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    STAS 12504-86

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    15 views10 pages

    Stas 12504-86

    Uploaded by

    Szabolcs Kovacs

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    ICS 93.040 ARO ROMANIAN STANDARD STAS 12504-86 : Classification index G 61 RAILWAY BRIDGES, VIADUCTS AND WALKWAYS: ‘Supersedes. ‘TESTING OF SUPERSTRUCTURES WITH TEST ACTIONS ah . PODURI DE CALE FERATA, DE $OSEA $I PASARELE yl iNCERCAREA SUPRASTRUCTURILOR CU ACTIUNI DE PROBA 1986, PONTS-RAIL, PONTS-ROUTE ET PASSARELLES. Panssten aie ESSAI DES SUPERSTRUCTURES AUX ACTIONS D’EPREUVE 1986-11-01 1, GENERAL 11 Scope ‘The present standard establishes the principles and the conditions of doing a testing of the superstructures of railway bridges, viaducts and walkways under the administration of Romanian Company of Railway or on public roads, ‘with actions of statistic testing and in some cases dynamical testing. 1.2 The purpose of the testing is the obtaining of information on the behavior of the superstructure of the bridge by actions that models the utile actions, in order to appreciate the viability state, which is analyzed under the following aspects ~ the resistance and the stability of the structure; ~ elastic behavior; ~ state of deformations and movements in characteristically points or sections; ~ functionality; ~ concordance with the specifications for calculus 13 The testing of new bridges is effectuated if it is specified in the design, upon request of the reception ‘commission, of the beneficiary, or of the administration organism, ‘The testing shal! be specified in the design in case of new bridges which present a novelty from point of view of the materials used, of the calculus method, of the opening, or of the technologies of execution, ‘The testing should be specified in the design in case of new bridges with openings [arger than 33 m. Putting into service of the new bridges specified to be tested is permitted only after the effectuation of the {esting and obtaining the advice of the reception commission. 1.4 The new bridges which are in exploitation, are tested at the request of the administrative body (the Deneficiary) in the following cases: a) if after the effectuated revision itis considered necessary; b)oith a view to increase the taffo, the capacity, the passing of special convoys }with a view to inerease the trafic speed, in cases of railway bridges; Aybefore and after the execution of the consolidation or the capital repair ofthe bridge; e)after the expiration of the normalized duration of service with a view to extend it and to establish of the ‘traffic conditions; "ASOCIATIA DE STANDARDIZARE DIN ROMANIA (ASRO), Ares posal: st. Mendelev 21-25, 70168, Bucuresti, Direct General: Tel #40 1211.32.96; Fax +40 | 210.08.33, Diretia Standerciare: Tel. +40 1310 43.08; +49 1310.43.08, Fax: ¥40 131538.70, Divestia Publica Serv, Vinzbr/Abonament: Tel:+401 212.7125, 40 1212.79.20, +40 1 212.7723, 40 1312.94.88 ; Fa: 4 121025.16, $401212.7620 Entire ox patil mubipisoton crus f thie standard in ay kind of plications en by ary means (letronically, mechanically, @ ssro photocopy, micromedia etc.) is strictly forbidden without a prior written consent of ASRO- STAS 12508-86 £) at interval of time of at least 1/3 ,.. 4 from the normalized duration of service, depending on the complexity of the work, ils importance and its conservation state. 1.5 The test is performed with statical testing actions. ‘The viaducts with precompressed concrete, metallic, combined superstructures or with special, superstructures of reinforced steel as well as all the railway bridges shoud be tested both by statistical and dynamical acitons. 1.6 The testing is effectuated based on a testing design 2. TESTING ACTIONS 2A The bridges are stressed during the testings with: ~ permanent actions (constant; ~ testing actions (variable), which model the wile actions 2.2 Static testing actions are performed by: = convoys of locomotives; + convoys of locomotives end railway carringes loaded, = conveys of motor vehicles; ~ vehicles on caterpillar racks; ~ constructions equipment; ~ bags of sand; = reservoirs with water; = billets. In order for the convoys of railway vehicles and of motor vehicles to be considered that they are applied siatically, they shall enter and to cireulate on the bridge with the maximum speed of 5 kmvb. They shall stop in the posto spected inthe chee of taping, Geng out ofthe brig i also effectuated with the maximum speed of 5 2.3. "The dynamic actions of testing are effectuated by: = convoys of locomotives; ~ convoys of locomotives and loaded railway carriages; = convoys of motor vehicles; ~ installations of producing vibrations. ‘The cosvoys of railway vehicles and of motor vehicles shall circulate on the bridge with a constant speed. Its, for the increasing of the impact in case of viaducts testing it should be created artificial disievements of the way produced of wooden planks with the thickness of 4 em, width of 30 cm, iength of 300 cm, having the edges of the superior part flattened at 45°. The position of the wooden planks is established by the testing design. 24 The following data shall be known on the testing actions: ~ in case of the convoys of railway vehicles end of the motor vehicles: the weight on the uxle, position of the ales and of the front wheels towards the clement ofthe resistance structure of the bridge, and in case of the dynamic testing also the speed of movement of the convoy; = in case of the other actions of testing: the dimensions, the position and the weight. 