NPTEL- Fiber Optic Communication Technology Assignment -5

Attenuation in fibers, Modes of a step index fiber, b-V

curves, Modal profiles

1. Solving for the below transcendental equation will give you dependence of b on V.
h p i h p i
p Jl−1 V (1 − b) p K l−1 V (b)
V (1 − b) h p i = −V (b) h p i ,l ≥ 1
Jl V (1 − b) Kl V (b)

and h p i h p i
p J1 V (1 − b) p K1 V (b)
V (1 − b) h p i = V (b) h p i , l = 0
J0 V (1 − b) K0 V (b)
where the definition of terms are as stated in the lecture. For given value of l, there will be a
finite number of solutions and the mth solution is referred to as LPlm mode of the step index
fiber. Assume n1 = 1.47, n2 = 1.46 and wavelength of 1550 nm. Find the solutions of b which
corresponds to possible modes of the step index fiber for the given V values
(a) V = 2
Ans: b = 0.416, Range: 0.35 to 0.45

Solution: For V = 2, only LP01 (b = 0.416) is supported

Solving for LHS and RHS of the transcendental equations for V = 2 for l = 0, 1

Modal Field of LP01

NPTEL- Fiber Optic Communication Technology Assignment-5

(b) V = 4
Ans:
b = 0.773, Range : 0.65 to 0.85
b = 0.440, Range : 0.35 to 0.55
b = 0.004, Range : 0.003 to 0.005
b = 0.048, Range : 0.035 to 0.055

Solution: For V = 4, LP01 (b = 0.773), LP11 (b = 0.44), LP02 (b = 0.004) and

LP21 (b = 0.048) are supported

Solving for LHS and RHS of the given transcendental equation

for V = 4 for l = 0, 1, 2 and 3

Modal Field for all possible modes for V = 4

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NPTEL- Fiber Optic Communication Technology Assignment-5

2. A standard G652.D step index fiber has the following parameters:

Parameter Value Parameter Value

Core Radius 8.2 µm Cladding Diameter 125 ± 0.7 µm
Fiber Type Single-Mode Outer Coating Diameter 245 ± 5 µm
Refractive Index Profile Step-Index ∆ = n1n−n
1
2
0.001
n1 at 1310 nm 1.4676 n1 at 1550 nm 1.4682

Table 1: G652.D Parameters

(a) Find the value of V number and then use V to find the spot size (w0 ) using Marcuse’s
relation.
[Ans: ii]
i. V = 1.56, w0 = 4.32 µm
ii. V = 2.58, w0 = 8.61 µm
iii. V = 0.52, w0 = 4.83 µm
iv. V = 2.18, w0 = 9.67 µm

Solution: n2 = (1 − ∆)n1 and n1 @ 1310 nm = 1.4676.

For λ = 1310 nm and a = 8.2µm
2π
q
V = a n21 − n22 = 2.581 (1)
λ
Using Marcuse’s relation under Gaussian approximation,
 1.619 2.879 
w0 ≈ 0.65 + ( 1.5 ) + ( 6 ) ∗ a = 8.61µm (2)
V V

= 1310 nm
1
Radial Intensity

Exact Solution
Gaussian Fit

0.5

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
R (= r/a)
Estimation of ‘b’ for 1310 nm signal Bessel solution along with Gaussian fit
The plot in the right compares the radial intensity of the LP01 mode obtained using
the exact solution and using the Gaussian approximation.

(b) Repeat the same question given above for 1550 nm wavelength
[Ans: iv]
i. V = 1.56, w0 = 4.32 µm
ii. V = 2.58, w0 = 8.61 µm
iii. V = 0.52, w0 = 4.83 µm
iv. V = 2.18, w0 = 9.67 µm

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NPTEL- Fiber Optic Communication Technology Assignment-5

Solution: n2 = (1 − ∆)n1 and n1 @ 1550 nm = 1.4682.

For λ = 1550 nm and a = 8.2µm using the steps discussed in the previous question,
V = 2.182 and w0 = 9.67µm
= 1550 nm
1

Radial Intensity
0.5
Exact Solution
Gaussian Fit

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
R (= r/a)
Estimation of ‘b’ for 1550 nm signal Bessel solution along with Gaussian fit

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