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2nd Year

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Sheet: .7
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Helwan university Heat Transfer

Faculty Of Engineering- Matryia 2018~2019 _
Mechanical Power Dep. 2 nd year
Sheet(7); External Flow
. .
Example: 1 ...... '. ." .... '.'
A circular pipe,of 25.ni:moutsid.~diameter is placed in an lJirstreiimat250Can4J~tm
pressure. The air movesin·:cross flow over the pipe at 15 rri/s, whilethe'o.!itersuttace·of
'the pipe' is niaintairied at 100°C: \Vhat is the rate' of heat transferfrotllthe pip@perumt
length?' , .' . '
, '. ~.

'Example: 2 . .' . ..... , ...... ', .

'. An array ofpower trausistors"diss.!pating6w of power each, ate tob.e coole~i''\:)Yiil~iuitin.g,;
them on a 25 cm ~25 cin,squarealuminum-plate-alld--bI0wing-air-at~G,ev&~plate~
.with a fan at a velocitY-OfAni/s. The average temperature of the plateisndt:1:o:!i~~'c~~ ..
. 65°C. AssuIning the heat transfer 'from the back side 'Of the plate to be l1egngibt~:~d
disregardingradiatlon, determine the numb~r of transistors that
. ...' . " •
tan
be place<lon;ittij:.pl~t~:, ..
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Example: 3 . ~ ' ..', . " ,

During a cold wint~r day, wind at 55 km/h is blOWing parallel to a 4 m-highandJOlU- ...
long wall of a house. If the air outside is at 5°C and the surface temperature6ftne·WalFis
12°e,determine the rate of heat loss from that wall by convection. What woUld'y6lif
. answer be if the wind velocity" Was doubled?- ,."

Dn~sSlllfe of I·ann and a temperature of 50°C is in parallel surface of ~flafplate'

is. heated to a uniform temperature of 100°C. The plate has a length ofO~2niC:iri.f:he .
direction) and a width of 0.1 m. The Reynolds number based on the plate lepgfu is.
Wb,at is the rate ofheat transfer from the plate to the air? IF th~ freestr~em
of the air is doubled and the pressure is increased to 10 atm, what is .the tate of

.', of nygligible thickness contains iced

ttte:.ftal~lWJtl1·"a",('e':l'(.~·c•.:.11y·of 7 mls . D;termin~ the rate'
.at::i~hlcn)Lc.e,meus. The heat affusion afwater at ooe

,,!

'cm-diameter steam pipe whose external surface temperature is 90°C pas~~s

··!hiol.lgh some open area
that is not prQtected against the winds. Determine the rate ofh,ea,t
.lossfrQID the pipe per unit of its length when the air is at 1 atm pressure and 7°C arid the .
, wind is blowing across the pipe at a velocity of 50 kmfh. . . .
"" ..' , . ­
.Exllmple: 7
.~l\irat a pressure of6 kN/m 2 and a temperature oLlOooe flows with a velocity.ohOtnls ',!.

··6vera flat plate 0.5 m long. Estimate the cooling rate'per tinit width ofthe plate needed to
~tain it at a surface temperature of 2 7 ° C . ' .

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Helwan university _ Heat Transfer
., Faculty Of Engineering- Matryia 2018-2019- ­
Mechanical Power Dep. 2 nd year
. _Sheet (7): External flow
.",

Example: 8

A tube bank uses an "a!.ign:ed arrangement .of 10' mm diameter tubes with ST =SL= 2.0 hun.

There are 10 rows of tubes with 50 tubes in each row. Consider an application for which_

cold water flowsthfoughthe tllbes~ mamtaining the outer surface temperature at 27° C,

while flue gases at4270Cand>avelocity of 5 mis are in cross flow over the tubes. The

properties of the flllega~m~y be approximated as those of atmospheric air at 427°C.

.' WDaf is the total rate of"{ieat tfub.sfer per unit length of the tubes in the bank?
• . . " . , '>. ;

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Exan1ple:'9. .
. Co:niBu#ion air in a manufactunng facility is to be preheated before entering a furnace by
hoJwatbrar9pOCfloWing through the tubes of a tube bank located in a duct. Air enters
the duct at 15°c and 1. atmWitb: a mean velocitybf 3.8 mis, and flows over the tubes in
rrorn;rnl diiectioll:The uatet diametel of the-tuberis 2.1-cm;<m:d--tlriWbes-are ananged in:::
liiie\¥ith l~l1g1ttidinalarrd transverse pitches of SL 1\= ST = 5 cm. There are eight row~ in
·thef1()wdirectionwith eigl;tt tuqes in each row. Detennine the rate of heat transfer per unit
of
length the. tub~~ and the pressure drop. The properties of air at 20°S:;.

';J!:xample: 10 I>

Pres~llfized water is often available at elevated temperatures anci may be used for space
heating Of industrial process applications. In such cases it is customary to use a tube
bundle in which the water is passed through the tubes, while air is passed in cross flow
. over the tubes; Consider a staggered arrangement for which the tube outside diameter is
_16AIIrql:an~thelongitudilial and transverse pitches are SL=34.3 mmand ST~31.3 lllill.
T4er~:.ar~seven rows of tubes in the airflow direction and eight tubes per row. Under
. typ!¢~10perating. conditions the cylinder surface temperature is at 70° C, while the air
.' 'llP~~;eatJitemperp:tureand"'ye1ocity are 15°C and 6 mis, respectively. Dete.rmine the air
'••.. side conveCti6 coefficient and the rate of heat transfer for the tube bundle. What is the air
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i,;~{;,:i::' " .. ,~;;~~4ty.~.pY'p~~,~m8.jt·over
a bank of 3m-long .tube~ insiqe which' steam is
;;~~;}i.;,,!'-"nf~'~-:~1~!:;~i'!iQ~~Q;;'~\r~ppi:aa.ches·the·tuhe bank in the nOnllal dIrection at 20°C and 1
<'i\'~~', .... J ; \ _ , ••/ \ ••;",,;;m~~YeI~citY6f5jJD!s. The outer diameter of the -tubes is 1.6 cm, and the .

" i ' _ ' _, __~tq.p,es'iat~i~ifhihged staggered with longitudinal and transverse pitches of SL = ST = 4 cm.

······-'~-'Tbeie are
20- rows in the -flow direction with.JO tubes in each row. Determine (a) thy rate'
of heat transfer, (b) pressure drop, and (c) the rate of condensation of steam inside the
tubes. The properties of air ~t 35°C.

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