3 ‘STAS 125044 3. MEASURES: 3.1 By measurements during the testing itis controlled the performance of the testing actions according to the Specifications and itis noticed the evolution of the parameters which characterize the state of deformations and the movement of the structure with a view to analyze the behavior of the bridge. 3.2 At static testing itis measured: «the maximum arrow on each opening of the arrow; = the movement of the substructures and of the bearing block at the elements of construction at which the arrow is measured; «specific deformations in most stressed areas established inthe design, ofthe elements of resistance subject (0 the testing; = the size and the opening of the eventual crackings at bridges of reinforced concrete and of precompressed concrete, 3.3 Atthe dynamic testing itis measur: ~ the evolution of the maximum arrow at each opening of the bridges _ the evolution of specific deformations in the most stressed section of the structure established in the design; «the evolution of the opening of the crackings at the bridges of reinforced conerete and precompressed concrete, 3.4 The important points of measuring are doubled, using, if it is possible, means of measurement based on different principles of functioning. 3.5 ‘The means of measurement shall meet the following conditions: = the measuring range to exceed with at least 50% the maximum value specified to be reached during the testing by the measured parameter; = to have the sensibility lifted enough in order to permit, at lest, the measurement of a value of 2% from the maximum value specified to be reached during a testing by the measured parameter. 3.6 At the assembling of the measurement means the following conditions shall be observed: ~ tw be protected of the direct actions of the climatic factors and of the possibility of their degradation by casual contacts, impacts, vibrations, ete; ~ to be fixed by stable and resistant devices; | the access at the means of meaduring to be safe and to permit the correct reading of their indications. 4 TESTING BY STATIC TESTING ACTIONS AA Schemes of the static testing are established so that in the characteristic sections of the simuctures t© be obtained the static efficiency which is wanted. ‘Tho static efficiency of the testing, Era isthe criterion of similitude which is used in modeling the net load by the testing and is determined with the relation: where: Sy ‘The size of the effort determined in the dimensioning of the section, resulted from the taking into consideration of the net loads with normalized values in case of the bridges which ere verified according to the method of limit states, or of the net loads in case of the bridges which are being verified according to the method of admissible resistances; Sour ‘The size of the corresponding stress, obtained from the testing loads considered as statically applied. STAS 12504-86 4 4.2 Depending on the maximum static efficiency of the load testing proposed to be reached during the testing, the load of the bridges is considered: ~ basic; + exceptions, 4.2.1 By basic testings, the maximum static efficiency is Ejox ~ 1.0. These testings are effectuated usually at the reception of new bridges and by the verification of old bridges. In justifiable cases there can be effectuated the testing, with static efficieney lower than I, but not lower than 0.8. 4.2.2, By severe testing, the maximum static efficiency is Ejyy = 1.1. These testings are usually effectuated upon request ofthe factors specified in clause 1.3 in the following cases: - the dimensions of the bridge, or the quality of the materials do not correspond to the specifications of the design; ~ ifthere are doubts regarding the execution, 4.23 By exceptional testings, maximum static efficiency is Egy = 1.2. These testings can also be effcctuated for the values of Eaw higher than 1.2 in necessary eases, justifiable aa appreciated as possible by calculus ‘These testings are effectuated in case of passing on the bridge of a special convoy, or in other special cascs. 43 ‘The maximum static efficiency of the load testing proposed to be reached during the testing is approved by the administration body. 44 The loading of the structure has tobe effectuated progressively. Depending on the modality of loading, the testing can be effectusted: «inva single cycle of loading/disloading. The loading is ffectuated in steps, by the succession of the setemes of loading in the crescendo bierarchy of their static efficiency up to the maximum proposed efficiency, after which the disloading is effectuated. The disloading can be effectuate in a single step oF in many steps in the reversed succession ofthe schemes of loading compared tothe one taken into consideration by loading. = In many successive eycles of loading-isloading, a eyele of each scheme of loading, The succession of the schemes of loading is effectuated in the crescendo hierarchy of their static efficiency up to the maximum proposed efficiency; any time itis possible itis preferred that the bridges to be loaded as described and itis recommended that for each step of loading it should be effectuated two cycles of foading-

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