POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION LAB

(PRACTICAL FILE)

2018-19

HINDU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

AFFILIATED TO DEENBANDU CHHOTURAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOG,MURTHAL
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%3 Sample's Algorithm for measurement of amfitude,
phase and frequency
% Signal is modelled .as:-
% x = A cos( wt +theta) ; dT=l/fsamp ;
% cos(w dT)=[x(0)+x(2)] / [ (2 x(l))] ;
% w = acos(x(0)+x(2)/ (2 x(l)) )/w dT ;
% A =sqrt[ (x(1)A2 -x(0)x(2)) ]/sin(wdT) ;
% theta = acos[ x(O)/A] ;
clear,clc
A = 100+round(rand*10) ; fsig = 50+(O.5-rand) ;
theta= 30+round(rand*10);
Over_sampling factor = 10;
w =2*pi*fsig;
fsamp =2*fsig*Over_sampling factor;
dT = 1/ fsamp ; T=l/fsig;
k=O;
% Let us generate samples of signal
for t=O:dT:T
k=k+l;
x(k)=A" * cos((2*pi*fsig*t) + (theta)*(pi/180));
end
plot(x)
for n=2: (numel(x) )-1
w est(n)=(acos( (x(n-l)+x(n+
)/ (2* x (n) ) ) ) / (dT);
f_est(n)=w_est(n)/(2*pi) ;
A_est(n)=(sqrt(x(n)A2-x(n
l)*x(n+l)) )/(sin(w est(n)*dT));
t = (n-l)*dT;
thetaest(n)=acos( (x(n))/(A est(n)))-
((west(n))*t);
% Why (n-l)?
% Because when n=l; t=O;
theta~est_deg(n)~(theta_est(n)*(180!pi));
err- A(n)=( (A- est(n)-A)/A)*(100);
err- w(n) =( ( w- est(n)-w )/(w))*(100);
err_theta(n)=( (theta_est deg(n)-
theta)/(theta) )*(100);
end
% myQ=acos(x(1)/A_est(2))
% myQQ=myQ*(180/pi)
fprintf('= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
3 Sam pIe T e c h n i q u e\n')
fprintf('The true values are:- \n')
fprintf('A=%f fsig=%f theta=%f \n',A,fsig,theta)
fprintf('==========================================
============\n')
fprintf('======The Estimated values and Errors are
=================\n')
fprintf('n Omega freq Ampltd PhAng Err_A%% Err w%%
Err_Ph_Ang%% \n')
fprintf('==========================================
===========\n')
for n=2:numel(x)-1
fprintf('%d %8.3f %8.3f %8.3f %8.3f %8.3f %8.3f
%8.3f\n',n,w_est(n),f_est(n),A_est(n),
theta est deg(n),err_A(n),err_w(n),err theta(n)
end
fprintf('\n\n')
for p=1:3
fprintf('Problem No. %d \n',p)
fprintf('The samples of a single frequency signal
are as shown below.\n')
fprintf('Make at least three estimates of the
amplitude;phase and frequency\n')
fprintf('O 1 2 3 4 5 6 \n')
for n=p+l:p+7
fprintf('%f ',x(n)
end
fprintf('\n')
fprintf('==========================================
=========== \n')
fprintf('\n\n')
end
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% Mann and Morrison Algorithm
clear;
clc
% System frequency and Sampling freuency
f=50; Over_samp_factor =100; % OSF = (fsamp/2fsig)
% Voltage Amplitude and Phase angle
Vm = 110; Phi_v=30;% deg
% Line R-L Parameters
R_perKm =.01; XbyR =10;Line Length = 100 , %km
R = R perKm * Line Length ,
X = R * XbyR ,
w = 2 * pi * f;
L = X 1 W ;
Z = sqrt(RA2 + XA2);
1m = Vm 1 Z ;
Phi i = (atan2(XbyR,1) )*(180/pi);
% v = Vm sin(2 * pi * f * t + Phi v)
% i = 1m sin(2 * 'pi * f * t + Phi_v - Phi_i)
R ; L ; X ; Z ; %<== For error calculation
Vm; Phi v ; %<== For error calculation
1m; Phi i; %<== For error calculation
fsamp = 2* f * Over samp factor;
dT = 11 fsamp ,
T = 1 1 f ,
k=O;
for t = 0 :dT:T
k=k+ 1;
v(k)= Vm * sin(2 * pl * f * t + (Phi_v) * (pi/180) );
i(k)= 1m * sin(2 * p± * f * t + (Phi v -
Phi i)*(pi/180));
end
%plot(v) :holdon
%plot(i)
no_of_samples=numel(v) ;
% for n=l:no_of_samples
% fprintf(' v = %f i =%f \n ',v(n),i(n))
% end
for k = 2 : no_of_samples-1
v dash(k)=(v(k+1)-v(k-1) )/(2*dT);
i dash(k)=(i(k+1)-i(k-1) )/(2*dT);
Vm_est(k)=sqrt(v(k)A2 + (v_dash(k)/w)A2);
Im_est(k)=sqrt(i(k)A2 + (i_dash(k)/w)A2);
Phi - Vest
- -
rad(k) =
(atan2( ((v(k) )/( (v~dash(k))/w) ),1) )-(w*k*dT);
Phi_V_est_deg(k)= (Phi_V_est rad(k) )*(180/pi);
Phi_I_est_rad(k)=
(atan2( ((i(k) )/( (i dash(k) )/w)) ,1) )-(w*k*dT);
Phi_I_est_deg(k)= (Phi_I_est_rad(k) )*(180/pi);
Zmag_est(k) = Vm_est /Im_est;
Zang_est_rad(k)= Phi_V_est rad(k)-
Phi - I- est - rad(k);
Zang_est_deg(k)= Phi_V_est deg(k)-
Phi_I_est_deg(k);
R_est(k) = Zmag_est(k) *cos (Zang_est rad(k));
X_est(k) = Zmag_est(k)*sin(Zang_est rad(k));
L est(k) = X est(k)/w;
end

fprintf('TrueValue=%5.2f %5.4f %5.2f %5.4f %5.2f

'·;)5.4f\n'),
Vm,Im,Phi - v,Phi - v-Phi - i,R,L
for n = l:no of samples-1
if(n==l)
fprintf('%2i 1%£ 95f\n' ,v(n),i(n))
continue ~~ ._/
end ~\V-
end
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