Faculty of Engineering

Department of Electronics and Communications

Engineering

1. The participants in this project:

 Mohamed Ashraf Faragallah ID: 20002

 Mohamed Yosry Habib ID: 20012
 Mo’men Alaa Fathy ID: 20046

2. The name of the project:

Light alarm using op amp 741

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 3. The aim of the project:

In this project, we will go over how to build a dark-activated switch.

This is a switch that will turn on a circuit or a device when it gets dark.
So when it is bright and there is a lot of light, the switch does not activate.
However, once it gets dark, it activates and it turns on whatever device the
circuit is wired to turn on.

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 4. The circuit-block-diagram:

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 The needed components:
1) LDR: A light dependent resistor is a resistor whose resistance changes
according to the amount of light that it is exposed to. When it exposed to total
darkness, the light dependent resistor 's resistance is very high and it
decreases when it exposed to light. This is called its rated dark resistance.
2) Op amp LM358
3) 9V-15V battery
4) 4.7k ohm resistors X2
5) 470-ohm resistor
6)10k ohm resistor
7) Led

Explanation:
The OP amp is an IC which receives inverting and non-inverting input and
gives off an output. A basic explanation of the theory is that the op amp
receives the LDR resistance at its non-inverting input, and a voltage divider
at its inverting input, these two inputs get compared leading to turning on or
off the led, as when the LDR exposes to light, this will trigger the output to
give low voltage and the led turns off. but when the LDR is in a dark place,
this will trigger the output to give high voltage and the led turns on.

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 5. The circuit on proteus:

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 6. The led in light:

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 7. The led in dark: