not efficient for checking the errors in the UI(User
Interface) part of the module.
3. It requires more time for maintenance when the source code is
changed frequently.

5. Explain the process of Bi directional integration.

ANS:-

1. Bi-directional Integration, is a kind of integration testing process that

combines top-down and bottom-up testing.
2. With an experience in delivering Bi-directional testing projects custom
software development services provide the best quality of the deliverables
right from the development of software process.
 3. Bi-directional Integration testing is a vertical incremental testing strategy
that tests the bottom layers and top layers and tests the integrated system
in the computer software development process.
4. Using stubs, it tests the user interface in isolation as well as tests the very
lowest level functions using drivers.

Advantages:

1. This approach is useful is useful for very large projects having several
projects. When development follows a spiral model and module itself is as
large as a system.
2. Both top down and bottom up approach starts at the start of the schedule.
3. It needs more resources and big teams for performing both, methods of
testing at a time or one after the other.

Disadvantages:

1. It represents very high cost of testing as lot of testing is done.

2. It cannot be used for smaller systems with huge interdependence between
different modules.
3. Different skill tests are required for testers at different level as modules are
separate systems handling separate domain

6. Explain any 4 testing approach of client server testing.

ANS:-

 Component Testing: One need to define the approach and test plan for
testing client and server individually. When server is tested there is need of
a client simulator, whereas testing client a server simulator, and to test
network both simulators are used at a time.
 Integration testing: After successful testing of server, client and network,
they are brought together to form system testing.
 Performance testing: System performance is tested when number of clients
is communicating with server at a time. Volume testing and stress testing
may be used for testing, to test under maximum load as well as normal load
expected. Various interactions may be used for stress testing.
 Concurrency Testing: It is very important testing for client-server
architecture. It may be possible that multiple users may be accessing same
record at a time, and concurrency testing is required to understand the
behavior of a system in this situation.

7. Write difference between Alpha testing and Beta testing.

ANS:-

Alpha Testing Beta Testing

Alpha testing involves both the Beta testing commonly uses black-
 Alpha Testing Beta Testing

white box and black box testing. box testing.

Alpha testing is performed at the Beta testing is performed at the

developer’s site. end-user of the product.

Reliability and security testing Reliability, security and robustness

are not checked in alpha testing. are checked during beta testing.

Alpha testing requires a testing Beta testing doesn’t require a

environment or a lab. testing environment or lab.

Alpha testing may require a long Beta testing requires only a few
execution cycle. weeks of execution.

Multiple test cycles are Only one or two test cycles are
organized in alpha testing. there in beta testing.

Unit 3:-
1. What is test plan?
ANS:- A test plan is a document that consists of all future testing-related
activities. It is prepared at the project level and in general, it defines
work products to be tested, how they will be tested, and test type
distribution among the testers. Before starting testing there will be a test
manager who will be preparing a test plan. In any company whenever a
new project is taken up before the tester involves in the testing the test
manager of the team would prepare a test Plan.

2. List test planning activities.

ANS:- The following are the test plan activities:

1. To determine the scope and the risks that need to be tested and that are
not to be tested.
2. Determine the strategy.
3. Making sure that the testing activities have been included.
4. Deciding Entry exit criteria.
5. Evaluating the test estimate.
6. Planning when and how to test and deciding how the test results will be
evaluated and defining
7. The test artifacts delivered as part of test execution.
 8. Defining the management information, including the metrics required and
defect resolution and risks issues.
9. Ensuring that the test documentation generates repeatable test assets.

3. Explain the criteria for testing

ANS:- SKIP
4. Explain Test Reporting
ANS:-